届高考英语语法精练-情态动词.doc

2012届高考英语语法精练-情态动词1. -Alas! I have left my key to the office in my car. - Dont worry. I _ it for you. Wait a minute. A. will get B. am going to get C. get D. am getting 2. Be careful when crossing the road. Look both ways, or you _. A. might knock down B. might be knocked down C. must knock down D. must be knocked down3. -Linda has gone to work, but her bicycle is still here. -She _ by bus. A. must have gone B. might go C. could go D. should have gone4. -You didnt inform Mr. Watt of the get-together? -No, because I _. He doesnt, belong to our club. A. couldnt have B. neednt have C. didnt need to D. shouldnt have5. -Where is Mr. Smith? -He _ have gone far - his glasses are still on the desk. A. shouldnt B. must C. couldnt D. might6. As one of the most important leaders of the company, Mr. White _ attend the meeting yesterday. I wonder why he was absent. A. should B. supposed to C. was supposed to D. ought to7. It is ridiculous that we _ be short of water in a country where it is always raining. A. might B. need C. should D. must8. -Will you stay for another hour? -Sorry, I _. One of my friends is coming to see me. A. mustnt B. cant C. neednt D. wont9. It was sunny yesterday, so I _ an umbrella with me during the tour.A. didnt need take B. couldnt have taken C. neednt, have taken D. mustnt have taken10. You _ pay too much attention to your reading skill, as it is so important.A. cannot B. shouldnt C. mustntD. neednt11. -Is John coming by train?-He should, but he _ not. He likes driving his car.A. must B. can C. need D. may12. -I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter.-It _ true because there was little snow there.”A. may not be B. wont be C. couldnt be D. mustnt be13. -Do you think he is lazy?-I _ so once, but I dont now.A. may have thought B. can have thought C. may think D. might think14. Their answers are exactly the same one of them _ from the other.A. must copy B. must have copied C. should copy D. should have copied15. -I thought you wouldnt mind.-Well, as a matter of fact I dont, but you _ me first.” A. should ask B. should have asked C. must ask D. must have asked16. -I called you yesterday. A woman answered, but I didnt recognize her voice.-Oh, it _ my aunt，Jean.A. must be B. must have been C. might be D. can have been17. It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it _ be rather cold sometimes. （2008年高考福建卷） A. must B. can C. should D. would18. Although this _ sound like a simple task, great care is needed.(2008年高考四川卷) A. must B. may C. shall D. should19. According to the air traffic rules, you switch off your mobile phone before boarding. (2008年高考上海卷)A. may B. can C. would D. should20. -What sort of house do you want to have?Something big? -Well, it_ be big-thats not important. （2008年高考陕西卷） A. mustnt B. neednt C. cant D. wont21. Peter _ be really difficult at times even though hes a nice person in general. （2008年高考辽宁卷）A. shall B. should C. can D. must22. -Im sorry. I _ at you the other day.-Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself. 2008年高考江苏卷A. shouldnt shout B. shouldnt have shouted C. mustnt shout D. mustnt have shouted 23. You park here! Its an emergency exit. (2010年高考重庆卷)A. wouldntB. needntC. couldnt D. mustnt24. “You _ have a wrong number,” she said. “Theres no one of that name here.” (2010年高考浙江卷)A. need B. can C. must D. would 25. Just be patient .You expect the world to change so soon. (2010年高考全国卷) A. cant B. neednt C. may not D. will not26. Mark have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early. (2010年高考天津卷)A. neednt B. wouldnt C. mustnt D. couldnt 27. - I take the book out? w_w w. k#s5_u.c o*m-Im afraid not. (2010年高考四川卷)A. Will B. May C. Must D. Need28. -May I take this book out of the reading room?-No, you _. You read it in here. (2010年高考陕西卷) A. mightnt B. wont C. neednt D. mustnt29. I_ have watched that movie itll give me horrible dreams. (2010年高考山东卷)A. shouldnt B. neednt C. couldnt D. mustnt30. Im afraid Mr. Harding _see you now. Hes busy. (2010年高考全国卷)A. cant B. mustnt C. shouldnt D. neednt31. Doctors say that exercise is important for health, but it _ be regular exercise. (2010年高考辽宁卷)A. can B. will C. must D. may32. I have told you the truth. _ I keep repeating it? (2010年高考江西卷)A. Must B. Can C. May D. Will33. Jack described his father, who a brave boy many years ago，as a strong-willed man. (2010年高考安徽卷) A. would be B. would have been C. must be D. must have been34. You _ buy a gift, but you can if you want to. (2010年高考湖南卷)A. must B. mustnt C. have to D. dont have to 35. -Good morning. Ive got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department.-Ah, good morning. You be Mrs. Peters. (2010年高考北京卷) A. might B. must C. would D. can36. What do you mean, there are only ten tickets? There _ be twelve.(2009年高考全国卷)A. should B. would C. will D. shall 37. I cant leave. She told me that I _ stay here until she comes back. (2009年高考全国卷II) A. can B. must C. will D. may 38. One of the few things you _ say about English people with certainty is that they talk a lot about the weather. (2009年高考北京卷)A. need B. must C. should D. can39. - I dont care what people think.- Well, you _(2009年高考四川卷)A. could B. would C. should D. might 40. Some people who dont like to talk much are not necessarily shy；they _ just be quiet people. (2009年高考安徽卷)A. must B. may C. should D. would41. -Its the office! So you _ know eating is not allowed here.- Oh, sorry. (2009年高考湖南卷)A. must B. will C. may D. need42. The traffic is heavy these days, I _ arrive a bit late, so could you save me a place? (2009年高考辽宁卷) A. can B. must C. need. D. might 43. - Hi, Tom. Any idea where Jane is?-She _ in the classroom. I saw her there just now. (2009年高考重庆卷)A. shall be B. should have been C. must be D. might have been44. It_ have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car. (2009年高考上海卷)A. may B. can C. must D. should45. -I havent got the reference book yet, but Ill have a test on the subject next month.-Dont worry. You_ have it by Friday. (2010年高考江苏卷)A. could B. shall C. must D. may 情态动词解析1. 【解析】答案为A。表示说话人临时做出的决定，应使用“will+动词原形”。