英语翻译科学家发现近视基因+或研制早期预防药物

科学家发现近视基因 或研制早期预防药物 Genetic code linked to short sight found Drugs to be given to children at genetic risk of myopia may now be a real possibility guardian co uk Get Flash Player Scientists have discovered strands of genetic code linked to short sight the most common eye disorder in the world The findings shed light on what goes awry to make distant objects look blurred and raises the prospect of developing drugs to prevent the condition Understanding the biological glitches behind short sightedness could help researchers develop eye drops or tablets that could be given to children to stop their vision from failing as they get older Short sightedness or myopia usually starts to manifest early on in life The extent to which genes are to blame varies but for those with the worst vision around 80 of the condition is caused by genetic factors Two separate studies published in Nature Genetics journal found variations in DNA that were more common in people with short sight Chris Hammond at King s College London found one section of DNA on chromosome 15 was more common in people with myopia Caroline Klaver at Erasmus Medical Centre in Rotterdam found another strand also on chromosome 15 linked to short sight The variations in DNA amount to misspellings in the genetic code These alter the activity of three genes that control the growth of the eyeball and ensure light entering the eye is converted into electrical pulses 脉冲 in the retina 视网膜 The discovery helps scientists piece together how a healthy eye becomes short sighted and points the way to medicines to prevent it in children My hope is that we can identify a pathway that we can block with eyedrops or tablets that will stop the eye growing too much and without interfering with normal brain development or other processes in the body Hammond told the Guardian Read by Renee Haines Renee Haines is a journalist at the China Daily Web site 科学家最近发现了一组与近视有关的遗传密码 近视是目前世界上最常见的眼 部疾患 这项发现有助于阐明近视的成因 并为研发预防近视的药物带来了希望 找到近视的生物起因可以帮助研究人员研制出防止儿童视力随年龄增长不断下 滑的眼药水或药剂 近视往往形成于青少年时期 对不同的近视患者来说 基因的致病因素所占比例不同 但对于视力极差的群 体而言 大约 80 的病例都是基因导致的 发表在 自然 遗传学 期刊上的两项独立研究都发现了更常见于近视患者的 DNA 改变 伦敦大学国王学院的克里斯 哈蒙德发现 15 号染色体上的一个 DNA 片段更常见于近视患者 鹿特丹伊拉斯莫丹医学中心的卡罗琳 克拉弗发现 15 号染色体上的另一段 DNA 与近视有关 DNA 变化相当于 拼错 了遗传密码 改变了三种基因的活动 这三种基因控制 眼球生长 确保眼部所见光线在视网膜转化为电脉冲 这项发现帮助科学家完整理解了健康的眼睛如何患上近视 并为研制儿童时期 预防近视的药物指明了方向 哈蒙德在接受 卫报 采访时说 我希望我们可以找到预防近视的眼药水或药 剂 防止眼部发育过快 同时不打乱正常的脑部发育或其它身体活动 相关阅读 研究 男人爱看美女基因使然 基因差异大 容易成夫妻 研究 朋友多少由基因决定 生男生女取决于父亲基因 研究 转基因 紫番茄 或可抗癌 基因会随年龄增长改变吗 基因疗法有望让盲人重见光明 近视相亲 nearsighted date 近视 种种 Vocabulary myopia inability to see distant objects clearly because the images are focuse