新目标人教版八年级英语语法知识讲解比较级最高级_

1 重难点知识讲解 形容词的比较级和最高级形容词的比较级和最高级 一 比较级的定义 一 比较级的定义 大多数的形容词都有三个级别 原级 比较级 最高级 其中比较 级表示 更 用于两者之间的比较 用来说明 前者比后者更 比较级前面一般 用 much even a little 修饰 其中 even much 只能修饰比较级 二 比较级和最高级的构成 二 比较级和最高级的构成 1 规则变化 规则变化 单音节和部分双音节的形容词一般在词尾加 er est 例如 calm calmer calmest tall taller tallest smart smarter smartest 以字母 e 结尾的直接在词尾加 r st 例如 nice nicer nicest fine finer finest large larger largest 以辅音 y 结尾的词 变 y 为 i 再加 er est 例如 early earlier earliest happy happier happiest busy busier busiest 以重读闭音节的单个辅音字母结尾的词 双写辅音字母 再加 er est 例如 big bigger biggest thin thinner thinnest hot hotter hottest 多音节或部分双音节的形容词在原级前面加 more most 例如 popular more popular most popular important more important most important 2 不规则变化 不规则变化 少数形容词的比较级变化是不规则的 good better best bad ill worse worst many much more most little less least far farther further farthest furthest old older elder oldest eldest 注意注意 形容词前如加 less 和 least 则表示 较不 和 最不 如important 重要 less important 较不重要 least important 最不重要 三 比较级的用法三 比较级的用法 一一 当两个人或事物 当两个人或事物 A 和和 B 进行比较时 我们需要用到形容词 副词 的原级或者比 进行比较时 我们需要用到形容词 副词 的原级或者比 较级较级 1 表达表达 A 和和 B 一样一样 用 用 as as 的结构 的结构 公式公式 A be 动词 as 形容词原级 as B A 实义动词 as 副词原级 as B 例如 I am as tall as you 我和你一样高 He runs as fast as I 他跑得和我一样快 2 表达 表达 A 不如不如 B 用用 not as as 的结构 的结构 公式公式 A be 动词的否定形式 as 形容词原级 as B A 助词的否定形式 动词 as 形容词原级 as B 例如 I am not as tall as you 我没有你高 He doesn t run as fast as I 他没有我跑得快 2 表达表达 A 大于大于 B 用用 比较级比较级 than 的结构 的结构 公式公式 A be 动词 形容词比较级 than B A 实义动词 副词比较级 than B 例如 I am taller than you 我比你高 2 He runs faster than I 他跑得比我快 二二 关于形容词 副词比较级的更多用法关于形容词 副词比较级的更多用法 1 比较级前面可以加上表示 比较级前面可以加上表示 优劣程度优劣程度 的词或短语 意思是的词或短语 意思是 更更 得得 常见词有 常见词有 much a little even a lot a great deal 等 等 例如 He is much taller than I 他比我要高得多 I jump a little higher than he 我跳得比他高一点点 想一想 这些词能修饰形容词或副词的原级吗 2 比较级前面可以加上表示具体数量差别的结构比较级前面可以加上表示具体数量差别的结构 表示具体表示具体 大多少大多少 小多少小多少 长多少长多少 短多少短多少 等 等 例如 I am two years older than he 我比他大两岁 This building is 20 meters higher than that one 3 比较级比较级 and 比较级比较级 表示表示 越来越越来越 It is getting warmer and warmer 天气越来越暖和 He is running faster and faster 他跑得越来越快 0ur country is becoming more and more beautiful 我们祖国越来越美了 4 the more the more 表示表示 越越 就越 就越 The more the better 多多益善 The more careful you are the fewer mistakes you will make 你越细心 犯错就越少 5 the more of the two 表示表示 两个当中较 两个当中较 的一个 的一个 The taller of the two boys is my brother 四 当三个或三个以上的人或事物进行比较时 我们需要用到形容词 副词 四 当三个或三个以上的人或事物进行比较时 我们需要用到形容词 副词 的最高级的最高级 1 表达 是 中最 的 用 the 形容词 副词 的最高级 的结构 后面可以加上表示范 围的介词短语或从句 公式 主语主语 be 动词动词 the 形容词最高级形容词最高级 名词 名词 表示范围的介词短语或从句表示范围的介词短语或从句 主语主语 实义动词实义动词 the 副词最高级副词最高级 表示范围的介词短语或从句表示范围的介词短语或从句 例如 He is the tallest student in our class He jumps the highest of the three boys This is the best book that I have ever read 2 表示 最 的 中一个 用 one of the 最高级 复数名词 的结构来表达 例如 He is one of the best students in our class 他是我们班最好的学生之一 This is one of the most beautiful flowers in the garden 这是花园里最漂亮的花之一 3 the 最高级 名词 比较级 than any other 单数名词 例如 He is the best boy in our class He is better than any other boy in our class 注意 一 形容词的最高级前面有定冠词 the 而副词的最高级前面定冠词 the 可以 省略 但在形容词最高级前有物主代词时 不能要定冠词 the Miss Wu is our best teacher 二 常见的用来表示范围的介词有 in of among 3 五 五 运用形容词 副词比较级应当注意的问题 运用形容词 副词比较级应当注意的问题 一 按语法规则 than 后面的人称代词应当用主格 但口语当中有时会用宾格代替主格 例如 He is more careful than I me 二 只有同类的事物才能比较 例如 1 Her bag is bigger than mine 不能说不能说 Her bag is bigger than I 2 The weather of Kunming is much better than that of Shenyang 不能说不能说 The weather of Kunming is much better than Shenyang 语法专项练习题语法专项练习题 一 单项选择 1 That boy looks as as a boxer A strong B stronger C strongest D more strong 2 Then Summer Palace is than Zhong Shan park A biger B more big C the biggest D bigger 3 Which do you like apples or oranges A good B better C best D well 4 Oh the food is bad I think so And the service 服务 is A the worst B worse C badder D the worse 5 You are the same coat as I Yes Mine is but not so as yours A better expensive B better more expensive C much better more expensive D good more expensive 6 The experts think that India s population may be than China s 2020 A much by B more in C larger by D larger on 7 This year our school is than it was last year A much beautiful B the most beautiful C beautifuler D much more beautiful 8 you work knowledge you will get A The harder more B The harder the more C Harder the more D Harder more 9 He has friends than I A much more B many more C very more D too more 10 She draws better than A us all B we all C all us D all we 11 Shanghai is larger than city in China A any B any other C the others D any else 12 I m not sure whether Mary can sing Ann A as well as B as good as C as better as D so good as 13 I have fewer apples than 4 A he B his C hers D mine 14 The news is surprising A much B very C more D very much 15 The population of China is larger than A America B the one of Americas C that of America D Americans 16 Which is clothing store in your town A the best B the better C the most good D best 17 My sister is person I know A the funniest B the funnier C the most fun D funniest 18 Is Mr Du teacher in your school A the most busy B the busier C the most busiest D the busiest 19 He is more beautiful than I A too B enough C much D very 20 The box is heavy I can t move it A much B more C enough D too 21 The book is the one in the bookshop A the most cheap B the expensive C the most expensive D the less expensive 22 I have apples and milk than you A many little B more less C more least D many less 23 You should study English hard because it s getting in our country A more and more important B more important and more important C importanter and importanter D important and important 24 Her brother is than she A 7 year older B 7 year old C 7 years old D 7 years older 25 The Famous People Talent Show was one of that I hav