book2知识点和作文

M 2 Unit 1 survive survive v 幸存 存活 继续存在 survival n 幸存 存活 survivor n 幸存者 survive the flood 在洪灾中幸存 survive sth 在 之后仍然生存 从 之中逃生 survive sb by 比 活的长 几年 survive from sth 从 中存活下来 流传下来 survive on 依靠 生存下来 design by design on purpose 有意 故意 design sb sth to do sth 打算让 做某事 design sb sth for 打算让 用作某种用途或目的 be designed for to do 打算做 计划做 doubt in doubt 怀疑 拿不定主意 without beyond no doubt 无意的 必定 There is no doubt about thatclause 毫无疑问 worth be well worth doing sth 非常 值得做某事 be worth the money effort a visit a try 值得花钱 努力 参观 试试 be worth it 值得一干 search search for 寻找 搜寻 search sb sth for 为了找到 而搜查某人 某处 search out 找出 查出 search high and low 四处寻找 belong belong with sb sth 某人 某物应该在某处 belong to 意为 属于 不用于进行时态和被动语态 学过的类似短语还有 consist of 组成 包括 date from date back to 追溯到 等 return in return for 作为对 的回报 作为回应 on one s return from 从 回来 in turn 反过来 反而 think think well much of 认为 好 对 评价高 think ill poorly little of 对 评价不高 不重视 think nothing of 不把 当回事 speak highly of 高度评价 高度赞扬 speak well ill of 说 好 不好 sing high praise for 高度赞扬 agree with agree to agree on 1 agree with 后跟 sb 或 sb s idea opinion view 等表示观点 意见的词 同意某人的意见 2 agree to 后跟 sth 表示同意 建议或安排等 3 agree on 则表示双方或多方商定 决定 达成共识 The majority agreed to his proposal 大多数人同意了他的建议 She doesn t agree with her husband on many things 在很多事情上 她和丈夫意见不统一 温馨提示 agree with 还可以表示 1 与 相 符 2 适合 某人的健康 口味等 doubt 1 doubt 用作名词 常与 about of 等介词连用 其 后也可接同位语从句 doubt 用在否定句中 后接 that 引导的同位语从句 用于肯定句中 后接 whether 等引导的同位语从句 2 doubt 用作动词 其后接名词 代词或宾语从句 在否定句和疑问句中 doubt 后接 that 引导的宾语 从句 在肯定句中 doubt 后接 whether 等引导的 宾语从句 unit 2 compete competition n 比赛 竞争 compete with against sb for sth 为争取某物而与某人对抗或竞争 compete for 为 而竞争 compete in 参加 比赛或竞争 in competition with 与 进行竞争 admit admit sth thatclause 承认 admit doing having done 承认 已经 做了某事 admit to doing sth 承认 admit sb to into 准许进入 准许加入 admit as 接纳 作为 It is admitted that 人们公认 replace replace sb sth take sb s place take the place of sb sth 取代或代替某人 某物 replace sb sth with by 用 代替某人 某物 charge charge sb for sth 收费 要价 charge sb with sth doing sth 指控 起诉 指责 in charge of 主管 看管 in the charge of 由 负责 掌管 free of charge 免费 take charge of 主管 负责 bargain bargain with sb about over for sth 就某事和某人讨价还价 bargain for bargain on 考虑到 估计到 make a bargain with sb 和某人达成协议 a real bargain 真正的便宜货 a good bad bargain 一笔合算 不合算的交易 deserve deserve to do 应该 deserve doing to be done 应该 值得 deserve consideration attention 值得考虑 注意 stand 短语短语 stand by 袖手旁观 站在一边 stand out 引人注目 显眼 stand up for 支持 维护 stand up to 勇敢地面对 经得起 stand on one s own feet 自立 不依靠他人 pick up 1 接收 信号 声音 图像等 2 偶然 听到 学会 3 辩认出 识别出 4 取回 买回 5 回到 重新开始 6 收拾 整理 7 开车 接人 搭载 8 改善 好转 9 捡起 used to do sth be used to doing sth be used to do as sth 1 used to do sth 过去常常做某事 现在已经不这 样做了 强调过去与现在的对比 2 be used to doing sth 习惯了某事 做某事 表状态 used get used to doing sth 习惯了某事 做某事 表动作 3 be used to do as sth 被用于做 被作 为 用 是 use 的被动结构 As well 1 as well 相当于 too 和 also 一般用于肯定句中 表示 也 又 还 而且 用于句尾 2 may might as well 表示针对某种情况提出较为 委婉的建议 意为 我们不妨 我们还是 吧 3 as well as 用作连词 连接两个相同的句子成分 如名词 代词 形容词 动词 介词 短语 等 意 为 不但 而且 既 又 Unit 3 way in one way in a way 在某种程度上 