高三英语units-3-4教案

高中三年级英语高中三年级英语 UnitsUnits 3 43 4 B3 B3 知识网络 一 重点词汇与短语 1 govern vt 控制 治理 The mayor governed the city very wisely Self interest governs all his actions government n 政府 政体 统治 governor 总督 省长 主管人员 the governing class 统治阶级 the governing body 董事会 理事会 2 as a consequence of 作为 的 结果 As a consequence of his laziness he was fired As a consequence the bitterest race hatrads broke out in Hungary 类似表达 in as a consequence of 由于 因 as a result of 因 3 break out 火灾 疾病 战争 暴乱等 突然发生 break away from 脱离 放弃 习惯等 打破 陈规 break into 破门而入 突然 起来 break in 闯入 打断 break up 拆散 分裂 分解 break down 毁掉 垮 身体垮下来 break off 折断 打断 用法注意 break out 一般不用于被动语态和进行时 4 round up 聚拢 征集 搜捕 The guide rounded up the tourists and took them back to the coach The teacher asked for the whole class to be rounded up 5 classify vt 编排 分类 classify sth according to by sth 依据 分类 classify sb sth as 归入 类 分等级 classify sb sth in into 把 归为 类 The books in the library are classified by subject 6 promote v 使晋升 促进 设立 发起 promote sb to sth 提升 擢升某人 promote foreign trade 促进对外贸易 promote a new product 促销新产品 7 reward n vt 报答 报酬 给报酬 奖赏 ask for reward 不图报酬 give a reward to sb for sth 为某事给某人报酬 offer a reward of 给酬金 as a reward for 作为对 的酬谢 reward sb for sth doing sth 因 报答某人 reward sb with by 用 酬谢某人 8 pass away 去世 逝世 pass by 走过 经过 忽视 pass sth down 常用于被动语态 一代一代传下去 pass sth on to sb 将某物传交给 某人 pass through sth 经历 一段时间 二 词义辨析 1 respect honour 与 regard 辨析 respect honour 与 regard 1 respect 尊敬 正式用语 指对父母 年长者 正直的人 学者 法律等的尊敬或 敬重 如 如 He respects his parents 他尊敬父母 2 honour 尊敬 非常尊敬 respect highly 指对君主 长辈 父母 贵人 德高 之人 正直之人 天神等的敬意 如 如 He was honoured as a man of courage 他被尊为勇者 3 regard 尊敬 指对父母 他人的感情 法律等的尊敬 We all regard our English teacher highly 我们都很尊敬我们的英语老师 2 be sure of 与 be sure to do be sure of 或 that 主语是人 主语感到 有把握 确信 be sure to do 主语可以是人或物 表示说话人推测 一定 必然会 如 如 He is sure of his success He is sure that he will succeed 他确信他会成功 主语 He 的信念 He is sure to succeed 他一定会成功 说话人的意见 It is sure to rain 天准会下雨 三 重点句型 1 It would be many years until Australia learnt to respect Aborigines and recognise the importance of a diverse society 很多年之后澳大利亚人才开始尊重土著人 并且意识到多样性社会的重要性 It would will be 段时间 until 从句是一个句型 表示 过多长时间才 如如 It would be 10 years until he knew the truth 十年之后他才得知真相 It will be 10 years until you understand 十年后你才会明白 2 In area it is approximately the same size as the USA without Alaska which however has more than fourteen times as many people 从面积上说 它大约同美国 不包括阿拉斯加 相当 而美国的人口却是澳大利亚的 十四倍多 As many people 后面省掉了 it has 注意倍数表达法 如如 A 是 B 的 X 倍 可表示如下 A be x times the size height length of B A be x times as big high long as B A be x 1 times bigger higher longer than B A be bigger higher than B by x 1 times 3 In his youth Charles Darwin enjoyed all the freedom to experiment and do whatever he liked 在年轻时代 查理斯 达尔文可以自由地做试验及他喜欢做的任何事 Whatever he liked 引导宾语从句 作 do 的宾语 四 语法复习 1 表语 一 表语的定义 表语用以说明主语的身份 特征和状态 它一般位于系动词 如 be become get look grow turn seem 等 之后 二 表语的表现形式 表语一般由名词 代词 形容词 分词 数词 不式式 动名词 介词短语 副词及 表语从句表示 1 名词 Our teacher of English is an American 我们的英语老师是美国人 He is an astronaut 他是一位宇航员 2 代词 Is this yours 这是你的吗 That s all I want to tell you 我要告诉你的就是这些 3 形容词 The weather has turned cold 天气变冷了 