2019届奉贤区高三英语一模试卷

实用标准 文档 实用标准 文档 实用标准 文档 GrammarGrammar andand VocabularyVocabulary SectionSection A A To Be Joyful To Be Young What really works to make sustainable changes in diet and lifestyle It s probably not what you think In the past 30 years of conducting clinical research I 21 learn that real keys are pleasure joy and freedom Joy of living is sustainable fear of dying is not Why Because life is to be enjoyed There s no point 22 abandon something you enjoy unless you get something back that s even better and quickly When people eat more healthfully 23 quit smoking and manage stress better they find they feel so much better so quickly It reconstructs the reason for making these changes from fear of dying to joy of living When you exercise and eat right your brain receives more blood flow and oxygen so you become smarter have more energy and need less sleep Two studies showed just walking for three hours per week for only three months caused so many neurons 神经细胞 24 grow that it actually increased the size of people s brains Your face receives more blood flow so your skin glows more and wrinkles less You look younger and more attractive In contrast an unhealthy diet lasting emotional stress and smoking reduce blood flow to your face 25 you age more quickly Smoking speeds up aging because nicotine contributes to your blood vessel becoming narrower 26 decreases blood flow to your face and makes it wrinkle prematurely This is why smokers look years older than they really are One of the most interesting findings was that the mothers awareness of stress was more important than 27 was objectively occurring in their lives 28 give a questionnaire the women were asked to rate on a three point scale how stressed they felt each day The women who realized they were under heavy stress had significantly shortened and damaged telomeres 染色体端粒 compared with 29 who felt more relaxed Contrarily some of the women who felt relaxed 30 raising a disabled child had more normal appearing telomeres In other words if you feel stressed you are stressed SectionSection B B DirectionsDirections After reading the passage below fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box Each word can be used only once Note that there is one more word than you need A uprising B original C frequently D magnificent E feature F luxuriously G captured H approaches I inhabited J matters K ranks welcome to Windsor Castle Windsor Castle is the oldest and largest occupied castle in the world and the Official Residence of the Queen of Britain Over a period of nearly 1 000 years it has been 31 continuously and altered and redecorated by monarchs 君主 one after the other Some were great builders strengthening the Castle against 32 and rebellion others living in more peaceful times created a grand Royal residence William the Conqueror chose the site high above the river Thames and on the edge of a Saxon hunting ground It was a day s march from the Tower of London and intended to guard the western 33 to the capital The outer walls fo today s structure are in the same position as those of the 34 castle built by William the Conqueror in the 1070s The Queen uses the Castle both as a private home where she usually spends 实用标准 文档 the weekend ans as a Royal residence at which she undertakes certain formal duties Windsor Castle is 35 used by the Queen to host State Visits from overseas monarchs and presidents Every year the Queen takes up official residence in Windsor Castle for a month over Easter March April The Castle is huge so people tend to head for the most 36 bits the State Apartments ST George s Chapel the Gallery and the delightful Queen Mary s Dolls House Works of art antique furniture curiositics and impressive architecture reflect the tastes of many different royal generations The State Apartments are 37 decorated formal rooms still used for state and official functions The magnificent and beautiful St George s Chapel was started in 1475 by Edward IV and was completed 50 years later by Henry VIII It 38 among the finest examples of late medieval architecture in the UK The Drawings Gallery 39 the exhibition The Queen 60 Photographs for 60 Years The exhibition presents portraits of the Queen 40 in brief moments on both official occasions and at relaxed family gatherings ReadingReading ComprehensionComprehension SectionSection A A DirectionsDirections For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A B C and D Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context Nature and Nurture People have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behavior are formed However it is not easy to explain why one person is intelligent and another is not or why one is cooperative and another is 41 Social scientists are of course 42 interested in these types of questions They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and exhibit certain behavior There are no clear answers yet but two43 schools of thought on the matter have developed As one might expect the two approaches are very different from each other and there is a great deal of debated between 44 of each theory The controversy 争论 is often conveniently referred to as nature and nurture Those who 45 the nature side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are 46 determined by biological factors That our environment has little if anything to do with our abilities characteristics and behavior is 47 to this theory Taken to an extreme this theory states that our behavior is predetermined to such a great degree that we are almost completely governed by our 48 Supporters of the nurture theory or as they are often called 49 claim that our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts in determining how we will act A behaviorists s view of the human being is quite mechanistic They state that like machines humans respond to 51 stimuli 刺激 as the basis of their behavior Socially and politically the consequences