on one s way the way to 在 的路上 即将成为 all the way 一路上 一直 始终 by the way 顺便说一下 by way of 经由 某条道路 in the way 挡路 妨碍 in this that way 以这种 那种方式 in many ways 在很多方面 in no way 一点也不 决不 help There s no help for it 没办法 别无选择 help sb out 帮助某人渡过难关或摆脱困境 help sb with sth 帮助某人某事 help sb to do sth 帮助 某人 做某事 help oneself to sth 随便取用或食用某事物 watch watch for 留意 观察等待 watch out for 警惕或注意 提防 keep a watch on 监视 on off watch 在 不在值班 be under close watch 被严密监视 common common knowledge 人所共知的事实 common sense 常识 have in common 与 有共同之处 in common with 和 一样 like have little nothing in common 几乎没有什么 没有相同之处 advantage have an advantage of 有 有利条件 take advantage of 利用 欺骗 占 便宜 be at an advantage 处于优势 work be to one s advantage 对某人有利 all 的短语的短语 after all 毕竟 不管怎样 above all 最重要的 first of all 首先 in all 总共 all in all 总的说来 at all 根本 究竟 anyhow 1 anyhow 作 无论如何 即使如此 总之 讲时 与 anyway 一样 都用作让步状语从句 常与 but 连用 一般置于句中或句末 2 anyhow 作 况且 更何况 再说 至少 讲时 用作状语 表示对前面话作补充 给出一个令人信 服的理由 此时 anyhow 常出现在句首或最后一个 分句的句首 而不用于句末 3 当 anyhow 作 随意地 杂乱地 讲时 不能与 anyway 互换 arise rise raise 辨析 arise 是不及物动词 意为 出现 发生 起因于 其不规则动词变化形式为 arise arose arisen arising rise 也是不及物动词 意为 升起 上升 起身 增 长 其不规则动词变化形式为 rise rose risen rising raise 是及物动词 意为 提升 提高 举起 饲养 其动词变化形式为 raise raised raised raising Unit 4 mercy have mercy on sb show mercy to sb 怜悯 同情 可 怜某人 at the mercy of sb sth 对 无能为力 任由 摆布 without mercy 毫不同情 It s a mercy that 幸运的是 affect be greatly deeply affected by 被 深深打动 使 感到悲伤 be affected by heat cold 中暑 着凉 appreciate appreciate n pron v ing 感激 重视 I We would appreciate it if 假如 我 们 将不胜感激 友情提示 appreciate 作 感激 讲时 其宾语应为 表示事物的名词 而 thank 后接表人的名词或代词 succeed succeed in doing sth be successful in doing sth 成功地干某事 succeed to sth 继承某事物 succeed sb as 接替某人成为 employ employ sb in on sth 雇佣某人做某事 employ sb sth to do sth 雇佣某人 利用某物做某事 employ sb as 雇佣某人作 employ oneself in be employed in 从事于 忙于 harm do harm to be harmful to 对 有害 do sb harm do harm to sb 对某人有害 die 短语短语 die down 逐渐减弱 逐渐降低 静下来 die off 家族 种族等 相继死亡或灭亡 草木等 先 后枯死 die out 灭绝 习俗等 消失 die away 风 声音等 渐渐消失 逐渐减弱 die of 死于疾病 饥寒 情感 die from 死于疾病 饥渴 情感以外的原因 be dying for sth 渴望拥有 be dying to do sth 渴望做某事 danger 短语短语 full of danger 充满危险 out of danger 脱离危险 There is a danger of 有 的危险 Come 短语短语 come into fashion 开始流行 come into effect force 开始生效 实施 come into existence 开始存在 come into service use 开始被使用 loss make up a loss 弥补 补偿损失 suffer a loss of 蒙受损失 at a loss 不知所措 茫然 lose one s way lose oneself get lost 迷路 lose one s balance 失去平衡 lose a game 输掉比赛 lose oneself in be lost in 沉迷于 沉浸于 埋首 温馨提示 温馨提示 loss n 损失 遗失 丧失损失 遗失 丧失 Lose lost lost v 损失 遗失 丧失损失 遗失 丧失 失去失去 relief in relief 如释重负 松了一口气 a relief 减轻痛苦的事物 to one s relief 使某人宽慰的是 mercy 1 show no mercy to 2 a mercy n 幸运的事情 3 at the mercy of 4 without mercy 阻止阻止 短语短语 protect from against 保护 免受 的危害 prevent sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事 stop sb from doing sth keep sb from doing sth from 不可省略 forbid sb to do sth keep sb doing sth 让某人不断做某事 contain include 辨析 contain 意为 包含 含有 容纳 盛着某物 着重 指其中所容纳或承载的量 即可指所包含的的内容 或数量 也可指里面所包含的成分 contain 不用于 进行时态 include 意为 包含 包括 计入 用于表示被包含 者只是整体的一部分 