Guilin is the most beautiful city that I have ever visited 桂林是我到过的最美丽的城市 4 分词 The speech is exciting 这演讲激动人心 The teacher was pleased with my spoken English 老师对我的英语口语很满意 5 数词 Three times seven is twenty one 3 乘 7 等于 21 He is always the first to enter the office 他总是第一个进办公室 6 不定式 His job is to teach English 他的工作是教英语 Their plan is to finish the experiment in a week 他们的计划是一周内完成这项实验 7 动名词 His hobby is playing football 他的爱好是踢足球 My wish is studying law in a university 我的愿望是在大学学习法律 8 介词短语 The machine must be out of order 机器一定出毛病了 He is against our plan 他反对我们的计划 9 副词 Time is up The class is over 时间到了 下课 My father isn t in He is out 我父亲不在家 他出去了 10 表语从句 The truth is that he has never been abroad 实际情况是他从未出过国 2 宾语 一 宾语的定义 宾语表示动作的对象或行为的承受者 用在及物动词或相当于及物动词的短语动词之 后 可以作宾语的有名词 代词 数词 不定式 短语 名词化的形容词 ing 分词短 语 从句等 二 宾语的表现形式 1 名词 They went to see an exhibition yesterday 他们昨天去看了展览 He is going to buy a dictionary 他打算买本字典 2 代词 The heavy rain prevented me from coming to school on time 那场大雨使我未能准时到校上学 We should learn from him 我们应该向他学习 3 数词 How many dictionaries do you have 你有几本字典 I have five 我有 5 本 4 名词化的形容词或分词 They helped the old with their housework yesterday 他们昨天帮助老年人做家务 We should take the wounded to the hospital immediately 我们应该立刻把伤员送进医院 5 不定式 短语 He pretended not to see me 他假装没有看见我 She didn t know what to do next 她不知道下一步做什么 6 动名词 短语 I enjoy listening to popular music 我喜欢听游行音乐 He practises speaking English every day 他每天练习讲英语 7 从句 I think that he is fit for his office 我认为他称职 He asked me whose pronunciation was the best in the class 他问我班上谁的发音最好 三 宾语的种类 1 直接宾语 直接宾语表示动作的承受者或结果 通常指物 Lend me your dictionary please 请把你的字典借给我 Excuse me please Could you tell me the way to the railway station 对不起 请问到火车站怎么走 2 间接宾语 间接宾语表示动作所向的或所为的人或物 通常指人 间接宾语一般位于直接宾语之 前 也可位于直接宾语之后 但此时在它的前面须加介词 to The company sent us a few computers last year 公司去掉给我们送了几台计算机 He sent a birthday gift to me yesterday 昨天他送给我一份生日礼物 3 复合宾语 有些动词除了跟有宾语外 还需要一个词来说明宾语的身份或状态 以补充其意义的 不足 这样的词或短语叫做宾语补足语 宾语与宾语补足语一起就叫做复合宾语 它们在 逻辑上有主谓关系 如果直接宾语是不定式 动名词或从句 常用 it 作形式宾语 They elected him their monitor 他们选他当班长 代词 名词 I found the baby always happy 我发现这个婴儿总是很愉快的 名词 形容词 The next day he found himself in the hospital when he waked 当他第二天醒来时发现自己在医院里 代词 介词短语 I often ask him to help me with my English 我经常请他帮助我学英语 代词 动词不定式 I find it easy to answer this question 我发现回答这个问题是容易的 it 作形式宾语 4 介词宾语 位于介词后面的宾语称做介词宾语 In our school about three fourths of the students are from the north 我们学校 3 4 的学生来自北方 考点透视 考例精析 考例考例 1 1 It is reported that the United States uses energy as the whole of Europe A as twice B twice much C twice much as D twice as much 解析解析 本题考查倍数表达法 考比较等级及修饰语 表分数 倍数 百分数的修 饰语一般应放在比较等级的前面 详见前面解释 考例考例 2 2 You were silly not your car A to lock B to have locked C locking D having locked 解析解析 考非谓语动词 由句意可知 lock your car 的动作应该业已完成 故选择 D 项 考例考例 3 3 It was a pity that the great writer died his works unfinished A for B with C from D of 解析解析 考查 with 的复合结构 with 名词 过去分词通常在句中作伴随状语 考例 4 Don t be discouraged things as they are and you will enjoy every day of your life A Taking B To take C Take D Taken 解析解析 祈使句 and 将来时态的句子 if 条件句 将来时态的句子 考例考例 5 5 Before building a house you will have to the government