高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解暑假选练51.doc

河南鲁山县2017高考英语暑假阅读理解选练阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。 Experts believe that storms and severe weather in North America and Asia have disrupted bird flight paths across the world and swept huge numbers of bird species towards the British Isles.Birds flying to the other side of the Atlantic or to the Pacific to lay their eggs have been trapped in Britain and Ireland, adding their numbers to native species, and causing great excitement in the bird-watching community.Local birdwatchers have already observed a total of 442 species in the British Isles this year. The highest number ever seen in one year is 445, in 2008.“We only need four more to break our record,” said Lee Evans, who runs the British Birding Association. “With three months to go Im sure well do it.”Last month an extremely rare Siberian Rubythroat bird was seen in Scotland, sending hundreds of birdwatchers north in the hope of catching a glimpse of this colourful Asian beauty. Another very uncommon bird, the bufflehead duck was cited in Cornwell and caused similar excitement. “I couldnt believe it,” said Evans. “The poor thing was completely knackered. It must have been blown to England by the storms while trying to fly from Canada to the southern United States for the winter. Thats 3000 miles!”Evans said that global warming over the past decade was playing a key role in transforming bird movements across the world. In addition, melting Arctic sea ice may also be opening up bird flight paths over the North Pole, making it easier for birds from the Pacific such as the slaty-backed gull and tufted puffin, both of which appeared in London earlier this year to reach Britain.Bird-watching is becoming an increasingly popular hobby among all age groups, added Evans. “A fifth of our members are under 18. This is a round-the-year hobby that you can enjoy from the kitchen window or from a car. More and more people are bird-watching, and as a result more and more unexpected species are being spotted in the British Isles.”1. What is the passage mainly about?A. The results of global warming.B. Changes in the British bird population.C. Increasing environmental pollution.D. Worsening British weather. 2. The underlined word “knackered” is closest in meaning to _. A. bored B. knocked C. spotted D. tired3. How many more bird species are needed to equal the British bird-watching record?A. 3.B. 4.C. 442. D. 445.4. According to the passage, which of the following birds comes from Asia? A. Slaty-backed gull. B. Bufflehead. C. Rubythroat. D. Tufted puffin.5. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a possible reason for seeing more bird species in Britain?A. An increase in the number of birdwatchers.B. A growth in the number of native species.C. Storms due to global warming.D. The melting Arctic ice cap.【参考答案】15、BDACB 【广东省2012届高三考前冲刺卷(三)】CTechnology has been an encouragement of historical change.It acted as such a force in England beginning in the eighteenth century，and across the entire Western World in the nineteenth.Rapid advances were made in the use of scientific findings in the manufacture(制造) of goods，which has changed ideas about work.One of the first changes was that other forms of energy have taken the place of human power.Along with this came the increased use of machines to manufacture products in less time.People also developed machines that could produce the same parts for a product：each nail was exactly like every other nail，meaning that each nail could be changed for every other nail.This means that goods could be mass production，although mass production required breaking production down into smaller and smaller tasks.Once this was done，workers no longer started on the product and laboured to complete it.Instead，they might work only one thousandth of it，other workers completing their own parts in certain order.There is nothing strange about this manufacturing work by todays standards.Highly skilled workers were unable to compare with the new production techniques，as mass production allowed goods of high standard to be produced in greater number than could ever be done by hand.But the skilled worker wasnt the only loser，the common workers lost too.Similar changes forced farmers away.The increased mechanization(机械化) of agriculture freed masses of workers from ploughing the land and harvesting its crops.They had little choice but to stream toward the rapidly developing industrial centers.Increasingly，standards were set by machines.Workers no longer owned their own tools，their skill was no longer valued，and pride in their work was no longer possible.Workers fed，looked after and repaired the machines that could work faster than humans at greatly reduced cost.36In this passage，which of the following is NOT considered as a change caused by the use of scientific findings in the production of goods?AOther forms of energy have taken the place of human power.BThe increased exploitation of workers in the 19th century.CThe increased use of machines to make products in less time.DThe use of machines producing parts of the same standard.37The underlined word “this” in the first paragraph refers to_.Athe use of scientific findingsBthe practice of producing the same parts for a productCthe human power being replaced by other forms of energyDthe technology becoming the encouragement of historical change38The underlined word “this” in the second paragraph refers to the change that_.Aeach nail could be taken the place of by every other nailBeach nail was exactly like every other nailCproducing tasks became smaller and smallerDgoods could be mass produced39According to the writer，highly skilled workers_.Acompletely disappeared with the coming of the factory systemBwere dismissed by the bossCwere unable to produce goods of high standardDwere unable to produce fine goods at that same speed as machines40According to the passage，what did the farmers have to do with the coming of mechanization of agriculture?AMany of them had to leave their farmland for industrial centers.BThey stuck to their farm work.CThey refused to use machines. DThey did their best to learn how to use the machines.36B原文中并未说对工人剥削的增加，故选项B为正确答案。