深圳牛津八年级下unit1-知识点归纳和练习

1 1 八年级下册八年级下册 Unit1 Helping those in need 一 一 词汇词汇 单词词性及词义词汇拓展 raise v 筹募 增加 提高 饲 养 近义词 put up 举起 提高 keep 饲养 permission n 准许 批准 近义词 agreement permit v 允许 disabledadj 失去能力的 残疾的 ability n 能力 able adj 能 be able to do sth 能做某事 teenagern 青少年teenage adj 青少年的 offer v 主动提出 be willing to do something offer to do sth 主动提出做某事 offer sth to sb offer sb sth 向某人提供某物 suffer v 因疾病等 受苦 受折 磨 serious adj 严重的 seriously adv 认真地 严重 地 illnessn 某种 病 ill adj 不好的 有病的 恶 意的 be ill be sick 生病的 lonelyadj 孤独的 寂寞的 friendshipn 友情 友谊 friendly adj 友好的 be friendly to sb 对某人友好 friendliness n 友善 friend n 朋友 make friends with 和 交朋友 difficulty n 困难 费劲 be not able to do something easily difficult adj 困难的 have difficulty in doing sth 在做某事上有困难 joyn 愉快 喜悦to one s joy 令人愉快的是 2 2 a feeling of great happinessjoyful adj 快乐的 peacen 平静 宁静peaceful adj 和平的 宁静的 hurt n 表情 Her expression suggested anger 她露出愤怒的表情 4 They have difficulty walking or moving 他们走路或移动有困难 他们走路或移动有困难 此句中 have difficulty in doing sth 意为 做某事有困难 have trouble in doing sth I have difficulty finishing my homework 我完成家庭作业有困难 若后接名词 则常用 have difficulty with sth 的结构 5 He hurt his legs in an accident but he has lots of courage 他的腿在事故中受 伤了 但是他很勇敢 本句中 but 为并列连词 意为 但是 然而 连接两个句子 表示转折 I want to buy the beautiful bike but I have no money 我想买那辆漂亮的自行车 但 是我没有钱 hurt vt injure 使疼痛 受伤使疼痛 受伤 搭配 hurt oneself 受伤 Have you hurt yourself 你伤着自己了吗 6 We need to help children like Tim and raise their spirits 我们需要帮助像蒂 姆那样的孩子 并使他们 鼓起勇气 本句中 like 用作介词用作介词 意为 例如 像 Things like paper and glass can be recycled 像纸和玻璃这样的东西可以重复利用 四 语法四 语法 动词不定式动词不定式 4 4 动词不定式是一种非谓语动词 可以在句子中作主语 宾语 定语 状语和宾 语补足语等 动词不定式的基本形式是 to 动词原形 但 to 有时可以省略 动 词不定式在句子中不做谓语 所以没有人称 数和时态的变化 一 动词不定式作宾语一 动词不定式作宾语 基本结构 动词动词 动词不定式动词不定式 动词不定式可以在 agree choose decide learn plan hope promise want seem would like 等后面做宾语 如 I want to play basketball 我想玩篮球 I agree to meet Susan outside the cinema 我同意在电影院外跟苏珊见面 有些动词后面可以跟 疑问词疑问词 动词不定式动词不定式 这种结构 这些动词包 advise ask decide discuss forget know learn remember show teach tell 等 如 We teach him how to walk 我们教他走路 I forgot what to do 我忘记要做什么了 二 动词不定式作宾语补足语 二 动词不定式作宾语补足语 基本结构 动词动词 宾语 名词宾语 名词 代词 代词 动词不动词不 定式定式 动词不定式作宾语补足语时 有带 to 和省略 to 的两种情况 常跟带 to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有 advise ask tell order invite allow wish get want encourage 等 如 My teacher often encourages us to study hard 我的老师经常鼓励我们要努力学 习 Tom asked me not to sleep in class Tom 叫我不要在课堂上睡觉 常跟省略常跟省略 to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有 的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有 使役动词使役动词 let make have 等 感官动词等 感官动词 see feel notice 等 等 如 You can let the girl go first 你可以让那个女孩子先走 I saw him open the door 我看见他开门 三 动词不定式表目的 三 动词不定式表目的 动词不定式还可以用来表示某一动作或状态的目的 动词不定式也可以位于句 首 如 She went to the department store to buy a new book 她去百货商店是为了买本 新书 To learn English well you should speak English as much as possible 想学好英语 应该尽可能多的说英语 5 5 Unit 1 Helping those in need 单元测试单元测试 姓名姓名 分数分数 I 词汇运用 每小题 1 分 共 15 分 i 根据句意 选择与划线部分意思最接近的选项 每小题 1 分 共 8 分 1 When I told him the news he expressed his surprise A knewB showedC impressed 2 Keeping pets can give us much joy A sadnessB sicknessC happiness 3 You can t go out at night unless you get your mother s permission A agreementB knowledgeC message 4 Don t make any noises here I need peace A luckB fearC anger 5 He came home early in order to see his son before he went to bed A so thatB in order thatC so as to 6 Amy explained that she had to leave at once A secretlyB immediatelyC happily 7 I don t know why he didn t accept the doctor s suggestions A repliedB rejectedC raised 8 After he washed the dishes she continued to sweep the floor A went on B went upC compared ii 选择恰当的词汇或短语完成句子 每小题 1 分 共 7 分 9 A is someone who is between thirteen and nineteen years old A bossB daughterC teenager 10 To from something is to be badly affected by it A stopB payC suffer 11 Everyone needs a That is they need friends A friendshipB relationshipC news 12 A is a spoken or written piece ofinformation A messageB gestureC language 6 6 13 Why do you often him of his success So that he doesn t lose his confidence A remindB hearC advise 14 I am greatly interested in this painting Something in it the painter s deep love for nature A expressB discussesC imagines 15 Who will the activity Some volunteers A expressB acceptC organize II 单项选择 每小题 1 分 共 15 分 16 You may take a horse to the river but you can t make it A to drinkB drankC drink 17 You can use a tool a fire A makeB makingC to make 18 I always feel when I am at home I think you should go out to communicate with more people A lonely lonelyB lonely aloneC alone lonely 19 Do you have difficulty the work in two days Of course not It s easy me to do it A finishing forB finishing of C to finish for 20 They 20 000 yuan for the Hope Project last year A roseB raise C raised 21 There isn t any difference between the two I really don t know A where to chooseB which to chooseC to choose which 22 Rather than on a crowded bus he always prefers a bicycle A ride rideB riding rideC ride to ride 23 How far is your cousin s home from here It s