including 为介词 放在所包 括的事物之前 included 为形容词 放在被修饰的 名词之后 1 protect from against 表示 保护 免受 的伤害或侵犯 在使用时应注意 在表示较大的灾 害如天灾 敌人入侵等时多用 protect against 而表示较小的事情时常用 protect from 2 prevent stop keep from doing sth 意为 阻 止 做某事 在 prevent stop from doing sth 中 的 from 在主动句中可以省略 而在被动句中不能省 略 keep from doing sth 中的 from 在任何情况下 都不能省略 Unit 5 pretend pretend thatclause 假装 pretend to be n adj 假装是 pretend to do sth 假装做某事 pretend to be doing sth 假装正在做某事 pretend to have done sth 假装做过某事 attach attach to 认为有 重要性 意义 附上 连接 attach importance value significance to 认为 有重要性 有价值 有意义 attach oneself to sb 与某人在一起 缠着某人 attach to sb sth 使 与 有关系 form form the habit of doing sth fall get into the habit of doing sth 养成做某事的习惯 in form 在形式上 in the form of 以 的形式 in any form 以任何形式 in good fine great form 状态良好 out of form 状态欠佳 take the form of 采取 的形式 honest be honest with sb 对某人坦诚 对某人说实话 be honest about to sth 对某事坦诚 be honest in doing sth 做事诚实 It is honest of sb to do sth sb is honest to do sth 某人做某事是诚实的 honestly honestly speaking 老实说 说真的 joke tell jokes 讲笑话 tell sb a joke 给某人讲一个笑话 have a joke with sb 与某人一起以某事取笑 make a joke jokes on sb 拿某人开玩笑 以某人为 笑柄 make a joke jokes of about sth 拿某事开玩笑 以 某事为笑柄 be get beyond a joke 超出开玩笑的程度 使人无法 接受 take a joke 经得起玩笑 开得起玩笑 rely rely on upon sb sth 依靠某人 某事物 rely on sb to do sth rely on one s doing sth 指望 相信某人做某事 rely on it that 指望 相信 rely on it 一定 确定 break break down 出故障 失败 垮掉 垮下来 分解 break in 破门而入 打断 谈话等 break into 强行闯入 突然 起来 break out 战争 火灾等 爆发 发生 无被动语态 break away from 脱离 挣脱 break off 中断 折断 break through 突围 突破 冲垮 克服 all 短语短语 after all 毕竟 终究 all in all 整体来说 总而言之 at all 疑问句 到底 究竟 否定句 一点也不 in all 合计 全部 break break up 破裂 解散 学校 期末放假 break up 拆开 结束 关系 关闭 公司 用武力 迫使放弃 break down 机器等 出故障 失败 身体 垮了 情不自禁 哭起来 break down 打倒 砸破 某物 破坏 消除 某 种感情 把 分类 分解 break off 断开 折断 停顿 中断 break in 闯入 强行进入 打断 插嘴 break into 强行进入 打断 break out 疾病 灾害等不好的东西 突然爆发 break through 冲过 取得突破 有重大发现 从云层 后露出 克服 战胜 honour be feel honoured 做某事 感到荣幸 have the honour of doing sth 得到某殊荣 有幸做某事 in honour of sb in sb s honour 为表示敬意 为了纪念某人 honour sb with sth for sth 因 而给予表扬 奖励 称号等 above all first of all first at first firstly 辨析 1 above all 是从重要性方面进行强调 指其重要性 在若干事物中位置最重要 意为 首先 最重要的是 2 first of all 也是强调重要性 但更多的侧重于事物 的顺序或次序 意为 首先 第一 3 first 意为 首先 第一 既可以强调次序 也可 以用来列举 4 at first 意为 起初 开始 侧重强调事物发生的 时间 相当于 at the beginning 5 firstly 用来列举若干事物时引出第一点 hit beat strike 这几个词均含有 打 之意 1 hit 常与 strike 换用 侧重有目标地猛击 强 调用力击中 另外 hit 还有 成功 的意思 2 beat 含义广泛 指连续打击 也指在游戏 竞赛或战争中打败对手 3 strike 多指急速或突然一次猛击 它还有 罢 工 钟敲了 下 等意思 stick to insist on 1 stick to 粘在 上 坚持原则 真理 观点 决定 计划等 2 insist on 坚持 坚决要求 其后多接动名词 或动名词的复合结构 如 The flour has stuck to her fingers and apron 面粉粘在她的手指和围裙上 She finds it impossible to stick to that vegetarian diet 她发现要坚持素食很难 Book 2 Unit 1 毫无疑问 这个属于李明的花瓶是一件珍贵的文物 这个花瓶取材竹子 设计奇特 是李明的一位艺术家 朋友送给他的圣诞礼物 作为回报 李明送了一枚 珍贵的邮票给他的朋友 可是 上周六 李明的花 瓶被偷了 这令他非常惊讶和伤心 目前 警方正 在努力寻找这个花瓶 但是 是否能找到还是一个 谜 There is no doubt that the vase belonging to Li Ming is a valuable cultural relic The vase made of bamboo was designed in a fancy style and was given as a Christmas gift by his