s permission A get from B follow C receive D ask for 解析解析 ask for permission 是固定词组 意为 征求许可 征得同意 基础演练 一 据首字母 汉语提示 填词 完成句子 1 Her 同伴 share her interest in computers 2 The airplane s 目的地 is Pairs 3 T this sentence into the passive 4 Chinese is his 长项 5 He has a poor French 词汇量 6 What is the usual 手续 for setting up a new school 7 Exercise gave me an 食欲 8 The teacher 计算 the average mark of the class 9 They are preparing for war on a large 规模 10 Never judge a man by his 外貌 二 单项选择 1 Every government that refuses to meet the needs of its people must accept the A consequences B endings C results D outcome 2 In the first several years of our economic reform many military factories have been into civil ones in order to meet the needs of the country A altered B converted C transmitted D transformed 3 People in New York that their city is the most vital city in the world A announce B claim C state D pronounce 4 She her sister in appearance but not in character A looks B compares C resembles D equals 5 The two sides in the dispute still differ each other the question of pay A with over B with in C over with D on over 6 We should make a clear between the two scientific terms for the purpose of our discussion A distinction B discrimination C deviation D separation 7 It was said that she was going abroad at her own A money B expense C fund D charge 8 energy must be released in one form or another for example and earthquake A Gathered B Collected C Accumulated D Assembled 9 In countries where there are still not many schools education is a A power B privilege C program D promotion 10 Because of his achievements in the last year John was to a higher position A risen B promoted C lifted D grown 能力拓展 阅读下列短文 从每题所给的四个选项中 选出最佳选项 Sitting is an art that isn t getting passed along People these days feel as though they have to be doing something If they are not working they are jogging or playing tennis or golf or taking courses to improve their minds or bodies or they are parked in front of the TV Sitting in front of the TV isn t sitting it s watching People used to sit a whole lot You would walk down the street or drive down the road and there they would be out on the doorsteps sitting You could go down to the store and sit on the bench out front in the summer or around the fire in the winter There were sitting benches out in the town square At the garage there were straight backed chairs There among the oil cans and tires and spare parts you could kick back and sit Houses used to have sitting rooms where the grown ups would go after Sunday dinner Mom and Dad Grandpa and Aunt Ruby would sit and digest 消化 the fried chicken and talk about Aunt Ethel s illness and how well the minister did today Outside the children would play and the afternoon would pass by in a comfortable haze 悠闲的氛围 That sort of thing looks like doing nothing A recharging battery 正充电的电池 doesn t look as if it s doing anything either Sitting restores your soul If you want to enjoy a truly full life don t just do something sit there 1 What message does the author try to get through to us A People should make better use of their sit