about two ride A hour sB hoursC hours 24 Do you know the man who is standing at the door Yes I do He s a friend of A I B mineC me 25 Is your friend Michael still in Australia 7 7 I don t know I have information about him because we haven t seen each other for years A a little a fewB little a fewC a few a little 26 How does Jack usually go to work He drive a car but now he there to lose weight A used to is used to walkB was used to is used to walking C used to is used to walking 27 Let s play football on the playground It s so hot outside I would rather at home than out A stay goB to stay goC stay to go 28 Are you of the dark Yes so I always go to sleep with my bedroom lights A worry onB afraid onC worried off 29 I turned to bookshops and libraries looking for information and found A noneB bothC neither 30 Jim s a taxi driver he really wants to be a doctor A andB soC but III 完型填空 每小题 1 5 分 共 15 分 Once a king showed two men a large basket 篮子 in the garden He told them to fill it with water from a well 井 After they 31 their work he left them saying When the sun is down I will come and see your work At last one of them said What s the use of doing this foolish 愚蠢的 work We can 32 fill the basket The other man answered That is 33 of your business The first man said You may do as you like but I m not going to work at something so 34 He 35 his bucket and went away The other man said no word and kept on carrying 36 Finally the well was almost 37 As he poured 倒 the last bucket 桶 of water into the basket he saw a bright thing in it He picked it 38 It was a beautiful gold ring Just then the king came 39 he saw the ring he knew that he had found the kind of man he wanted He told him to keep the ring for himself You 40 so well in this 8 8 little thing he said that now I know I can believe you with many things 31 A finished B did C began 32 A ever B never C easily 33 A none B no C not 34 A clever B foolish C easy 35 A picked upB put away C threw away 36 A water B basket C well 37 A full B empty C filled 38 A up B down C of 39 A While B As soon as C Before 40 A did B will do C was do IV 阅读理解 每小题 1 5 分 共 30 分 A Teaching is one of the most rewarding 有回报的 jobs It is also one of the most stressful If you want to be a teacher you should have a passion 激情 for young people If you are thinking about going into teaching for any other reason than this you need to find another job Teaching is difficult Students can be difficult Parents can be difficult If you do not have a passion for the young people that you teach you will burn out quickly Passion is what keeps an excellent teacher going When students have trouble understanding what is taught it is what drives him to spend long hours trying to think out how to help them If you do not have enough passion for your students you might last a year or two but not long Passion is a must have quality 品质 for every good teacher Teaching can be rewarding but you shouldn t expect that reward to come easily Teachers who search out better and new methods are the ones who will make it A good teacher needs to be able to work with everyone All teachers face stress It is important to be able to deal with everything that is thrown at you when you walk through your classroom doors There are so many chances for stress within a classroom that an excellent teacher has to be able to bring it in control If you cannot manage stress quite well then teaching may not be the right job for you 41 According to the passage if you want to be a teacher A you d better ask the writer for advice B passion is the most important 9 9 C you will be best rewarded D you have to be young enough 42 A successful teacher is someone who A burns out quickly and easily B faces the most stress and difficult parents C searches out better and new methods D has the right reason for his job 43 The key words for the passage are A passion and stress B difficult and rewarding C deal with and be able to D teachers and students 44 Most stress is thrown at the teacher A in the classroom B from the parents C in a year or two D after class 45 An excellent teacher knows A how the reward as a teacher will come B how to manage everything that happens in his work C how long his passion for young people will last D how many new methods he will have to use B Today an increasing number of people are always looking at their mobile phones with their heads down These people are called the Heads down Tribe 低头 族 Are you a heads down tribe member Heads down tribe members now can be seen everywhere More and more traffic accident are happening because drivers use mobile phones when they are driving In order to make drivers pay more attention to driving some new traffic rules have been made For example heads down tribe members who use mobile phones while driving will be fined 200 As we can see above using mobile phones may cause accidents and even cost money Besides more and more interesting things happen to the Heads down Tribe According to a piece of interesting TV news a man in America kept using his mobile phone on