friend an artist In return Li Ming gave a rare stamp to his friend But to his amazement and sorrow the vase was stolen last Saturday At present the police are trying their best to search for it However whether it can be found remains a mystery Unit 2 再过三个星期 张敏丽就要参加校运会了 她将 在三个项目中与其他班的选手争夺第一名 她承诺 将为自己也为班级荣誉拼搏 她知道做好准备工作 对取得胜利起重要作用 所以她请求老师提出建议 然后按照老师的建议积极训练 事实上 她果真获 得了三个第一名 在接受采访时 她承认训练很乏 味 很辛苦 但为班争光而作出的努力都是值得的 Zhang Minli was to join in the school sports meet in three weeks She would compete against the oponents from other classes in three events for the first place She promised that she would fight for herself as well as for the honour of her class She knew it played an important role in victory to get good preparations for the competitions so she asked the teacher for advice and then she took an active part in training As a matter of fact she did take the first place in the three events When interviewed she admitted that the training was boring and hard but the honour of the class deserves the struggle Unit 3 在科学技术的帮助下 我们人类现在过着比以 往更幸福的生活 以电脑发明为例 它不仅帮助我 们解决数学难题来节约时间 而且你也能把材料或 信息输进电脑通过网络与你的生意伙伴进行交流 另外它可以在程序员的操作下取代我们处理很危险 的工作 在某种程度上 他们的优势超过人类的优 势 这就是为什么人们创造一些有人工智能的机器 人来帮助我们人类的原因 然而 一些人担忧在高科技的滥用中会出现危 险的问题 就我个人而言 我不同意这点 不管怎 样 这些技术可以弥补我们的不足并且帮我们做很 多事情 如果不是这样的话 我们为什么要创造和 发展它们呢 With the help of science and technology we human race are now living a much happier life than before Take the invention of the computer for example it not only helps us solve difficult mathematical problems to save time but you can also type any material or information into your computer to communicate with your teammates on your business by the network Besides it can take the place of us to deal with many dangerous situations under the control of the programmers In a way their advantages are over humans and this is why people create some robots with artificial intelligence to help us human beings Unit 4 我们应该关注野生动物的保护问题 因为目前它 们要么濒临灭绝 要么处于危险之中 一方面 为了 获取食物或动物身上厚厚的皮 人们捕猎动物 另 一方面 人们不能与一些他们认为很凶猛的动物很 好相处 常常置它们于死地 这就使得野生动物面 临危险 为了保护它们不至于灭绝 建立野生动物保护区 很有必要 只要这些措施有效 物种会逐渐安全地 得到发展 We should pay attention to the problem of the protection of wildlife because at present they are dying out or in danger On one hand people hunt animals for food or for the thick furs On the other hand people can not get along well with wildlife which they think are fierce and attack them to death which will endanger the wildlife In order to protect the wildlife from extinction it is necessary to set up wildlife reserves As long as the above measures are effective the species will develop gradually and safely Unit 5 说实话 我喜欢音乐 摇滚乐 爵士乐 尤 其喜欢流行乐而且我总是梦想当一名音乐家 我想 象着有一天我成了一名歌手站在舞台上表演 有歌迷 为我鼓掌 而且一个默默无闻的我居然一夜成名 如果梦想成真 我会赚很多的钱 而且获得很高的 声誉 以后 我会变成一位演员 一位名演员 事实上 想成为歌手或音乐家 我必须有音 乐天赋或创作歌曲的能力 但是尤其重要的是我必 须有柔和或低沉的嗓子 问题就在这里 不然的话 我就不会站在这里 向过路人开玩笑 并且靠乞讨 为生 嘿嘿 To be honest I like music rock n roll jazz especially pop songs and I am always dreaming of being a musician I imagine that some day I would become a singer standing on the stage and performing