高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解系列（一）（含解析）1.doc

广东海康县2017高考英语阅读理解一轮系列阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Leadership is the most significant word in todays competitive business environment because it directs the manager of a business to focus inward on their personal abilities and style. Experts on leadership will quickly point out that “how things get done” influences the success of the outcomes and indicates a right way and a wrong way to do things. When a noted leader on the art of management, Peter Drucker, coined the phrase“Management is doing things right; leadership is doing the right things”, he was seeking to clarify the distinctions he associates with the terms. When Stephen Covey, founder and director of the Leadership Institute, explored leadership styles in the past decade, he focused on the habits of a great number of highly effective individuals. His Seven Habits of Highly Effective People became a popular bestseller very quickly. His ideas forced a reexamination of the early leadership example, which centered on the feature that was found in the character ethic(道德准则) and the personality ethic. The former ethic suggested success was founded on modesty, loyalty, courage, patience and so on. The personality ethic suggested it was ones attitude, not behavior, that inspired success, and this ethic was founded on a belief of positive mental attitude. In contrast to each of these ideas, Covey advocates that leaders need to understand universal principles of effectiveness, and he highlights how vital it is for leaders to first personally manage themselves if they are to enjoy any hope of outstanding success in their work environments. To achieve a desired vision for your business, it is essential that you have a personal vision of where you are headed and what you value. Business leadership means that managers need to “put first things first,” which implies that before leading others, you need to be clear on your own values, abilities, and strengths and be seen as trustworthy. 1. What does Peter Druckers phrase infer? A. Leaders should be good at making right decisions. B. Leaders should be good at doing things right. C. Leaders should be good at ignoring the distinctions he associates with the terms. D. Leaders should be skilled in predicting future. 2. Under what condition are people likely to succeed, in terms of what the personality ethic suggests ? A. When people have little determination , they will be successful. B. When people have good behaviour, they will gain success. C. If people have positive mental attitude , they are likely to succeed. D. If people have negative mental attitude , they are certain to succeed. 3. How can leaders enjoy outstanding success in their work environments, according to Stephen Covey? A. Firstly they have to think highly of themselves. B. They are supposed to benefit themselves.C. They can not adjust themselves. D. First personally they must manage themselves . 4. What is the meaning of the underlined word “vision”? A. Bright future. B. Good beginning. C. Good scenery. D. Pretty background. 5. To be good leaders , what must managers pay close attention to ? A. They must pay close attention to universal principles of effectiveness. B. They must pay close attention to their own values, abilities and strengths. C. They must pay close attention to modesty. D. They must be concerned about courage and patience. 【参考答案】15、ACDAB阅读理解。Back in the fifteenth century, in a tiny village near Nuremberg, lived a family with eighteen childrenIn spite of the hopeless condition, two of the children, Albrecht Durer and Albert, had a dreamThey both wanted to pursue their talent for artAfter many long discussions, the two boys finally worked out an agreementThey would toss a coinThe loser would go down into the nearby mines and, with his earnings, support his brother who attended the academyThen, when that brother who won the toss completed his studies, in four years, he would support the other brother at the academyTossing a coin, Albrecht Durer won and went off to NurembergAlbert went down into the dangerous mines and, for the next four years, supported his brother, whose work at the