2013新版新目标八年级上册英语1-10单元短语语法句型及作文整理(1)

1 Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation 惯用法 1 buy sth for ab buy sb sth 为某人买某物 2 taste adj 尝起来 3 nothing but V 原形 除了 之外什么都没有 4 seem to be adj 看起来 5 arrive in 大地方 arrive at 小地方 到达某地 6 decide to do sth 决定做某事 7 try doing sth 尝试做某事 try to do sth 尽力做某事 8 enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事 9 want to do sth 想去做某事 10 start doing sth 开始做某事 11 stop doing sth 停止做某事 12 look adj 看起来 13 dislike doing sth 不喜欢做某事 14 Why not do sth 为什么不做 呢 15 so adj that 从句 如此 以至于 16 tell sb not to do sth 告诉某人 不要 做某事 17 keep doing sth 继续做某事 18 forget to do sth 忘记去做某事 forget doing sth 忘记做过某事 短语 go on vacation stay at home go to the mountains go to the beach visit museums go to summer camp quite a few study for go out most of the time taste good have a good time of course feel like go shopping in the past walk around too many because of one bowl of find out go on take photos something important up and down come up 语法 Where did you go on vacation I went to New York City Did you go out with anyone No No one was here Everyone was on vacation Did you buy anything special Yes I bought something for my father How was the food Everything tasted really good Did everyone have a good time Oh yes Everything was excellent 词语辨析 1 anywhere 与 somewhere 两者都是不定副词 anywhere 在任何地方 常用于否定句和疑问句中 I can t find it anywhere somewhere 在某处 到某处 常用于肯定句 I lost my key somewhere near here 2 2 seem 形容词 看起来 You seem happy today seem to do sth 似乎 好像做某事 I seem to have a cold I seems seemed 从句 看起来好像 似乎 It seems that no one believe you seem like 好像 似乎 It seems like a god idea 3 decide to do sth 决定做某事 They decide to visit the museum decide 疑问词 动词不定式 He can not decide when to leave 4 start doing sth start to do sth 开始 可与 begin 互换 He started doing his homework 但以下几种情况不能用 begin 1 创办 开办 He started a new bllkshop last month 2 机器开动 I can t start my car 3 出发 动身 I will start tomorrow morning 5 over 介词 多于 超过 在 以上 表示数目 程度 more than My father is over 40 years old 在 之上 与物体垂直且不接触 与 under 相反 There is a map over the blackboard 超过 I hear the news over the radio 遍及 I want to travel all over the world 6 too many 太多 后接可数名词复数 Mother bought too many eggs yesterday too much 太多 修饰不可数名词 修饰动词作状语 We have too much work to do Don t talk too much much too 太 修饰形容词或副词 The hat is much too big for me You re walking much too fast 分辨三者的口诀 too much much too 用法区别看后头 much 后接不可数 too 后修饰形或副 too many 要记住 后面名词必复数 7 because of 介词短语 因为 由于 后接名词 代词或动名词 不能接句子 He can t take a walk because of the rain because 连词 因为 引导状语从句 表示直接明确的原因或理由 I don t buy the shirt because it was too expensive 用anyone something anything everything nothing everyone no one 填空 1 Linda Did you do fun on your bacation Alice Alice Yes I did I went to Sanya Linda How did you like it Alice Well it was my first time there so was really interesting Linda Did you go with Alice Yes I did I went with my sister Linda Did you go shopping Alice Of course I bought for my parents But for myself Linda Why didn t you buy for yourself Alice I didn t really see I liked 2 Dear bill How was your vacation Did you do interesting Did in the family go with you I went to a friend s farm in the countryside with my family was great We fed some hens and saw some baby pigs They were so cute The only problem was that there was much to do in the evening but read Still seemed to be bored Byefor now Mark 3 Composion What a difference a day makes My father and I decided to go to Penang Hill today We wanted to walk up to the top but then it stared raining a little so we decided to take the train We waited over an hour for the train because there were too many people When we got to the top it was raining really hard We didn t have an umbrella so we were wet and cold It was terrible And because of the bad weather we couldn t see anything My father didn t bring enough money so we only had one bowl of rice and some fish The food tasted great because I was so hungry Unit 2 How often do you exercise 惯用法 1 help sb with sth 帮助某人做某事 2 How about 怎么样 好不好 3 want sb to do sth 想让某人做某事 4 How many 可数名词复数 一般疑问句 有多少 5 主语 find that 从句 发现 6 It s adj to do sth 做某事是 的 7 spend time with sb 和某人一起度过时光 8 ask sb about sth 向某人询问某事 9 by doing sth 通过做某事 10 What s your favorite 你最喜欢的 是什么 11 start doing sth 开始做某事 12 the best way to do sth 做某事的最好方式 短语短语 help with housework go shopping on weekends how often hardly ever once a week twice a month go to the movies every day use the Internet be free have dance and piano lessons swing dance play tennis stay up late at least go to bed early play sports be good