解析《仲夏夜之梦》中的狂欢化特征论文

哈尔滨商业大学毕业论文解析仲夏夜之梦中的狂欢化特征学 生 姓 名 指 导 教 师 专 业 英 语 学 院 外语学院 2016 年 3 月 17 日Harbin University of Commerce Graduation ThesisAn Analysis of Carnival Features in Midsummer Nights DreamStudent Supervisor Specialty English Language School School of Foreign Languages June 3, 2016摘 要巴赫金是世纪最重要的思想家之一。他构筑的狂欢化诗学理论体系博大精深,涵盖神话学、民俗学、文化人类学、语言学、文艺学等众多学科,在世界范围内产生了深远的影响。本文拟运用巴赫金的狂欢化理论,对莎士比亚喜剧仲夏夜之梦进行深入细致的文本分析,期望能全面揭示其情节、具有代表性的人物、语言等方面的狂欢化特征。莎士比亚戏剧由于这种深刻的狂欢化特点而成为文学狂欢化历史上一个里程碑,并以莎士比亚戏剧检视了巴赫金的狂欢化理论可用于戏剧分析的可行性。本次论文的题目是解析仲夏夜之梦中的狂欢化特征，通过对莎士比亚戏剧仲夏夜之梦进行深入研究，进而来检视巴赫金的狂欢化理论可用于戏剧分析以及场景安排的方面。关键词:狂欢化诗学；理论；里程碑；戏剧分析AbstractBakhtin is one of the most important thinkers of the century. He built the Carnival Poetics Theory system is broad and profound, encompassing mythology, folklore, cultural anthropology, linguistics, literature and so on many subjects. In the world produced a far-reaching impact. This paper intends to apply Bakhtins carnival theory, of Shakespeares comedy, A Midsummer Nights dream, were detailed text analysis, expect to fully reveal the plot, with the Carnival features of representative figures and language. Shakespeares drama has become a milestone in the history of literary Carnival due to the profound carnival, and Shakespeares Drama View of Bakhtins carnival theory can be used to analyze the feasibility of the drama.The topic of this thesis is analysis, A Midsummer Nights dream, the Carnival features, through in-depth study of Shakespeares A Midsummer Nights dream, and then to examine Bakhtins carnival theory can be used in theatrical analysis and scene arrangement.Key words: Carnival Poetics; theory; milestone; drama analysisContents摘要.1Abstract.11 Introduction.3 2 Carnival Plot.42.1 The Content of Typical Carnival Rituals.52.2 The Love Entanglement between Characters.7 3 Carnival Characters.9 3.1 Nick Bottom A Witty Clown.10 3.2 Punk A Naughty Cupid.113.3 Oberon and Titania Brave Love Pursuers.134 Carnival Language.154.1 Application of Rhetoric Devices.174.2 Two Types of Dialogue Mode.20Conclusion.21Bibliography.22Acknowledgements.23 哈尔滨商业大学毕业论文 01 IntroductionA Midsummer Nights Dream is one of the most popular Shakespeares comedy.A lot of people begin to come into contact with the other works of Shakespeares through it.In recent decades,a lot of psychological analysis masters researh it,because it has an element of a dream . 2The comedy tells about a couple lovers named Hermia and Lysander in Athens.Hermias father disagree that Hermia is together with Lysander.He demands that the duke orders,if Hermia doesnt marry Demetrius,she will be killed.Hermia falls in love with Lysander deeply,on the other hand,Demetrius loves her friend Helena.So she fights againt her fathers mind.Hemia and Lysander decide to escape from Athens.Demetrius and Helena follow the couple into the forst. The fairy king Oberon in the forest want to help Helena get Demetriuss love.He order the Puck put the love water into Demetriuss eyelid when he falls into deep sleeping.While he wakes up and open his eyes,he will fall in love with the woman who he sees firstly.But Puck makes a mistake,he makes a wrong man.The love water droplets in Lysanders eyelid,which makes Lysander fall in love with Helena,and then Puck droplets antidote in Demetriuss eyelid,so Demetrius also fall in love with Helena.The fairy king droplets antidote in Lysanders eyelid.The magic is dispelled.Hermias father find that Hermia and Demetrius love their own lovers.So he agrees the marriage between Hermia and Lysander.Finally,the two couple lovers hold the wedding on the same day. The play features three interlocking plots, connected by a celebration Of the wedding of Duke Theseus of Athens and the Amazonian queen Hippolyta. In the opening scene, Hermia refuses to comply with her father Egeuss wish for her to marry his chosen man, Demetrius. In response, Egeus quotes before Theseus an ancient Athenian law whereby a daughter must marry the suitor chosen by her father, or else face death or lifelong chastity worshipping Diana as a nun. The word in this sense is an anachronism. Hermia and her lover