academy was almost an immediate sensation（轰动）By the time he graduated, he had earned considerable fees for his outstanding worksWhen the young artist returned to his village, the Durer family held a festive dinner to celebrate Albrechts triumphant（胜利的）homecomingAlbrecht drank a toast to his beloved brother for the years of sacrifice that had enabled him to complete his dream“And now, Albert, blessed brother of mine, now it is your turnNow you can go to Nuremberg to look for your dream, and I will take care of you”Tears streaming down his pale face, Albert sobbed, “NonoIt is too late for meLooklook at what four years in the mines have done to my hands！The bones in every finger have been broken at least once, and lately I have been suffering from arthritis（关节炎）so badly in my right hand that I cannot even hold a glass to return your toast, much less draw delicate lines with a pen or a brush”To show thanks to Albert for all that he had sacrificed, Albrecht Durer painstakingly drew his brothers injured hands with palms together and thin fingers stretched skywardHe called his powerful drawing simply “Hands”, but the entire world almost immediately opened their hearts to his great masterpiece and renamed it “The Praying Hands”The next time you see a copy of that touching creation, let it be your reminderno one ever makes any success alone！【文章大意】本文叙述了有两个兄弟家境贫困，通过扔硬币来决定了弟弟Albrecht Durer去学习艺术了，哥哥 Albert要去危险的矿井干活供弟弟上学。Albrecht Durer毕业后回到自己的村庄，感谢哥哥对他的牺牲和奉献，希望他的哥哥能完成自己的梦想。通过这故事我们可以总结这样一个道理：没有人帮助指导，人们就不会成功的。36Why did the two brothers work out the agreement？AThey were so curious as to make a jokeBTheir family couldnt afford the academyCOne of the brothers was supposed to go into minesDThey wanted to support the other sisters and brothers【答案】B【 解析】推理判断题。根据In spite of the hopeless condition, two of the children, Albrecht Durer and Albert, had a dream可知两个兄弟的家庭比较穷，无法供养他们学习艺术，一次要讨论，在达成一致意见。故选B。37The underlined word “whose” in Para2 refers to _Athe Durer familys Bthe miners CAlberts DAlbrechts【答案】D【 解析】词义猜测题。根据Albrecht Durer won and went off to Nuremberg可知Albrecht Durer赢了，他去学习艺术了。故选D。38Which of the following statements is NOT true about Albrecht Durer？AHe began to earn his living after graduationBHe did perfectly well at the academyCHe wanted his brother to go to the academyDHe created great masterpieces【答案】A【 解析】推理判断题。根据Albrecht drank a toast to his beloved brother for the years of sacrifice that had enabled him to complete his dream可知Albrecht Durer毕业后回到自己的村庄，感谢哥哥对他的牺牲和奉献，希望他的哥哥能完成自己的梦想。因此A项与文章不符合。故选A.39Which of the following is the correct order of the story？aAlbrecht went to Nuremberg bAlbert supported his brothercThe Durer family held a festive dinner dAlbrecht drew his brothers injured handseThe brothers tossed a coinAb, a, c, d, e Ba, e, c, d, b Ce, a, c, b, d De, a, b, c, d【答案】D【 解析】细节理解题。按照事情发展的顺序：先是两兄弟扔硬币来决定谁去上学，然后是Albrecht赢了，去上学了，他的哥哥供他上学；接下来是Albrecht学成归来，杜勒一家为他准备了丰盛的晚餐，最后，Albrecht画了一幅他哥哥受伤的手。故选D。40What can we learn from the story？AOne can achieve success simply on his ownBAny success requires the help of othersCIts other people who contribute to ones successDNobody could succeed without good guidance【答案】B【 解析】推理判断题。根据no one ever makes any success alone可知没有人帮助指导，人们就不会成功的。故选B。 Paul received an automobile from his brother as a Christmas present. On Christmas Eve when Paul came out of his office, a street boy was walking around the shiny new car, admiring it. “Is this your car, Mister?” he asked. Paul nodded. “My brother gave it to me for Christmas.” The boy was astonished. “You mean your brother gave it to you and it didnt cost you anything? Boy, I wish.” He hesitated. Of course Paul knew what he was going to wish for. He was going to wish he had a brother like that. But what the kid said made Paul quite surprised.“I wish,” the boy went on, “that I could be a brother like that.” Paul looked at the boy in astonishment, and then impulsively he added, “Would you like to take a ride in my automobile?”“Oh, yes, Id love that.”After a short ride, the boy turned and with his eyes shining, said, “Mister, would you mind driving in front of my house? Paul smiled a little. He thought he knew what the he wanted. He wanted to show his neighbors that he could ride home in a big automobile. But Paul was wrong again.