for go camping in one s free time not at all the most popular such as go to the dentist more than old habits the hard less than 语法要点 What do you usually do on weekends I always exercise What do they do on weekends They often help with housework What does she do on weekends She sometimes goes shopping How often do you go to the movies I go to the movies maybe once a month How often does he watch TV He hardly ever watches TV 4 Do you go shopping No I never go shopping 词语辨析 1 how often 多久一次 用来提问动作发生的频率 回答用 once twice three times 等词语 How often do you play sports Three times a week how long 多长 用来询问多长时间 也可询问某物有多长 How long does it take to get to Shanghai from here How long is the ruler how for 多远 用来询问距离 指路程的远近 How far is it from here to the park It s about 2 kilometers 2 free 空闲的 有空的 反义词为 busy be free 有空 闲着 相当于 have time I ll be free next week I ll have time next week 还可作 免费的 自由的 解 be free to do sth 自由地做某事 The tickets are free You re free to go or to stay 3 How come 怎么会 怎么回事 表示某件事情很奇怪 有点想不通 可单独使用 也可引导一个问 句 相当于疑问句 why 但 how come 开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍然是陈述语序 How come Tom didn t come to the party Why didn t Tom come to the party 4 stay up late 指 熬夜到很晚 迟睡 Don t stay up late next time stay up 指 熬夜 不睡觉 He stayed up all night to write his story 5 go to bed 强调 上床睡觉 的动作及过程 但人不一定睡着 I went to bed at eleven last night go to sleep 强调 入睡 睡着 进入梦乡 She was so tired that she went to sleep soon 6 find 宾语 名词 发现 We have found him to be a good boy find 宾语 形容词 发现 He found the room dirty find 宾语 现在分词 发现 I found her standing at the door 7 percent 百分数 基数词 percent percent 没有复数形式 作主语时 根据所修饰的名词来判断 谓语的单复数 Forty percent of the students in our class are girls Thirty percent of time passed 8 more than 超过 多于 不仅仅 相当于 over 在句型转换中考查两者的同义替换 反义词组为 less than I lived in Shanghai for more than over ten years 9 afraid 形容词 担心的 害怕的 在句中作表语 不用在名词前作定语 I m afraid we can t come here on time be afraid of sb sth 害怕某人 某事 be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事 Some children are afraid of the dark Don t be afraid of asking question I m afraid 从句 恐怕 担心 I m afraid I have to go now 10 sometimes sometime some times some time 的区别 sometimes 频度副词 有时 表示动作发生的不经常性 多与一般现在时连用 可位于句首 句中或句 末 Sometimes I get up very early How often do you get up sometime 副词 某个时候 表示不确切或不具体的时间 常用于过去时或将来时 对它用疑问词 when I will go to Shanghai sometime next week When will you go to Shanghai next week some times 名词词组 几次 几倍 其中 time 是可数名词 对它提问用 how many times I have read the story some times How many times have you read the story some time 名词短语 一段时间 表示 一段时间 时 句中谓语动词常为延续性动词 提问时用 How long I ll stay here for some time How long will you stay here 用 do does 完成问题并配对 1 How often he play soccer a Yes She usually does 2 you drink milk b Hardly ever I don t like them 5 3 How often they stay up late c He plays at least twice a week 4 Sue eat a healthy breakfast d No they don t They re too busy 5 How often you eat apple e Never They always go to bed early 6 your parents play sports f Yes I do Every day What do No 5 High School Students do in their free time Last month we asked our students about their free time activities Our questions were about exercise use of the Internet and watching TV Here are the results We found that only fifteen percent of our students exercise every day Forty five percent exercise four to six times a week Twenty percent exercise only one to three times a week And twenty percent do not exercise at all We all know that many students often go on line but we were surprised that ninety percent of them use the Internet every day The other ten percent use it at lease three or four time a week Most students use it for fun and not for homework The answers to our questions about watching television were also interesting Only two percent of the students watch TV one to three times a week Thirteen percent watch TV four to six times a week And eighty five percent watch TV every day Although many students like to watch sports game shows are the most popular It is good to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows but we think the best way to relax is through exercise It is healthy for the mind and the body Exercise as playing spots is fun and you can spend time with your friends and family as you play together And remember Old habits die hard So stat exercising before it s too late Unit 3 I m more outgoing than my sister 句型 句型 Both Sam and Tom can play the drums but Sam plays them better than Tom That s Tara isn t it Are you as friendly as your sister I m shy so it s not easy for me to make friends 短语归纳 