with the fans clapping and an unknown one hit the world overnight If the dream really comes true I will earn a lot of money and get great reputation Afterwards I will be an actor a famous actor As a matter of fact to be a singer or musician I should have a talent for music or have the ability of composing a song But above all I should have a soft or deep voice That is the problem Or else I won t stand here play jokes with the passers by and beg money for my life Hey hey Book one Unit 1 2011 湖北高考 请根据以下提示 结合你校园生 活中的一个事例 就与人合作这一话题 用英语写 一篇短文 Working in groups at school is an opportunity to learn about teamwork Teamwork shows us how other people s roles fit the purpose of the group and it teaches to be patient and how to respond to different people 注意 1 无须写标题 不得照抄英语提示语 2 除诗歌外 文体不限 3 内容必须结合校园生活中的一个事例 4 文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称 5 词数为 100 左右 满分作文 Years of school life has taught me a lot of things of which teamwork is the most important for me In fact I didn t realize its importance until I was chosen monitor of my class in my senior middle school At first I did most of the duties myself while other students cared little about class activities As a result I was tired out and depressed Then I turned to my teacher and he advised me to cooperate with others Thus I began to recognize the strengths of my classmates and have everyone do their part in class It is working in teams instead of on my own that has freed me of trouble and made my work more efficient Unit 2 2011 全国卷 假定你是李华 你所喜爱的 Global Mirror 周报创刊五周年之际征集读者意见 请你依据以下内容给主编写封信 内容主要包括 1 说明你是该报的忠实读者 2 赞赏该报优点 1 兼顾国内外新闻 2 介绍名人成功故事 3 提出建议 刊登指导英语学习的文章 满分作文 Dear EditorinChief Congratulations on the 5th anniversary of Glob al Mirror I m a regular reader of your newspaper I like it very much mainly for the following two reasons First it covers both national and international news so that by simply turning the pages I can learn all important things that have happened during the week Equally attractive are the success stories of worldfamous people which help me understand how a person can work hard to make the world a better place As a young student I suggest that Global Mirror carry articles to guide us in our English learning and I hope that it will become even more popular Sincerely yours Li Hua Unit 3 2011 江西高考 假设你是星光中学的李华 将参加 主题为 Let s Ride Bicycles 的英语演讲比赛 请撰 写一份演讲稿 主要内容包括 1 目前汽车带来的空气污染和交通堵塞等问题 2 骑自行车的益处 如节能环保 有利健康等 参考词汇 低碳生活 lowcarbon life 节能 energy saving 满分作文 Good morning everyone I am Li Hua from Xingguang Middle School Th e topic of my speech is Let s Ride Bicycles As is known to all with the improvement of people s living standards cars have become a popular means of transport bringing great convenience to our life However they have also caused some problems such as air pollution and traffic jams How can we solve the problems then As far as I m concerned riding bicycles is a good solution For one thing bicycles don t need any petrol and they are energysaving For another bicycles are