of these two theories are 52 In the US for example blacks often score below white on standardized intelligence tests This leads some nature supporters to conclude that blacks are genetically lower in status than whites are Behaviorists 53 say that the differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often robbed of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy and that as a result they do not develop the same 54 that whites do Neither of these theories can yet fully explain human behavior As a matter of fact it is 实用标准 文档 quite 55 that the key to our behavior lies somewhere between these two extremes and that the controversy will continue for a long time is certain 41 A sensitive B productive C competitive D aggressive 42 A moderately B extremely C reluctantly D scarcely 43 A distinct B reliable C relevant D equal 44 A objectors B operators C opponents D advocates 45 A claim B support C resolve D inherit 46 A completely B largely C thoroughly D merely 47 A sensitive B open C central D subject 48 A abilities B capacities C personalities D instinct 49 A experts B scientists C environmentalist D behaviorists 50 A shaped B prioritized C oppressed D restricted 51 A environmental B biological C genetic D psychological 52 A temporary B slight C fatal D far reaching 53 A on the contrary B as a whole C after all D for instance 54 A habits B responses C characteristics D advantages 55 A necessary B impossible C unreasonable D likely SectionSection B B DirectionsDirections Read the following three passages Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements For each of them there are four choices marked A B C and D Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read A A I m a student in my fourth year of a biomedical science degree at Robert Gordon University in Aberdeen but I also work 38 hours a week at Sainsbury s to make ends meet I do three night shifts a week plus overtime if I can get it Monday is the most occupied day for me I work from 10 pm until 8 am on Saturday and Sunday nights earning just over 100 a night and then I have to be at my first lecture at 9 am on Monday By the time I finish lectures at 2 pm I m exhausted but I know I have to be back at work by 10 pm I constantly have to force myself to stay awake and to be alert whatever it takes A packet of Skittles and a Red Bull usually helps The work I do at Sainsbury s is very physical like stacking shelves I m lucky because I m an active person and the amount I lift at work is nothing compared with the weights I lift in the gym I know I have the strength to bear it I m originally from Nigeria I came here when I was seven growing up in Croydon south London Money was tight My parents gave me everything I needed but there was no money to spend on luxuries I worked hard at school though and with the help of GT Scholars I got some of the best A level grades in my class Unfortunately though I had applied for settled British residential status when very young the Home Office waited until I was in sixth form to approve my application That meant I wasn t eligible for a student loan The only way I could afford to go to university was that if I got a job that would pay for all my living costs and my parents who work in market research paid for my tuition fees In Scotland that s about 7 000 a year I don t have much time to socialize because of my job Ideally I would also like to have more time to study so I can excel at my course Yes I have a lot on my plate but working hard isn t new to me Growing up my parents and my mentors in the church and at GT Scholars cultivated in me the importance of working hard for what I want in life 实用标准 文档 My dream is to do an MA in physiotherapy next year and then get a job working for the NHS But right now I m just focused on trying to get the best grades I can Whenever I find life hard I tell myself this is about my future I don t need much but I would like to worry less about money and have more free time That is what I look forward to the most 56 Why does the author work long hours and sometimes overtime every week A To help his parents pay off the debts B To pay for his tuition fees C To prove his ability to earn money D To pay for his own living expenses 57 The underlined word eligible in the passage can be replaced by A responsible B qualified C feasible D anxious 58 According to the passage which of the following words can NOT be used to describe the author A Sociable B Diligent C Ambitious D Persistent 59 Which of the following proverbs can best summarize the passage A A penny saved is a penny earned B Actions speak louder than words C God helps those who help themselves D Where there is life there is hope B B Should you become a full stack web developer WhatWhat isis a a FullFull StackStack WebWeb Developer Developer A full stack web developer is well versed in both front and back end web developing With knowledge of what it means to build applications from start to finish a full stack developer can plan manage and build software with general know how A core difference between front and back end developers is that front end developers handle building the user interface aspect of a website while back end developers deal with internal tasks such as web servers applications and databases Combined they are responsible for building the technology and coding that makes a website function properly Both skillsets are crucial for being a well rounded web developer and will give you a leg up when applying for jobs If you like to learn new concepts and technologies frequently this is an excellent career path for you DemandDemand forfor FullFull StackStack WebWeb DevelopersDevelopers isis GrowingGrowing Because of the broad range of skills required to be a full stack web developer there are fewer candidates applying for positions leaving more opportunity for qualified candidates The job outlook for web developers is estimated to grow 