2. 【解析】答案为B。might可能；must一定，必须。从文章的语气应该是“可能被撞倒”，排除C、D项；knock与you之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以应用其被动语态，选B。3. 【解析】答案为A。根据语境“琳达上班去了，可她的自行车还在这里”，可知“她准是 / 可能是坐公共汽车去的”，可知是对过去事情的推测，故用“情态动词 + have done”。must have done意为“一定 / 准是做了某事”；should have done意为“本来应该做某事而实际未做”。4. 【解析】答案为C。 由语境He doesnt belong to our club可知没有必要通知Mr. Watt，因为他不是我们俱乐部的成员。Didnt need to do表示“没必要，实际上也没做”，而 neednt have done表示“虽没有必要，但已经做了”。Couldnt have done表示过去不可能做某事；shouldnt have done本不应该做某事，而实际却做了。5. 【解析】答案为C。根据破折号后的内容可以推知：他“不可能走远”。Couldnt have done过去不可能做某事；shouldnt have done本不该做某事，但实际上做了；might have done可能做了某事；must have done 表示肯定的推测，“一定做了某事”。6. 【解析】答案为C。句意：作为该公司的一名重要领导，怀特先生本该参加昨天的会议。我不明白他为什么缺席。表示“本应该做（而实际上没有做）”可以用was / were supposed to do 或ought to / should have done，故只有C项正确。7. 【解析】答案为C。should可用于表示惊奇等，有“竟然会”的意思。8. 【解析】答案为B。cant表客观上的“不能”。句意为：“你再呆一个小时可以吗？” “对不起，我不能。我的一个朋友要来看我。”9. 【解析】答案为C。neednt have done表示过去不必做某事, 但事实上做了。句意为：昨天阳光明媚，所以我本不必要在游览时带上伞。10. 【解析】答案为A。cannottoo是 “无论怎样也不算过分，越越”，有时也可用 can never, impossible 等与too连用来表示类似意思。11. 【解析】答案为D。may 表推测，may not 意为“可能不(会坐火车来)”。句中的 He should 为 He should come by train 之省略，由于其后出现转折连词 but，说明语意有变化，再结合下文的 He likes driving his car，便可决定此题选D。注意，不能选B，因为can表示推测时通常不用肯定陈述句。12. 【解析】答案为C。主要由下文的 because there was little snow there 这一语境所决定，既然“没下什么雪”，那么“滑雪”就应是“不可能”，所以选 couldnt be，即选C。13. 【解析】答案为A。从答话人的语境可知，空格处的意思“曾经这样想过”，即对过去情况作推测，故应用“情态动词+动词完成式”；又因为 can 表推测不用于肯定句，故选A。14. 【解析】答案为B。既然两人的答案完全一样，说明“抄袭”已经发生，故用“情态动词+动词完成式”，根据句意，应选B而不能选D。15. 【解析】答案为B。should 后接动词完成式表示“本来应该做某事，结果未做”，此处含有责备之意。16. 【解析】答案为B。对过去情况的肯定推测，宜用“情态动词 + 动词完成式”，再根据句意，可确定答案为B。注：can 表示推测通常不用于肯定陈述句。17. 【解析】答案为B。从but，sometimes来推测，句子应选择能表示“可能”的情态动词can。18. 【解析】答案为B。 must“肯定”，may“可能，也许”，should“应该”。题干推测的程序应为“可能，也许”。19. 【解析】答案为D。根据句意“按照空中交通规则，你应当在登机前关掉你的手机”，所以只有should(应该，应当)符合题意。20. 【解析】答案为B。从 big -thats not important 可知，应该是没必要大。故选neednt。21. 【解析】答案为 C. can表示客观事实上的一种可能性。“Peter 是一位不错的人，但是偶尔难能令人取悦的”。22. 【解析】答案为B 题意：“ 对不起，几天前，我本不该向你大喊大叫的。” A项意为“不应该大喊”，C项意为“不许大喊”，D项表示对过去情况的很否定的推测，意为“本禁止做某事可实际上却做了”，以上均与题意不符；而B项表示对过去情况的推测，意为“本不该做某事可实际上却做了”，符合题意。23.【解析】答案D。考查情态动词。由后面的“这是一个紧急出口”可知，这儿是禁止某人停车，所以用mustnt表示禁止某人做某事。符合语境。24.【解析】答案C。本题考查情态动词的用法。根据“Theres no one of that name here.”这句话可知C项正确。此处must表示肯定的推断。25.【解析】答案A。考查情态动词。can 用在否定句中表示“不能，不会”，符合题意。句意为：耐心点！你不要期待这个世界变化如此之快。26.【解析】答案A。考查情态动词。根据后面的语境，提前半个小时到达，说明Mark本来不必那么匆忙，所以用neednt have done 结构，表示“本来不必要做某事的而实际上做了”。句意是：迈克本来不必要那么忙的。这么高速驾驶之后，他早半个小时到达了。27. 【解析】答案B。考查情态动词。表请求可用情态动词can, may, could, might； 表允许用can, may。句意为：-我可以将这本书带出去吗？-恐怕不行”。28.【解析】答案D。考查情态动词。英语中用could，might表示询问或征求意见的问句中，肯定性应答要用can或may来代替could或might，而may或might征求意见的问句否定应答时要用mustnt，故本题选D。29.【解析】答案A。考查情态动词的用法。表示“本来不应该做而做了某事”用shouldnt have done, 所以A项正确。句意为: 我本来不应该看那部电影的-它会使我做噩梦的。30.【解析】答案A。考查情态动词。情态动词can表示推测时，可用于疑问或否定句。句意为：恐怕哈丁先生现在不可能来看你，他很忙。31.【解析】答案C。考查情态动词。Can一般表示“可能，或能力”；will表示“意志”；may表示“许可，可能”；must表示“必须”。句意为：医生说锻炼对身体重要，但是必须是有规律的锻炼。32.【解析】答案A。考查情态动词。must 必须, 一定; can 可以, 能够; may 也许; will 意愿, 倾向性动作。前半句说我告诉你事实了, 这里用的是现在完成时, 表示过去的动作对现在造成了影响, 既然我已经说了, 我还必须重复一遍吗？33.【解析】答案D。考查情态动词。must have done 表示对过去的肯定推测。句意为：杰克称他的父亲是一个意志坚强的人。许多年前他的父亲一定是一个勇敢的孩子。34.