environmentally friendly because they won t give off waste gas What s more riding bicycle is a good way for us to exercise and it is beneficial to our health Therefore let s take the responsibility to build up a lowcarbon city by riding bicycles Come on and join us Thank you Unit 4 2011 福建高考 为纪念汶川大地震三周年 某英文 报发起关于灾区新貌的征文活动 请根据以下图片 提示 以 Great Changes 为题 用英语写一篇短文 应征 内容要点如下 1 某中学灾后三年来的变化 如教学与活动场所 以及师生精神面貌等 2 发生变化的原因 3 你的感想 满分作文 Great Changes I am deeply impressed by the great changes t hat have taken place in the school over the p ast three years On May 12 2008 a severe earthquake destroyed almost everything in the school leaving badlydamaged buildings It is now however taking on a new look Tall buildings have been put up including classroom and laboratory buildings and a library There is also a newlybuilt standard playground In the new environment teachers and students are living happily and working hard It is really amazing that the onceruined place has now been turned into a beautiful school full of life Obviously without the help of the whole society there would be no new school today It is love and concern that have brought about the great changes Many hands make light work We can work wonders if we unite as a family caring for each other and helping those in need Union is strength Unit 5 2011 陕西高考 假定你是中学生李华 在一位名叫 TigerMom 的学生家长的博客上 你看到如下内容 请你根据博客内容 写作要点和要求 给这位家长 回复 I m the mother of a fourteenyearold I have a rule for my daughter be among the top 5 students or get punished in one way or another She has been doing very well in school but some friends of mine keep telling me that I put too much pressure on her Am I wrong 写作要点 1 表明自己的看法 2 陈述自己的理由 可举例说明 3 提出至少两条建议 Hi TigerMom What puzzles you is actually a puzzle for man y parents in China My idea is that it is not quite right for you to do so Although high grades are an important factor in evaluating students and for their future university admission development in wisdom emotion health and life attitude should never be ignored There are many examples around us Some allA students in school have turned out to be not successful in society as they were expected The reason is often that the pressure from their parents allows them almost no time for other activities Furthermore punishment is by no means a wise choice to help them grow up mentally and physically So I suggest that you take your friends advice More importantly let her live like a lovely girl let her have more friends and social activities and let her make mistakes of her own as we teenagers often do Global Shortage of Fresh Water Many people believe that the world s supply of fresh water will never be used up They think that fresh water comes from such a variety of sources that it is always sufficient for use Such an opinion leads to a shocking waste of water As a matter of fact the earth is short of fresh water Furthermore with the rapid growth of the world population the rising demand for water by industry and the serious pollution of our surroundings th