高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解入学巩固练习（五）1.doc

江西安远县2017高考英语阅读理解一轮巩固练习（五）（2017高考训练）阅读理解。(2016安徽重点中学联考)Can dogs and cats live in perfect harmony in the same home? People who are thinking about adopting a dog as a friend for their cats are worried that they will fight. A recent research has found a new recipe for success. According to the study, if the cat is adopted before the dog, and if they are introduced when still young (less than 6 months for cats, a year for dogs), it is highly probable that the two pets will get along swimmingly. Twothirds of the homes interviewed reported a positive relationship between their cat and dog.However, it wasnt all sweetness and light. There was a reported coldness between the cat and dog in 25% of the homes, while aggression and fighting were observed in 10% of the homes. One reason for this is probably that some of their body signals are just opposite. For example, when a cat turns its head away it signals aggression, while a dog doing the same signals submission.In homes with cats and dogs living peacefully, researchers observed a surprising behavior. They are learning how to talk each others language. It is a surprise that cats can learn how to talk “Dog”， and dogs can learn how to talk “Cat”.Whats interesting is that both cats and dogs have appeared to develop their intelligence. They can learn how to read each others body signals, suggesting that the two may have more in common than was previously suspected. Once familiar with each others presence and body language, cats and dogs can play together, greet each other nose to nose, and enjoy sleeping together on the sofa. They can easily share the same water bowl and in some cases groom (梳理) each other.The significance of this research on cats and dogs may go beyond pets to people who dont get along, including neighbors, colleagues at work, and even world superpowers. If cats and dogs can learn to get along, surely people have a good chance.1.The underlined word “swimmingly” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to “_”.A.earlyB.sweetlyC.quickly D.smoothly2.What is found surprising about cats and dogs?A.They eat and sleep together. B.They observe each others behaviors.C.They learn to speak each others language. D.They know something from each others voices.3.It is suggested in Paragraph 4 that cats and dogs _.A.have common interests B.are less different than thoughtC.have a common body language D.are less intelligent than expected4.What can we human beings learn from cats and dogs?A.We should learn to live in harmony. B.We should know more about animals.C.We should live in peace with animals.D.We should learn more body languages.1解析：选D词义猜测题。首段第一、二句就暗示人们普遍认为狗和猫是不能和谐相处的，而后面的研究与前面内容形成对比：如果采取适当的措施，猫与狗之间是可以和平相处的，因而“swimmingly”应该是“顺利地；轻易地”之意。A、C两项有悖常识；B项意为“甜蜜地；亲切地”，程度过深，不合常理；D项smoothly意为“平稳地；顺利地”，切合题意。2解析：选C细节理解题。从第三段“researchers observed a surprising behavior. They are learning how to talk each others language”得知这个令人吃惊的发现便是猫与狗竟然能够互相学习对方的语言。3解析：选B细节理解题。根据第四段可知事实上猫与狗之间存在更多的共同点，它们并没有我们想象中的那么格格不入。4解析：选A推理判断题。细读最后一段内容我们可以发现作者提出了反问：既然动物都可以学着和谐共存，更何况是技高一筹的人类？因而，通过猫与狗的研究可以得出我们人类应该学会和谐相处。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。【2014高考模拟题】 New crime prediction software should reduce not only the murder rate, but the rate of other crimes. Developed by Richard Berk, a professor at the University of Pennsylvania, the software has already used in Baltimore and Philadelphia to predict which individuals on probation(缓刑) or parole(假释) are most likely to murder and to be murdered. “When a person goes on probation or parole he is supervised(监督) by an officer. The question is what level of supervision is appropriate?” said Berk. It used to be that parole officers used the persons criminal record, and their judgment to make decisions. “This research replaces those seat-of-the pants calculations,” he said. Technology helps determine level of supervision. On average there is one murder for every 100,000 people. Even among high-risk groups the murder rate is one in 100. Predicting such a rare event is very difficult, but advances in computer technology works. Years ago, the researchers made a dataset of more than 60,000 various crimes. Using the software they developed, they found some much more likely to commit murder when paroled or probated. They could identify eight future murderers out of 100. Berks software examines roughly two dozen variables(可变因素), from criminal record to geographic location. The type of crimes, and more importantly, the age at which that crime was committed, were two of the most predictive variables. “People assume that if someone murdered then they will murder in the future,” said Berk. “ What really matters is what that person did as a young individual. Predicting future crimes sounds well. But we arent anywhere near being able to do that.” “Berks scientific answer leaves policymakers with difficult questions. By labeling one group of people as high risk, and supervise them closely, there should be fewer murders, which the potential victims should be happy about. It also means that those high-risk individuals will be supervised more aggressively. For human rights advocates, that means punishing people who, most likely, will not commit a crime in the future,” said Bushway. “It comes down to a question of whether you would rather