37C倒置的一个主要目的就是使句子间连接紧密，因此单词this指上一句的内容。38D在条件句中，this 指上文的内容：货物批量生产。39D可从第二段第四句知道D项为正确答案。40A可根据第二段第六句及第八句判断A项为正确答案。高考英语冲刺阅读理解专项 Starving polar bears are eating one another in the Arctic. Flowers are blooming too soon and die. The ice caps are melting so fast that rising water levels will threaten coastal towns along Florida within several decades. These are just a few examples of the serious consequences of climate change supported by a new analysis in Nature. In the past three decades, average global temperatures have risen about 1 degree Fahrenheit (0.6 degree Celsius) and are projected to jump by about 3 degrees F (1. 7 degrees C) by the end of the century, says study lead author Cynthia Rosenzweig, who heads the Climate Impacts Group at NASAs Goddard Institute for Space Studies at Columbia University in New York City. Weve already seen that a relatively low amount of wanning, she says, can result in a broad range of changes. The unnatural warming caused by man-made greenhouse gases, especially carbon dioxide produced by cars and coal-powered plants, brings trouble for entire ecosystems. In North America alone, scientists have identified 89 species of plants, such as the American holly that have flowered earlier in the spring. In Spain, apple trees bloom 35 days ahead of schedule in response to the higher temperatures. Other wildlife, like the insects that use certain plants for food and the birds that feed on the insects, must then move forward their seasonal stirrings (萌动) and mating patterns to survive. To try to follow this time shift, some birds such as robins, the classic symbol of winters thaw(解冻时期) , are returning to Colorado from their migrations (迁徙) some two weeks earlier than in years past. All these changes can throw a food chain in disorder. Some bird species that arrive before the insects reappear may starve to death. Around the world, plants and animals are waking up to an earlier alarm clock than they used to, says Terry Root, a biologist from Stanford University. 1. What does the first paragraph mainly present to the readers?A. The survival of polar bears in the Arctic.B. The terrible situation for the coastal town along Florida.C. A brief description of what a warming world will look like.D. A new analysis of climate change in Nature. 答案解析：答案为C。本题为段落大意题。细读第一段，先描述气候变化的几个严重后果的例子，最后进行概括总结，故答案为C。A，B选项都是后果之一，D选项不是第一段的重点。注意把握最后一句 “These are just a few examples of the serious consequences of”, 答案就不难选择。2. According to the passage, what has happened to plants as a result of warming climate?A. Many species of plants have died out. B. Some flowers have appeared ahead of time.C. Apple trees have produced less fruit. D. Plants have provided no food to birds.答案解析：答案为B。本题为细节推理题。由第三段 “In North America alone, scientists have identified 89 species of plants, such as the American holly that have flowered earlier in the spring. In Spain, apple trees bloom 35 days ahead of schedule.”可知，花卉提前开放。故答案为B。3. What can be learnt about robins from the passage?A. They are good at telling the direction.B. They can predict the change of weather.C. They usually come back when spring comes. D. They have to move away for cool weather.答案解析：答案为C。本题为细节推理题。由倒数第二段 “To try to follow this time shift, some birds such as robins, the classic symbol of winters thaw, are returning to Colorado from their migrations some two weeks earlier than in years past.” 可知，robin鸟是冬天解冻时期的象征，比往年要早两周回到Colorado，故可以推断，这些鸟在春天天气暖和后才回来，由于全球气温升高，他们可以早点回到Colorado。故答案为C。4What does the passage mainly tell us?A. Man-made warming changes natures clock.B. Global warming is unavoidable.C. Both plants and animals will change. D. People need to adapt to climate change.答案解析：答案为A。本题为文章主旨大意题。结合全文内容，人类活动导致全球气温升高，造成了生态系统中动植物生物钟的紊乱，最后一段 “Around the world, plants and animals are waking up to an earlier alarm clock than they used to,”再次点题。故答案为A。【广东省2012届高三考前冲刺卷(三)】D“If there is one thing Im sure about，it is that in a hundred years from now we will still be reading newspapers.It is not that newspapers are a necessity.Even now some people get most of their news from television or radio.Many buy a paper only on Saturdays or Sundays.But for most people reading a newspaper has become a habit passed down from generation to generation.”The nature of what is news may change.What basically makes news is what affects our livesthe big political stories，the coverage of the wars，earthquakes and other disasters，will continue much the same.I think there will be more coverage of scientific research，though.Its already happening in areas that may directly affect our lives, like genetic engineering.In the future，I think there will be more coverage of scientific explanations of why we feel as we doas we develop a better understanding of how the brain operates and what our feelings really are.Its quite possible that in the next century newspapers will be transmitted electronically from Fleet Street and printed out in our own home.In fact, Im pretty sure that how it will happen in the future.You will probably be able to choose from a menu，making up your own newspaper by picking out the things you want to readsports and international news，etc.I think people have got it wrong when they talk about competition among the different media.They actually feed_off each other.Some people once foresaw that television would kill off newspapers，but that hasnt happened.What is read on the printed page lasts longer than