1 more outgoing 2 as as 3 the singing competition 4 the most important 5 be talented in music 6 the same as 7 care about 8 be different from 9 be like a mirror 10 as long as 11 bring out 12 get better grade 13 reach for 14 touch one s heart 15 in fact 16 make friends 17 be good at 18 the other 19 be similar to 20 be good with 短语用法 1 have fun doing sth 享受做某事的乐趣 2 want to do sth 想要做某事 3 as 形容词或副词的原级 as 与 一样 4 be good at doing sth 擅长做某事 5 make sb Do sth 让某人做某事 6 6 It s 形容词 for sb To do sth 对某人来说 做某事是 的 读对话 找出比较级划线 A That s Tara isn t it B No it isn t It s Tina Tina is taller than Tara And she also sings more loudly than Tara Julie Did you like the singing competition yesterday Ann Anna Oh it was fantastic Nely sang so well Julie Well I think Lisa sang better than Nely Anna Oh which one was Lisa Julie The one with shorter hair I think she sang more clearly than Nely Anna Yes but Nely danced better than Lisa Julie You can tell that Lisa really wanted to win though Anna Well everyone wants to win But the most important thing is to learn something new and have fun 语法知识 Is Tom smarter than Sam No he isn t Sam is smarter than Tom Is Tara more outgoing than Tina No she isn t Tina is more outgoing than Tara Are you a friendly as your sister No I m not I m friendlier Does Tara work as hard as Tina Yes she does Who s more hardworking at school Tina thinks she works harder than me 词语辨析 laugh v 说到某事持续多久则 用 for 说到某事具体发生的时间用 in We visited many places of interest during the summer holiday I ve been here for two weeks They usually leave school in July 一般将来时结构 肯定式 主语 will shall 动词原形 其他 will 用于各种人称 shall 用于第一人称 主语 be going to 动词原形 其他 be 随人称 数和时间的变化而变换 否定式 在 will shall be 后面加 not will not won t 一般疑问句 将 will shall be 提到主语前面 There be 句型的一般将来时 There will be 主语 其他 意为 将会有 一般疑问句形式为 Will there be 主语 其他 肯定回答是 Yes there will 否定回答是 No there won t 否定形式是 There won t be 主语 其他 将不会有 特殊疑问句是 疑问词 词组 一般疑问句 When will there be a nice basketball match Traveling to space is no longer just a dream Russia the first hotel in space in the near future A builds B will build C built D has built There a football match on CCTV 5 at nine tomorrow evening A will have B is going to be C is having In 50 years there more robots in people s homes A were B will have C will be D have Will people live to be 300 years old A No they aren t B No they won t C No they don t D No they can t They any classes next week A will have B won t have C have D had Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk 16 shake 短语 milk shake turn on pour into a cup of yogurt a good idea on Saturday cut up put into one more thing a piece of at this time a few fill with cover with one by one a long time 短语用法 How many 可数名词复数 How much 不可数名词 let sb do sth want to do sth forget to do sth how to do sth There are many reasons for 一段时间 ago by doing sth need to do sth make 宾语 形容词 It s time for sb to do sth First Next Then Finally 句型 Turn on the blender How do you make a banana milk shake How many bananas do we need How much yogurt do we need Now it s time to enjoy the rice noodles 语法 How do you make a banana milk shake First peel the banana Next put the banana in the blender Then pour the milk into the blender Finally turn on the blender Countable nouns Uncountable nouns How many bananas do we need How much yogurt do we need We need three bananas We need one cup of yogurt 主谓一致判断法 不可数名词作主语时 谓语动词用单数 动名词或动词不定式作主语时 谓语动词用单数形式 either or neither nor not only but also 连接两个名词或代词作主语时 谓语动词与邻近的名词 或代词在人称和数上保持一致 在 here there 开头的倒装句中 谓语动词与后面的名词在数上保持一致 作文作文 Thanksgiving in the United States In most countries people usually eat traditional food on special holidays A special day in yhe United States is Thanksgiving It is always on the fourth Thursday in November and is a time to give thanks for food in the autumn At this time people also remember the first travelers from England who came to live in America about 400 years ago These travelers had a long hard winner and many of them died In the next autumn they gave thanks for life and food in their new home These days most Americans still celebrate this idea of giving thanks by having a big meal at home with their family The man dish of this meal is almost always turkey a large bird Making a turkey dinner Here is one way to make turkey for a Thanksgiving dinner First mix together some bread pieces onions salt and peper Next fill the turkey with this bread mix Then put the turkey in a bot oven and cook it for a few hours 17 When it is ready place the turkey on a large plate and cover it with gravy Finally cut the turkey