高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解编练（六）11.doc

福建尤溪县2017高考英语（一轮）阅读理解编练阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Finally, Ientered the university. Because of my careful savings, I did not have to work during the school year. Then,summer came and it was time to work harder than ever. I continued working as a waitress at night, instructed tennis camps several mornings a week and worked as a secretary for a few hours in the afternoons. I even decided to take a class at acommunity（社区）college. This class at the community college saved me $650. It was an extremely tiring summer and made me anxious to return to my relatively easy life at the university.During mysecond and third years of undergraduate schooling, I decided to work about five hours per week in the campus（校园）admissions office answering phones. This provided a little spending money and kept me from drawing my savings out. The overall situation looked hopeful as I approached my senior year as long as I could make as much money as I had the previous summer. I wanted to go to Israel to study for 3 weeks, but I hesitated in making this decision because it would cost me $1,600 more to get the credits in Israel. About two weeks later my Mom called to tell me that I had $1,600 in the bank that I had forgotten about! One of my concerns about this trip was not only the cost, but the loss of time to make money; however, I made as much that summer in the ten weeks when I was at home as I had made during the fourteen weeks when I was at home the summer before. The way everything worked together to make this trip possible was one of the most exciting things that have ever happened to me.This experience has shaped me in many important ways. The first thing that Ilearned was the importance of a strong work ethic (伦理). Working long hours did a lot to develop my character and helped me learn the value of adollar. It also made me learn how to search for creative ways to settle difficult situations.1. Where did the writer probably work part-time before attending the university?A. In a restaurant. B. In the tennis camps.C. In a company. D. In the admissions office.2. The writer took a class at a community college mainly because_. A. she wanted to save money B. life there was relatively easyC. summer time was tiring D. it was required by the university 3. The writers major concern about the trip to Israel was that_. A. her mother would not give her approvalB. she would fail to get credits in Israel C. a well-paid summer job would be lost D. $1,600 couldnt be drawn out in time4. The passage is mainly about how the writer _. A. made money on the college campusB. managed to make full use of her vacationC. was forced to support herself by her motherD. was shaped by working part-time through college【参考答案】14、AACD社会文化（阅读理解）由 (2012新课标全国,D)改编Grown-ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since.A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water.He can get on a bicycle after many years and still ride away.He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son.A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins “Twinkle,twinkle,little star” or remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears.One explanation is the law of overlearning,which can be stated as follows:Once we have learned something,additional learning trials increase the length of time we will remember it.In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming,bicycle riding,and playing baseball long after we have learned them.We continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as “Twinkle,twinkle,little star” and childhood tales such as Cinderella and Goldilocks.We not only learn but overlearn.The multiplication tables (乘法口诀表) are an exception to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school,because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood.The law of overlearning explains why cramming (突击学习) for an examination,though it may result in a passing grade,is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course.By cramming,a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination,but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned.A little overlearning,on the other hand,is really necessary for ones future development.1.What is the main idea of Paragraph 1?()A.People remember well what they learned in childhood.B.Children have a better memory than grown-ups.C.Poem reading is a good way to learn words.D.Stories for children are easy to remember.2.The author explains the law of overlearning by .A.presenting research findingsB.setting down general rulesC.making a comparisonD.using examples3.According to the author,being able to use multiplication tables is .A.a result of overlearningB.a special case of crammingC.a skill to deal with math problemsD.a basic step towards advanced studies4.What is the authors opinion on cramming?()A.It leads to failure in college exams.B.Its helpful only in a limited way.C.Its possible to result in poor memory.D.It increases students learning interest.语篇解读:本文为说明文。为什么我们儿时学到的东西在间隔了多年后仍然记忆犹新?这也许是由“过度学习法则”所决定的。答案及剖析:1.A主旨大意题。本段的第一句话为主题句,可以概括本段主题,即人们通常会记得儿时学到的一些东西,下文主要对此进行举例说明。2.D推理判断题。文章第三段列举了很多例子来解释说明the law of overlearning,如游泳、骑自行车、打棒球等。3.A事实细节题。根据倒数第二段“.because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood.”可知,能运用乘法口诀也是因为在儿时的“过度学习”。4.B推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,突击学习对于考试虽然有帮助,但却不利于大学的学习。由此可知,突击学习的帮助是有限的。【长难句子分析】A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water.当多年没有机会游泳的人重新回到水里时,依然能和过去一样游得非常好。who引导定语从句,修饰先行词man;when引导时间状语从句。as well as在句中意为“和一样好”。【疑难词汇解读】exception n.除外;例外;不包括在内的人或物Most of the buildings in this town are rather unattractive,but this church is an exception.这座城镇中大多数建筑物都不太好看,但这座教堂是个例外。【长难句子分析】The law of overlearning主语explains谓语why cramming for an examination,宾语从句though it may result in a passinggrade状语从句,宾语从句is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course.