Lysander therefore decide to elope by escaping through the forest at night. Hermia informs her best friend Helena, but Helena has 哈尔滨商业大学毕业论文 1recently been rejected by Demetrius and decides to win back his favor by revealing the plan to him. Demetrius, followed doggedly by Helena, chases Hermia, who, in turn, chases Lysander, from whom she becomes separated. Meanwhile, Oberon, king of the fairies, and his queen, Titania, arrive in the same forest to attend Theseus and Hippolytas wedding. Oberon and Titania are estranged because Titania refuses to give her Indian page-boy to Oberon for use as his knight or henchman, since the childs mother was one of Titanias worshippers. Oberon seeks to punish Titanias disobedience and recruits the mischievous Puck (also called Hobgoblin and Robin Goodfellow) to help him apply a magical juice from a flowercalled love-in-idleness, which makes the victim fall in love with the first living thing he sees when he awakens. Oberon applies the juice to Titania in order to distract her and force her to give up the page-boy . 4Having seen Demetrius act cruelly toward Helena, Oberon orders Puck to spread some of the juice on the eyelids of the young Athenian man. Instead, Puck puts the juice on the eyes of Lysander, who then falls in love with Helena. When Oberon finds this out, he makes Puck apply the juice to Demetrius. Due to Pucks errors, Hermias two lovers temporarily turn against her in favor of Helena. Helena, however, is convinced that her two suitors are mocking her, as neither loved her originally. The four pursue and quarrel with each other all night, losing themselves in the dark and in the maze of their romantic entanglements. Meanwhile, a band of rude mechanicals (lower-class labourers) have arranged to perform a crude play about Pyramus and Thisbe for Theseus wedding, and venture into the forest, near Titanias bower, for their rehearsal. Nick Bottom, a stage-struck weaver, is spotted by Puck, who transforms his head into that of an ass (donkey). Titania is awoken by Bottoms singing, and she immediately falls in love with him. She treats him as if he is a nobleman and lavishes attention upon him. While in this state of devotion, she encounters Oberon and casually gives him the Indian boy. Having achieved his goals, Oberon releases Titania and orders Puck to remove the asss head from Bottom. The magical enchantment is removed from Lysander but is allowed to remain on Demetrius, so that he may reciprocate Helenas love. The fairies then disappear, and Theseus and Hippolyta arrive on the scene, during an early morning hunt. They wake the lovers and, 哈尔滨商业大学毕业论文 2since Demetrius doesnt love Hermia anymore, Theseus over-rules Egeuss demands and arranges a group wedding. The lovers decide that the nights events must have been a dream. After they all exit, Bottom awakes, and he too decides that he must have experienced a dream past the wit of man.In Athens, Theseus, Hippolyta and the lovers watch the mechanicals perform Pyramus and Thisbe. It is ridiculous and badly performed but gives everyone pleasure regardless, and after the mechanicals dance a Bergomask (rustic dance), everyone retires to bed. Finally, as night falls, Oberon and Titania bless the house, its occupants, and the future children of the newlyweds, and Puck delivers an epilogue to the audience asking for applause. Throughout the play in terms of plot deduction,it can be divided into three parts:the first is a status but ridiculous law;second, after they had fled to the forest, the involvement of the elves confuse love each other, and it makes misunderstanding and conflict;finally,after a chaotic, it returns to harmonious.The story happens in the midsummers night,the hero of the story once lost themselves.In fact,it is called midsummer madness and moonstruk in western culture.It present chaos can change into harmonious and conflict can be solved when the dawn comes. 