into thin pieces and eat the meat with vegetables like carrots and potatoes 词语辨析 turn on 打开 接通 电源 气 水 反义词是 turn off turn up turn down 调高 低音量 pour into 将 倒入 灌入 into 是 进入 in 是 在 内 在 put throw break lay fall 等动词之后 既可用 in 也可用 into 但 in 可作副词 into 不能 He put all the books in into the bag Come in 3 有关 make 的短语 make the bed 铺床 make tea 沏茶 make trouble 惹麻烦 make money 赚钱 make a decision 做决定 make a telephone call 打电话 make a visit 拜访 make a mistake 犯错误 make a noise 弄出噪音 make a living 谋生 make sure 务必 4 one more thing another one thing 基数词 more 名词 another 基数词 名词 5 fill with 用 填充 be filled with be full of 充满 The boy filled the bottle with sand The bag was full of clothes 6 cover with 用 把 覆盖 be covered with 被 所覆盖 cover n 封面 盖子 Ann covered her face with her hands The cover of the magazine is nice 7 It s time for sb to do sth 到某人做某事的时候了 It s time for sth 到做某事的时候了 Unit 9 Can you come to my party 短语 on Saturday afternoon have to prepare for go to the doctor have the flu help my parents come to the party meet my friend go to the party too much homework go to the movies another time last fall hang out after school on the weekend study for a test visit grandparents the day before yesterday the day after tomorrow have a piano lesson look after accept an invitation turn down an invitation take a trip at the end of this month look forward to the opening of reply in writing go shopping do homework go to the concert not until 短语用法 invite sb to do sth What a an 形容词 可数名词单数 主语 谓语 help sb to do sth What 形容词 名词复数 不可数名词 主语 谓语 be sad to do sth see sb to do sth see sb doing sth the best way to do sth have a surprise party for sb look forward to doing sth reply to sth sb What s today What s the date today What day is it today 句型 Can you come to my party on Saturday afternoon Sure I d love to Sorry I can t I have to prepare for an exam 语法 Can you come to my party on Saturday Sure I d love to Sorry I must study for a math test Can you go to the movie tomorrow Sure That sound great I m afraid not I have the flu night Can he go to the party No he can t He has to help his parents 18 Can she go to the baseball game No she s not available She must go to the doctor Can they go to the movie No they re not free They might have to meet their friends 作文 Dear classmates As I m sure you know by now Our favorite teacher Ms Steen is leaving soon to go back to the US We re very sad that she s leaving because she is a fun teacher To show how much we re going to miss her let s have a surprise party for her next Friday the 28th Can you come to the party If so can you help with any of these things Please tell me by this Friday Dear Parents I would like to invite you to the opening of our new library at No 9 High School The opening will be on the morning of Wednesday January 8th at 9 00 After this you can enjoy our school concert Then lunch will be in the school hall at 12 00 I would also like to invite each parent to bring one book as a gift for the new library Please reply in writing to this invitation by Friday December 20th Larry Smith Headmaster Who is making the invitation What is the invitation for When will the event happen What will happen after this Do parents have to bring anything How should people reply to this invitation and when 补全对话 A Hi Peter you come to my party the weekend B Sure love to A How about Jenny C I m afraid I I to look after my little cousin A you come Jeff D I be able to but I m not sure let you know tomorrow 词语辨析 prepare 意为 准备 强调准备的动作与过程 宾语是这一动作的承受者 其后也可接双宾语 还可接不 定式 prepare for sth 为 准备好 for 的宾语不是动作的承受者 而是表示准备的目的 即所要应付的 情况 prepare to do sth 准备做某事 prepare 强调准备的动作与过程 宾语是这一动作的承受者 其后也可接双宾语 还可接不定式 get be ready 意为 准备好 强调准备的结果 常见结构有 be ready for sth get sth ready be ready for sth be get ready to do 准备干某事 乐于干某事 We the mid term examination Miss Li said Everyone should before class 2 have the flu 患感冒 have a cold 感冒 have a cough 咳嗽 have a fever 发烧 have a sore throat 喉咙痛 have a headache 头痛 have a toothache 牙痛 3 hang out 常去某处 泡在某处 hang on 紧紧抓住 hang about 闲荡 hang up 挂电话 悬挂 挂起 4 catch you bye bye catch a cold 感冒 catch sb s eye 引起某人注意 catch the train 赶 上火车 catch up with 赶上 跟上 catch hold of 抓住 5 accept 接受 反义词为 refuse accept 指主观上愿意接受 receive 收到 指客观上收到或拿到 19 但主观上不一定会接受 I received his gift yesterday but I wouldn t like to accept it turn down refuse 拒绝 turn up 放大 调高 turn over 翻身 take turns 依次 轮流 help sb to do sth 帮助某人做某事 help sb with sth 在某方面帮助人 help oneself to sth 随便吃 at the end of 在 末尾 在 尽头 by the end of 到 末为止 in the end of 终于 surprised 形容词 感到意外的 主语是人 be surprised to do sth 对做某事感到意外 surprising 形容词 令人惊讶的 主语是物