宾语从句过度学习的法则解释了为什么突击学习对考试而言能达到通过的分数但却不是一个学习大学课程的令人满意的方法。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。【2013界广东省增城市调研试题】Nowadays, there is a heated debate on whether pollutants should be cleaned in the air. Cleaning up the air, while good for our lungs, could make global warming worse. And the pollutants still go up around the air, along with carbon dioxide.These pollutants are called aerosols (气溶粒) and they include soot as well as mixtures of nitrogen(氮) and sulfur(硫) and other stuff into the air. Natalie Mahowald, a climate researcher at Cornell University, says so far, scientists have mostly tried to understand what those aerosols do while theyre actually in the air.There are so many different kinds of aerosols, she says. Some warm and some cool. But in fact, humans are giving out a lot of extra aerosols, and they tend to cool for the most part.The aerosols reflect sunlight back into space, or keep us cool. But it turns out thats not all they do. These aerosols also influence how much carbon dioxide gets drawn out of the air by plants on land and in the sea.They can add nutrients, for example, to the oceans or to the land, Mahowald says. But also while theyre in the atmosphere they can change the climate, and thus that also can influence the amount of carbon, the land or the ocean can take up. So there are quite a few different ways that aerosols can act on each other.Mahowalds results suggest that reducing those pollutants could be an even bigger problem than realized, when you consider that aerosols help remove carbon dioxide from the air by encouraging plant growth. Hard numbers on this effect are highly uncertain at the moment, but this could turn out to be quite significant.And studying it is not easy because the effects arent well understood. For example, nitrogen can be a fertilizer (肥料), but it can stop plant growing when nitrogen comes out of the air in acid form. Right now it seems like were much more likely to clean up aerosol pollution, while increasing the amount of carbon dioxide in the air. So scientists, unfortunately, may have a chance to see whether this experiment on our planet should continue or not.36. From Paragraph 2, we know that .A. scientists have been aware of how aerosols workB. Natalie Mahowald is an expert in climateC. cleaning up the air is so popularD. pollutants are under control so far【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。由第二段第二句Natalie Mahowald的同位语a climate researcher at Cornell University可知Natalie Mahowald是一个气候专家，故选B。37. What is Natalie Mahowalds opinion on those aerosols?A. Aerosols can influence each other in various ways.B. All the aerosols will cool the earth.C. Aerosols can add nutrients to human beings. D. Any kind of aerosols will warm the earth.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。由第三段Some warm and some cool得知，BD选项错误, 与Some不符。从第五段的to the oceans，得知C也不对。由第五段最后一句aerosols can act on each other气溶粒可以以不同的方式相互影响，故选A。38. Why is it important for scientists to get accurate numbers according to the passage? A. Scientists have a chance to research them.B. They can bring scientists much more benefit.C. Scientists can protect the earth from being pollutedD. They can help scientists understand the effects better. 【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。从第六段最后一句和第七段开头句可推出D正确。其他选项与题目没有直接的因果关系。它们能帮科学家更好地理解影响，故选D。39. What does the last sentence of the passage imply?A. Scientists will be in a dilemma.B. The experiment will be successful.C. Scientists will carry out the experiment.D. Scientists have difficulty in the experiment. 【答案】A【解析】词义猜测题。从第七段开头句和第八段最后一句should continue or not应不应该进行。说明研究的左右为难。故A最合适。而D选项属于事实题，不是暗示推理题。科学家左右为难，故选A。40. Which of the following can be the best title of this passage?A. Pollutants in the Air.B. The Experiment on the PlanetC. The Reason for Global Warming D. The Influence of Aerosols 【答案】D【解析】标题归纳题。全文以Aerosols为中心，说明它的影响。故D正确。其他选项要么范围太大要么太小，不够全面。气溶粒的影响，故选D。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。 【2013界广东省增城市调研试题】 If youre someone who is eager to do something beyond the ordinary, you must have figured out by now that there will always be those who are jealous or resentful(怨恨) of your success. It doesnt matter that youve worked long and hard to get where you are, nor that youve made great sacrifices in achieving your goals. The haters will always find a reason to speak ill of you and even condemn you. Theyre spiteful (恨的) people who envy you the pride you have in yourself and the recognition youre receiving from others. They cant stand it that youre happy, fulfilled and achieving your goals. These hateful individuals are unwilling to do the work that youve done. They hate your success but are too lazy to invest real time or energy in achieving their own goals. The thing you need to know about these haters is that the only reason they behave this way is that you have something they want, but they arent willing to work for it. The haters are convinced that youve been lucky or that youve had some unfair advantage, but the truth is that your success is born of your untiring efforts, and its these efforts that have brought about your luck. The best way to deal with haters is what I call the one-two punch. First, dont let them hurt you. Be happy about your success and proud of your accomplishments. Company with those who approve you, recognize you and support you, and never doubt that you deserve all the success. The haters are angry, jealous people. What they think or say is meaningless. Next, the more the haters annoy you, the more you should be motivated to succeed. They want to ruin you, but your response should be to work that much harder in order to increase your level of success. When your reaction to their bad behavior has inspired you to achieve further success, youve transformed the haters negativity (消极) into fuel for your creative fires. Not only can they not hurt you but theyve inspired you onto ev