【解析】答案D。考查情态动词。dont have to 意为“没有必要”，符合语境。句意为：你没有必要买礼物，但如果你想买的话，你也可以买。35.【解析】答案B。考查情态动词。根据第一个说话人说和人事处的史密斯小姐有约，那下面的人就回应说，那您一定就是彼得夫人了。 因此must符合题意，在句中表示肯定的推测。36.【解析】答案A。考查情态动词。前句意思是，“你说什么，只有10张票？”可见说话者感到吃惊，由此可判断下句说话意思是“应该有12张票”。should表示“应该”符合句意。37.【解析】答案B。考查情态动词。根据第一句I cant leave的意思，就表明了“我必须呆在这里直到他回来。”38.【解析】答案D。考查情态动词的用法。用can表示可以，能够，所以正确答案为D，should则表示责任和义务的。 句意是：关于英国人你可以肯定的一点就是-他们谈论很多的就是天气。39.【解析】答案C。考查情态动词的用法。答话的人提了一个建议-你应该关注别人对你的评价的。should可以用来向别人提建议，所以答案为C。 句意是：-我不在乎人们想什么？-你应该在乎。40.【解析】答案B。考查情态动词的用法。may在此表示推测，其意为“可能”。句意为：有些不喜欢多说话的人并不一定是因为害羞，他们可能只是喜欢安静。41.【解析】答案A。考查情态动词的用法。must在此表示表示推测，是“一定”的意思。句意是：-这是办公室！因此你一定知道吃的东西是不允许带到这里的。42.【解析】答案D。考查情态动词表猜测。can 常用于疑问、否定的猜测句；must则表示很肯定的猜测；而此处的语境应该是或许，大概之意。句意是：这几天道路很堵，我可能会迟点到，你能帮我留个座位吗？43.【解析】答案C。考查情态动词用法。根据答语：我刚才见到她在那里，判断她“一定”在教室。只有muste表示肯定的推测。shall用于第三人称表示命令、警告或征询对方意见；shouldhavebeen表示原本应该做某事而实际上没有做；mighthavebeen表示对过去发生的行为的推测，可能性小。44.【解析】答案C。考查情态动词表猜测的用法。must have been表示对过去发生的行为的肯定的推测，意为“一定、想必”。句意是：把车停这的一定是汤姆，因为只有他有车。45.【解析】答案B。考查情态动词。shall在第二人称中表示允诺，还可以表示强制，命令，威胁，警告。还有在法律条文中的要求或规定。句意为：-我还没有拿到参考书，但是下个月我马上要考这门考试了。-别急，这周五之前你会拿到的。 五、情态动词的解题例析(1) 认真审题，结合所给出的语境，正确把握说话者的语气、情感、态度、观点等。(2) 认真思考所给选项中情态动词的基本特征和用法，并结合语境推敲答案。(3) 要注意把握时间概念。情态动词无论是表达“推测和可能性”，还是表达“虚拟”这一概念，只要是对过去已经发生的事情进行描述，一律用“情态动词+have done”这一结构；对现在或将来的事情进行描述，用“情态动词+动词或系动词原形”。例如：（NMET2008山东，24）Thank you for all your hard work last week. I dont think we _ it without you. A. can manage B. could have managed C. could manage D. can have managed根据题干中所给出的时间last week可知我们已经做完了工作，已经完成，故排除A、C两项，再结合could have done表示虚拟语气以及与前面的I dont think，故说话者想表达的意思是：离开了你，我们本不可能完成这项工作。故答案为B项。下面我们来看看常考的一些情态动词以下试题均来源于往年的高考试题，具有很强的针对性(1) must表示推测，意为“一定”，只能用于肯定句中。 must have done意为：一定做过某事或某事肯定发生了。 例如： She looks very happy. She _ have passed the exam.I guess so. Its not difficult after all. A. should B. could C. must D. might【解析】句意为：她看上去很高兴，一定是通过了考试。【答案】C(2) should (not) / ought (not) to在中表示根据常规或常识推测，表示“某事应该或不应该发生”，语气比must或cant / couldnt稍弱。例如：Hows your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful?It _ be, but it is now heavily polluted.A. will B. would C. should D. must 【解析】should此处表示推测，意为“应该”。【答案】CThere _ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school. A. mustnt B. shant C. shouldnt D. neednt【解析】句意：既然你在驾校进行了大量训练，那么通过道路测试按理不应该有困难。【答案】C(3) can, could表达推测时，一般用于疑问句和否定句中；can用于肯定句中表示一种理论上的可能性，并不牵涉是否真的会发生，在这种用法中can只能与动词原形连用；could用于肯定句中，语气比may/ might更弱。例如： You _ be hungry already you had lunch only two hours ago! A. wouldnt B. cant C. mustnt D. needntShe _ have left school, for her bike is still here. A. cant B. wouldnt C. shouldnt D. needntIt is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it _ be rather cold sometime. A. must B. can C. should D. wouldPeter _ be really difficult at times even though hes a nice person in general. A. shall B. should C. can D. must【解析】 两个考题中can用于中表示否定的推测，意为：不可能，一定不会； 两个考题中can表示理论上的可能性，翻译为：有时候会。【答案】 B A B C (4)may (not) / might (not)表达一种不太把握的推测，意为“或许，可能”；might的语气比may较婉转。例如： Liza _ well not want to go on the trip - she hates traveling. A. will B. can C. must D. may【解析】may well为固定搭配，意为：很可能，极有可能。