2 Carnival Plot2.1 The Content of Typical Carnival RitualsBakhtin called the sum of all the carnival celebrations to the carnival. In A Midsummer Nights dream also has a variety of carnival celebrations, such as May day, Midsummer Festival, wedding activities etc. A Midsummer Nights dream in the carnival is not only common features of carnival, also has its own unique.About the origin of the carnival, generally derived from the ancient Greek Dionysus ritual celebration. We can also confirm this view by examining the Dionysian celebrations and later carnival celebration ceremony and consistency in the spirit of the. About Dionysian myth has a lot of kinds, a statement, Dionysus said become Zeus and 哈尔滨商业大学毕业论文 3Demeters son, mother to son the pieces of a broken bodies together and restored his young life. Various other argument just simply mentioned he was buried after revived, ascended into heaven, also said he received a fatal wound lying on the ground, Zeus to revive him, said Zeus swallowed the heart of Dionysus, and later by Semele to his rebirth. O which is more representative of the legend: he is the son of Zeus and Semele. When Di Russian Ni SoSs was still in the womb Hera out of jealousy, urged Semele asked Zeus to the great God originally majestic appearance. To see her with thunder and lightning. The Jose appeared, lightning Dayton, Semele immediately to ashes. Zeus immediately rescued in the womb of Dionysus, cut the thigh, put him in the thigh grow, and the second birth. O British adult Hera Dionysus still refuses to let him, make him mad Baidian, wandering. He traveled throughout Greece, Syria, Asia Minor, in the course of wandering on the earth, he taught the farmers grape growing and winemaking techniques, thus becoming a Dionysian. Because he is in charge of the life cycle and the seasons change, so become one of the most favorite of ancient Greek farmers. In order to pray for a good harvest year, people held a grand festival of dionysus. Dionysus in Rome also called Bacchus, God plants, grape planting and brewing leopard protection god. There are many kinds of Gods myth. Have suffered different degrees of modification in the process of the spread, but they retain a a common plot - death and rebirth of Dionysus.2.2 The Love Entanglement between CharactersSpeak. Demetrius immediately quipped, Sir, this is without a doubt, if a group of donkeys will speak in words, the lion, of course will also speak. Both mock queens and his companions like ass, and will lose points to Burton the scene dark donkey wit. In snug played the lions play about a pass that he was not really a lion, Lysander, Theseus and Demetrius to the lion and ridiculed. Lysander at the lion courage had considered is a fox, Theseus say he carefully look Daoxiang is a goose, Demetrius disagree metaphor for him because of his courage also enemy but his caution, but a fox can put a goose dragged away. 哈尔滨商业大学毕业论文 4Mr Boltons drama the lover Piramo and feeling the younger sister Sesibei - long desperately, bitter die short comedy show is a famous love tragedy. Plot and Romeo and Juliet is similar, the drama of Romeo and Juliet let the audience see a gut wrenching, tears welled up in his eyes, and Mr Boltons tragedy but let people laugh. The lover Piramo and feeling the younger sister Sesibei - long desperately, bitter dead short comedy Piramo reminiscent of Lysander and Demetrius, they are the same as love swear, sigh tears. Only these, weep take the name of God in vain by Burton and his companions did so funny. Here, Burtons romantic comedy constitute a parody of love and irony at La mountain. What Burton manage people Xun language cannot understand and manage to pull mountain German noble language, resulting in improper expression, caused a certain extent said no point. By the same token, Burtons understanding of love and pull mountain German nobles understanding of love is also a gap. When they use civilian identity attitude to show that they could not understand the love also due to can not accurately express the performance with the irony of taste. So they show it as a group of nobles in the comedy clown is a worthless person in imposing attire.The crowning and decrowning ritual in A Midsummer Nights dream is reflected in the art of. Bolton, an