高二英语上学期第13周教学设计（名词性从句）.doc

名词性从句教学设计课题语法运用：名词性从句课时1考点、知识点掌握名词性从句的用法学习目标名词性从句（一、二、三层）；重、难点1. 重点：名词性从句的用法（一、二、三层）；2. 难点：名词性从句的连接词的使用，和定语从句的区别（一、二、三层）。学习环节和内容学生活动建议教师活动建议调整记录一.名词性从句的含义及连接词名词性从句的含义: 在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。引导名词性从句的连接词可分为四类：1. that（无含义，不充当成分） 2. whether, if（有“是否”的含义，但不充当成分）3. 连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which, whichever.（在从句中做主语、宾语、表语和定语）连接副词：when, whenever, where, wherever, how, however, why（在从句中做状语）4. as if, as though, because（不充当成分，在名词性从句中只引导表语从句）二.四类名词性从句语法要点1.主语从句在整个句子中用作主语的从句叫主语从句。What he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.it作形式主语：有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。用形式主语it引导的主语从句相当多，有些已形成固定的语法和译法。常见的有：It is said that. 据说 It is reported that. 据报导 It is well known that. 众所周知 It is announced that. 据宣布 It is believed that. 人们相信 It is thought that. 人们认为 It is understood that. 自不待言 It must be pointed out that.必须指出 It must be admitted that. 必须承认It is clear that很明显注意：(1)分句置于句首时，that绝对不可以省略。That the driver could not control his war was obvious.(2)if 不能用在主语从句中，而是用whetherWhether he left (or not) is unknown(3)当主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用第三人称单数，下面这个句型例外。What we need are many more books.2. 宾语从句在整个句子中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.We must never think (that) we are good in everything while others are good in nothing. 我们决不能认为自己什么都好，别人什么都不好。it作形式宾语：在“主语+谓语+宾语+宾补”的句型中，如果宾语是从句的形式，则必须用it做形式宾语，把真正的宾语即宾语从句置于句末。We found it impossible that the so much work will be finished one day. I think it certain that she will do well in her exam.注意：（1）连词whether和 if可以互换，但注意下列情况连词后紧跟or not时用whetherI want to know whether or not they will come.作介词宾语是用whether引导宾语从句He was interested in whether he saw her there.连接词后直接加不定式，不能用if只能用whetherHe doesnt know whether to stay or not.如果宾语从句是否定时，一般用if引导I care if he will not attend the meeting.（2）当主语是I, we ，主句用think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine五个动词时，用否定转移 I dont think he will win the game, will he?（3）that在宾语从句常可以省略，但由and或 but连接两个或多个宾语从句时，仅可以省略第一个连词thatHe said (that) he had eaten nothing but that he wasnt hungry.注意区别if引导的宾语从句和条件状语从句I dont know if he will come. If he comes, Ill let you know.3. 表语从句在整个句子中用作表语的从句叫表语从句。The fact is that we have lost the game. 事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。That is why he didnt come to the meeting. 那就是他为什么不到会的原因。It looks as if it is going to rain. 看上去天要下雨了。This is because he has been working hard these days. Things are not always as they seem to be 事情并不总是如其表象。注意：because，as if 和 as though在名词性从句中只能引导表语从句。4. 同位语从句在整个句子中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。同位语的含义：在句子中，如果有两个名词，并且后一个名词是对前一个名词的解释说明，它们两个指的是同一个人或同一个物，那么，后面的名词就叫前面名词的同位语。例如：This is my friend, Tom.（Tom是my friend 的同位语。）可用于同位语从句的名词有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、thought、 idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word等抽象名词。The news that we won the game is exciting. 我们赢得这场比赛的消息令人激动。I have no idea when he will come back home. 我不知道他什么时候回来。The thought came to him that Mary had probably fallen ill.There is no doubt that he will come. There is doubt whether he will come.Word came that Napoleon would come to inspect them.同位语从句和定语从句的区别：that作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，充当句子成分，在从句中作宾语时可以省略； that引导同位语从句时，起连词的作用，没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，一般不能省略。试比较下面两个例句:I had no idea that you were here 我不知道你在这里。（that无含义，that you were here 指的就是idea，所以是同位语从句，不能省略that）Have you got the idea（that）this book gives you？ 这本书给了你想法吗？（that指的是the idea，that引导定语从句，作宾语，可以省略）三.名词性从句中需要区分的情况1. 疑问词-ever既可以引导名词性从句，也可以引导让步状语从句，而no matter+疑问词只能引导让步状语从句No matter where I go, my heart is towards China.I believer whatever he says. Whatever he says, I will never believe him.who与 whoever的区别 who是“谁”的意思，表示具有疑问，who相当于anyone who“无论谁”Whoever leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.Can you tell me who that gentleman is?2当名词性从句缺少主语、宾语或表语时，引导词通常用what，它相当于all that, anything that或 the thing(s) that。另外，有时具有感叹意义What we cant get seems better than what we have.Tom thought what a beautiful girl Mary was.3.注意区分it 作形式主语的主语从句与强调句强调句句型It is/was+被强调部分+that, 去掉It is/was, that，句子仍然成立。It is natural that they should have different views. 主语从句It is only lately that he had had a family himself. 强调句What was it that he wanted? I dont know what it was that he wanted.It was in the hotel where he stayed that we discussed the serious problem4.注意it 作形式主语的主语从句和as引导非限制性定语从句引导的不同It is known to all that the earth is round. As is known to all. the earth is round.四.连接词that在名词性从句中可以省略的三种情况1.it 做形式主语，that引导主语从句时It is said