make these errors or those errors.”21. The underlined words(in Para.3) probably mean_. A. calculations based on subjective opinions B. calculations based on widespread voting C. calculations made by advanced technology D. calculations based on serious considering22. For 650 people with crime records, how many potential murderers would the software find? A. 6.5. B. 13. C. 52. D. 65.23. From Para 7, we can infer that_. A. the technology developed by Richard Berk will soon be widely used in the USB. the technology would not be widely accepted in the short termC. whether a person murders or not largely decided by his upbringing while youngD. if a person murdered when he was fifty, he is sure to murder again while on probation24. Bushways attitude to the technology put forward by Richard Berk is _.A. positive B. negative C. objective D. indifferent25. Which would be the best title for the passage?A. Closely Supervise Potential Murders B. Measures Taken to Prevent Criminal BehaviorC. Technology Revolutionizes Judges Way of Working D. Software is Developed to Predict Criminal Behavior【参考答案】 (A) ACBCD 2015高考英语阅读理解（人物传记、故事类）【2015陕西】BWhen the dog named Judy spotted the first sheep in her life, she did what comes naturally. The four-year-old dog set off racing after the sheep across several fields and, being a city animal, lost both her sheep and her sense of direction. Then she ran along the edge of cliff( 悬崖) and fell 100 feet, bouncing off a rock into the sea. Her owner Mike Holden panicked and celled the coastguard of Cornwall, who turned up in seconds . Six volunteers slid down the cliff with the help of a rope but gave up all hope of finding her alive after a 90-minute search. Three days later, a hurricane hit the coast near Cornwall. Mr. Holden returned home from his holiday upset and convinced his pet was dead. He comforted himself with the thought she had died in the most beautiful part of the country. For the next two weeks, the Holdens were heartbroken . Then, one day, the phone rang and Steve Tregear, the coastguard of Cornwall, asked Holder if he would like his dog bark. A birdwatcher, armed with a telescope, found the pet sitting desperately on a rock. While he sounded the alarm, a student from Leeds climbed down the cliff to collect Judy.The dog had initially been knocked unconscious(失去知觉的)but had survived by drinking water from a fresh scream at the base of the cliff. She may have fed on the body of a sheep which had also fallen over the edge. “The dog was very thin and hungry,” Steve Tregear said , “It was a very dog. She survived because of a plentiful supply of fresh water,” he added.It was ,as Mr. Holden admitted, “a minor miracle(奇迹)”. 50. The dog Jody fell down the cliff when she was A. rescuing her owner B. caught in a hurricane C. blocked by a rock D. running after a sheep51. Who spotted Judy after the accident? A. A birdwatcher B. A student from Leeds C. Six volunteers D. The coastguard of Cornwall52. What can we infer from the text? A. People like to travel with their pets. B. Judy was taken to the fields for hunting. C. Luck plays a vital role in Judys survival. D. Holden cared little where Judy was buried.53. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. Miracle of the Coastguard. B. Surviving a Hurricane.C. Dangers in the Wild D. Coming Back from the Dead.【解析】试题分析：文章介绍是叫Judy的狗在追赶一只羊的时候，从悬崖上掉下来。主人努力寻找几个小时无果，以为它已经死去就放弃了，结果几天后，意外得到消息，狗还活着。真是很幸运的事情。50.细节理解题。根据文章第一段的句子：The four-year-old dog set off racing after the sheep across several fields,Then she ran along the edge of a cliff(悬崖) and fell 100 feet, bouncing off a rock into the sea.可知叫Judy的狗在追赶一只羊的时候，从悬崖上掉下来。故选D。【考点定位】故事类阅读理解【名师点睛】这是一篇故事类阅读理解。这种题材内容易懂而且有趣味性，是考生擅长的，这篇文章篇幅不长，难易度适中，考查细节题为主。通读全文后，可以带着问题到文章中找出信息句，分析信息句和题干，选项之间的关联，答案不难找出。阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的四个选项( A. B. C. D ) 中，选出最佳选项。【2014高考模拟题】 That summer an army of crickets(蟋蟀) started a war with my father. Dad didnt care for insects much more than Mamma, but he could tolerate a few living in the basement. Mamma was a city girl and she said a cricket was just too noisy. Then to support her point she wouldnt go to bed. She drank coffee and smoked my fathers cigarettes and paced between the sofa and the TV. Next morning she threatened to pack up and leave, so Dad drove to the store and hurried back. He sprayed poison from a jug. When he was finished he told us that was the end of it. For a couple of weeks we went back to find dead crickets in the laundry. He suggested that wed all be better off to hide as many as we could from Mamma. I fed a few dozen to the cat who I didnt like because he scratched for no reason. However, soon live crickets started showing up in the kitchen and bathroom. Mamma was upset because she thought they were the dead crickets coming back, but Dad said these were certainly new ones. He fetched his jug of poison and sprayed all over until the whole house smelled of poison, and then he sprayed the basement again. A couple of weeks later, when both live and dead crickets kept turning up, Dad emptied the basement of junk. Then he burned a lot of old newspapers and magazines which he said the crickets had turned into nests. While we ate supper that evening, the wind lifted some flames onto the wood pile. The only gasoline was in the lawn mowers(割草机) fuel tank but that was enough to create an exp