【答案】 Although this _ sound like a simple task, great care is needed. A. must B. may C. shall D. should【解析】这听起来或许是一项简单的任务，但却需要极大的细心。【答案】BI cant find my purse anywhere. You _ have lost it while shopping. A. may B. can C. should D. would【解析】结合语境可知，回答者是在提醒对方：或许购物时把钱包丢了。【答案】A（二）表达虚拟语气的情态动词对过去的一种结果的假设或虚拟，用情态动词+have done这一结构，常用的有以下几个情态动词：(1) should (not) / ought (not) to have done本（不）应该做某事，但却没有做或做了，含有责备或后悔之意。例如：Im sorry. I _at you the other day.Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself. A. shouldnt shout B. shouldnt have shoutedC. mustnt shout C. mustnt have shouted【解析】对不起，我那天本不应该对你大喊大叫的。【答案】B (2) could have done本来能够做某事但未做。例如：Thank you for all your hard work last week. I dont think we _ it without you. A. can manage B. could have managed C. could manage D. can have managed【解析】根据题干中所给出的时间last week可知我们已经做完了工作，已经完成，故排除A、C两项，再结合could have done表示虚拟语气以及与前面的I dont think，故说话者想表达的意思是：离开了你，我们本不可能完成这项工作。【答案】B(3) neednt have done本没有必要做某事但却做了。要注意neednt do则表达“没有必要去做某事”，时间上应该是现在或将来。例如：Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.Thanks. You _ it. I could manage it myself. A. neednt do B. neednt have done C. mustnt do D. shouldnt have done【解析】根据句意可知Catherine对对方为她打扫了房间表示感谢并提到对方不必为她打扫房间。【答案】B The boss has given everyone a special holiday, so we go to work tomorrow. A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. shouldnt【解析】老板给所有的员工放了假，所以我们明天不必再去上班。【答案】C(4)would (not) have done本来(不)会发生某事，但却（发生了）或没有发生。常用于虚拟条件句或含蓄虚拟条件引导的虚拟语气，表示对过去所发生事情结果的假设。例如：He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise, he _ a goal. A. had scored B. scored C. would score D. would have scored【解析】句中otherwise为含蓄条件，相当于if he had not hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball，这是对过去的一种虚拟假设。【答案】D(5) might have done表示“本来可能”，但实际上没有发生的事。例如：What a pity! Considering his ability and experience, he _ better. A. need have done B. must have doneC. can have done D. might have done【解析】真是可惜！考虑到他的能力和经验，他本来可以做得更好的。【答案】D（三）表达“情感、态度、语气” 等方面的情态动词1. must表达“情感、态度、语气”主要有以下用法：(1) 表示主观的义务和必要，主要用于肯定句和疑问句，意思为“必须，得，要”；由must引起的疑问句，肯定回答要用must或have to， 否定回答要用neednt或dont have to,意思是“不必”。另外，must与have to都可以表示“必须”这一含义。must表示一种主观的需要，而have to表示一种客观的需要，意思是“不得不”，其否定形式是don have to。 例如： -What sort of house do you want to have? Something big?-Well, it _ be big-thats not important. A. mustnt B. neednt C. cant D. wont 【解析】Something big?此处意为：Must it be big? 回答者的意思是：房子不必太大那并不重要。【答案】B (2) must的否定形式mustnt表示禁止，意思是“不能，不许”。例如：When I was young, I was told that I _ play with matches A. wouldnt B. neednt C. mustnt D. darent【解析】当我年轻的时候，（家人）就一直告诫我千万不要玩火柴。【答案】C(3) must用于条件句或疑问句中，可以用来表示责备、抱怨的感情色彩，意思为“偏要，硬要、干嘛”。例如：May I smoke here ?If you _, choose a seat in the smoking section. A. should B. could C. may D. mustJohn, look at the time. _ you play the piano at such a late hour?AMust BCan CMay DNeed【解析】must在这两道试题中均表示“非得，偏要”。【答案】 D A2. should(1) should应该，表示“责任和义务”。例如：According to the air traffic rules, you _ switch off your mobile phone before boarding. A. may B. can C. would D. should【解析】should此处表示根据交通法规应尽的责任和义务。【答案】D(2) 在虚拟条件句中用以加强假设语气，表示“与将来事实