his way home Suddenly he bumped 撞上 into a big lost bear When he lifted his eyes from the phone he was so scared that he ran away as quickly as possible Another fact is that we can often see people in the restaurant eating face to face but looking at their own mobile phones It s strange that they don t talk to the ones who sit opposite to them during the meal Some of them even have fun 10 10 communicating with others on the phone all the time Mobile phones are helpful and necessary tools for modern life Are mobile phones good or bad It depends on how people use them Let s be healthy users and try not to be the Heads up Tribe 46 Who are called the Heads down Tribe according to the passage A People who are always looking for something with their heads down B People who are always looking at their mobile phones with their heads down C People who are always sad with their heads down D People who are always thinking with their heads down 47 What will happen to heads down tribe members if they use mobile phones while driving A They will be fined B Their phones will be taken away C They will be given 200 D Their driving license will be taken away 48 Where did the American probably bump into the bear A At a zoo B In the street C In his house D In the mountains 49 When heads down tribe members eat in a restaurant A they don t use their mobile phones B they don t talk to the people who sit opposite C they talk to the strangers all the time D they eat food all the time 50 What is the main idea of the passage A Mobile phones are helpful and necessary B Let s try to be the Heads down Tribe C We should use mobile phones right D We shouldn t use mobile phones any more C Do you know how to play a game called Musical Chairs It is easy to play and most people enjoy it All you need are some chairs some people and some way of making music You may use a piano or any other musical instrument if someone can play it You may use a tape recorder You can even use a radio Put the chairs in a row The chairs may be put in twos back to back A better way is to have the chairs in one row with each chair facing in the opposite direction to the chair next to it The game is easy When the music starts the players walk round the chairs 11 11 Everyone goes in the same direction of course they should walk in time to the music If the music is fast they should walk quickly If the music is slow they should walk slowly The person playing music cannot see the people in the game When the music stops the players try to sit on the chairs If a person cannot find a chair to sit on he drops out Then before the music starts again one chair must be taken away When the music stops again one more player will be out At last there will be two players and one chair The one who sits on the chair when the music stops is the winner 51 If ten people are playing musical chairs you must begin with A nine chairs B ten chairs C eleven chairs D one chair 52 Which of the following is not suitable for playing musical chairs A A piano B A radio C A tape recorder D A telephone 53 The chairs should be put A with the desks B before the winner C all over the room D in a line 54 When the music starts the players must A run about the room B get down C walk around the chairs D sit on the chairs 55 Which of the following statements is NOT true A The game Musical Chairs is not difficult to learn B The last one can sit on the last chair C The winner can sit on the chair D If the person plays music he cannot be the winner D How do you spend your spare time There will be different answers to it Most people in Poland have their own ways of spending free time Sometimes they just want to have a rest but they try to do something more pleasant most of the time They have many different hobbies which help them to get away from their everyday problems and spend their free time happily Many Polish people like traveling They look for new places that they have never been to and add new and exciting experiences to their journey Some of them like to 12 12 climb mountains others like to go to the sea or a lake to swim because theses can make them get exercise and are good for their health Many Polish people also like to do sports in their free time They are usually crazy about football and football is regarded as the Polish national sport Many football fans may support a certain team so they go to watch every match of the team they support and they buy many things that have any relation with the team Watching sport and doing it are both good ways to relax In addition doctors say that doing sports is very good for the health Many people in town especially young men often go to the gym to attend the exercise classes to keep fit Besides these ways Polish people have many other ways to spend their free time And they really enjoy their free time 56 Polish people have many different hobbies in order to A solve their daily problems B finish all their work C make some friends D relax themselves in their spare time 57 Why do some Polish people like climbing mountains A