ordinary Athenian craftsmen, the stupidest idiots in a no, by a quirk of ELF Parker, fitted with a a dead donkey skull. When the eyelids are wiped out love lazy flower juice Cassiopeia Te Tai Nia just woke up, immediately fell madly in love with him. She not only praise the ears are long, hairy, foolish looking monster and clever, and beautiful, said that when meeting for the first time, the beauty of your attitude has made me cant help but say and swear that I love you. And told her attendants respectfully to attend to this gentleman, the fragrance of flowers into wreath, surrounded by his hairy forehead, for him to pick wild fruit, steal wild honey, for his cut bees beeswax candles, give him appealing to eat, but also for his playing xianle. At this time the set of a donkeys fool seems to have become king of Cassiopeia around, enjoying the honor to favor. In Oberon privet flowers lifted the Thierry Mugler Ya eyes spend lazy the magic of love, the carnival King Bolton also instantly is to take off the crown, he went back to the silly man, before the eyes of the Faerie Queene 哈尔滨商业大学毕业论文 5lover now looks like is how exasperate! Similarly, two pairs of lovers skelter has meant decrowning and crowning the. In the beginning of the comedy, but also love Hemia and Dimitli J,Helena with poor Dimitli J of unrequited love. The Oblong out of compassion, in order to save Helenas unrequited love, small wizard Parke I came to love a lazy flower. This is the magic flower juice, with whose eyelids, he / she will strongly love at the first sight of things, whether it is human or animal. When using Ligustrum flower eyes and touch him / to lift the magic of love a lazy flower. Is Parker mistakenly cast a flower juice Lysander wake up see Helena was passionately in love with her, so the former swear is willing to give Hermias life as she becomes nigger and niubangzi, snake. And the law of Demeter, initially to Helena entanglement hate unceasingly, threatened to bully her, the one she lost in the forest, but be cast flower juice, Helena in his eyes immediately become the goddess, Fairy, crystal. In the forest, love the crowning and decrowning only in an instant .103 Carnival Characters3.1 Nick Bottom A Witty ClownThese 171 actions remind impressively wake up Helena, the quality of her lover stain, her love is blind. Then she said: love is not with the eyes, but with the mind watching, and therefore is winged mound Pide often painted blind. C and the judgment of love is not completely rational, light wings, no eye eye, Yimei said a rash impatience; and therefore is love and it is said that is a child, because the choice he often get it wrong. In this passage in Lina will return to his naughty blind love in love, for their blind to find a can convince myself. As the naughty children used to love a false oath, our love of children everywhere with the curse of false gambling. Demetrius before seen Hermia, has like hail as to vow, and said he is completely belongs to me, but this array hail a feel on the trace of the heat, and then immediately dissolved, innumerable vows are naught. And Demetrius the heart of blame small Cupid, find an excuse for Demetrius change, also in his defense. Finally, Helena made his decision: Im going to tell his beautiful Hermias escapade, he know, tomorrow night will be to the woods to 哈尔滨商业大学毕业论文 6follow her. If notification for this news, I can get some reward, my expense is not a small; but my purpose is to enrich my pain, so that I can listen to again after his likeness of the deceased. In this whole section alone inside, we can see the micro dialogue in Helenas heart . Her fanatical love Demetrius, also very clear all the weaknesses of Demetrius and in love half hearted, Demetrius these misdeeds that Helena to his love seems to have the hesitation, doubt Demetrius is worth of your own love, suspect their love is too blind, in love or not love between her hesitate. In order to eliminate his hesitation, she asked the God of love. Because God has a non rational characteristic of children, love the lack of rational judgment, is reckless