13 by 2026 which is faster than the average rate for all occupations With a versatile and robust CV full stack web developers can make 87 661 on average GetGet StartedStarted TodayToday With our guide you will learn everything you need to know in order to succeed as a full stack web developer You can start from any level with little to no previous experience required and track your progress as you go Here s what you ll learn Build web applications and develop on both the front end and back end stacks Learn Ruby on Rails HTML CSS and JavaScript Develop web applications in Javascript using front end framework Angular and hybrid mobile applications with Apache Cordova Design RESTful Ruby on Rails web applications with MongoDB database integration 实用标准 文档 60 In which column of a newspaper can we most probably find this passage A Arts B Science technology C Courses D Business 61 Which of the following is TURE according to the passage A Front and back end developers both are responsible for such tasks as applications and databases B Fewer candidates apply for the position of being web developers due to high demand for skills C The job prospect for web developer isn t promising in the long run D You can t start to learn the course of being a full stack web developer unless you have some experience beforehand 62 What is the main purposes of this passage A To advertise for full stack web developers B To inform people of what is required to be a full stack web developer C To persuade people to take the courses which help to become a full stack web developer D To help people to explore the full stack web developer career guide C C The haunting paintings of Helene Schjerfbeck on show in the final leg of a travelling tour that has already attracted thousands of visitors in Hamburg and The Hague may come as a surprise to many Few outside the Nordic world would recognise the work of this Finnish artist who died in 1946 More people should The 120 works have at their core 20 self portraits half the number she painted in all The first dated 1880 is of a wide eyed teenager eager to absorb everything The last is a sighting of the artist s ghost to be Precociously gifted Schjerfbeck was 11 when she entered the Finnish Art Society s drawing school The Wounded Warrior in the Snow a history painting was bought by a private collector and won her a state travel grant when she was 17 Schjerfbeck studied in Paris went on to Pont Aven Brittany where she painted for a year then to Tuscany Cornwall and St Petersburg During her 1887 visit to St Ives Cornwall Schjerfbeck painted The Convalescent A child wrapped in a blanket sits propped up in a large wicker 柳条编制的 chair toying with a sprig 小纸条 The picture won a bronze medal at the 1889 Paris World Fair and was bought by the Finnish Art Society To a modern eye it seems almost sentimental 感伤 and is redeemed only by the somewhat stunned melancholy expression on the child s face which may have been inspired by Schjerfbeck s early experiences At four she fell down a flight of steps and never fully recovered In 1890 Schjerfbeck settled in Finland Teaching exhausted her she did not like the work of other local painters and she was further isolated when she took on the care of her mother who lived until 1923 If I allow myself the freedom to live a secluded life she wrote then it is because it has to be that way In 1902 Schjerfbeck and her mother settled in the small industrial town of Hyvinkaa 50 kilometres north of Helsinki Isolation had one desired effect for it was there that Schjerfbeck became a modern painter She produced still lives and landscapes but above all moody yet incisive portraits of her mother local school girls women workers in town I have always searched for the dense depths of the soul that have not yet discovered themselves she wrote where everything is still unconscious there one can make the greatest discoveries She experimented with different kinds of underpainting scraped and rubbed made bright rosy red spots doing whatever had to be done to capture the subconscious her own and 实用标准 文档 that of her models In 1913 Schjerfbeck was rediscovered by an art dealer and journalist Gosta Stenman Once again she was a success 64 Schjerfbeck s paintings may come as a surprise to many because A her paintings are rarely known outside the Nordic world B her paintings have never been on show out of the Nordic world C her paintings have the power to haunt people whoever have seen them D her paintings focus on supernatural elements such as ghosts 65 Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage A The Convalescent is in fact a portrait of Schjerbeck in her childhood B The Convalescent is a reflection of Schejerbeck s sentimental childhood C The Convalescent is made as a result of an accident in Schejerbeck s childhood D The Convalescent is featured by the child s stunned melancholy expression 66 Schejerbeck chose to live a secluded life mainly because of A she was exhausted by her teaching job B her personality prefers this kind of style C she could not appreciate the work of the other local painters D her mother s health condition required her to adopt such a life style 67 We can infer from the passage that the most outstanding characteristics of Schjerfbeck s paintings is A her vivid characterization of common people B her capture of the characters soul C the sorrowly expression of the characters D her unconscious sense of some mysterious elements SectionSection C C DirectionsDirections Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentences can only be used once Note that there are two sentences more than you need A An effective way that I have found to deepen my own patience is to create actual practice periods B You are more easily annoyed and bothered C It is generally believed that the quality of being patient is very difficult to develop D Becoming more patient involves opening your heart to the present m