“Will you stop where those two steps are?” the boy asked. He ran up the steps. Then after a little while Paul saw him coming back, but he was not coming fast. He was carrying his little crippled brother. He sat him down on the bottom step, then sort of squeezed up against him and pointed to the car. “There she is, Buddy, just like I told you upstairs. His brother gave it to him for Christmas and it didnt cost him a cent. And some day Im going to give you one just like it. then you can see for yourself all the pretty things in the Christmas windows that Ive been trying to tell you about.”Paul got out and lifted the kid to the front seat of his car. The shining-eyed older brother climbed in beside him and the three of them began a memorable holiday ride.That Christmas Eve, Paul learned that it was more blessed to give.6. Why did what the boy said surprise Paul?_.A. Because he didnt say what Paul had expected.B. Because he didnt say that he wanted a ride.C. Because he said something impolite.D. Because he said something improper.7. Which of the following is FALSE according to the passage?_.A. The boy had a brother who was disabled.B. Pauls brother gave him a car at Christmas.C. Paul had thought the boy were wishing for a brother like his.D. The boy wanted to show his neighbors that he could ride in a big car.8. What does “she” refer to in paragraph 7?_.A. The steps. B. The automobile.C. The girl. D. The woman. 9 Which of the following best describes the boy?_. A. Kind-hearted and generous. B. Kind-hearted and thoughtful.C. Honest and generous. D. Honest and hardworking.10. What can we learn from the passage? _.A. Having a rich brother is important. B. Its unlucky to have a disabled brother. C. Its better to give than to receive.D. God helps those who help themselves.(B)保罗的哥哥送给保罗一辆漂亮的新车，这时一个男孩过来羡慕地看着，保罗主动让他坐着车并把他的坡脚的弟弟也接上了车奉献比索取好。1、A 事实细节题。根据第二、三段：保罗原以为男孩会说他希望自己也有一个这样的哥哥，而男孩却说他希望自己会成为一个这样的哥哥，因此让保罗惊讶。2、D 事实细节题。根据第五“He wanted to show his neighbors that he could ride home in a big automobile. But Paul was wrong again.”可知。3、B 词义猜测题。根据前面的“pointed to the car”。4、B 推理判断题。从the kid对弟弟的关怀以及向弟弟做出的承诺（some day Im going to give you one just like it）,可以得出他的性格特点。5、C 主旨大意题。作者通过这个故事就是要我们懂得：付出好于获得。阅读理解。Conservationists have unveiled plans to preserve and protect the worlds most important species of coral, in a response to increasing threats that they say will lead to functional extinction within decadesLed by scientists at the Zoological Society of London, the Edge Coral Reefs project has identified 10 coral species in most urgent risk of becoming extinctThe scientists say that reefs are under pressure from a variety of threats including rising sea temperatures due to climatic instability, increased acidity（酸性）, overfishing and pollutionThe Edge plan, which focuses on the most evolutionarily distinct and globally endangered species , will take a regional approach to conservationThis means focusing on the coral triangle around the Philippines, the West Indian Ocean around the Mozambique channel, and in the Caribbean channelCoral reefs are threatened with functional extinction in the next 20-50 years, due predominantly to global climatic instability, said Catherine Head, coordinator of the reefs projectIn these regions, well be supporting and training in-country conservationists to carry out research and implement targeted conservation actions, she saidTheir projects will last initially for two yearsWe provide them with a whole host of tools to carry out their projects including funding and intensive training She addedCoral reefs are the planets most diverse marine ecosystem（生态系统）, known as the rainforests of the oceansDespite taking up under 02% of the ocean floor, they provide food and shelter for almost a third of all sea lifeIf we lose the ecosystems, we lose not only the biodiversity （生物多样性）, but we also lose the capability of people to obtain income and food from coral reefsClimatic instability, which leads to rising sea temperatures, causes corals to bleachBleaching occurs when sea temperatures rise and this causes the coral tissue to expel their symbiotic algae called zooxanthellae - these are what give the coral their colourBleached corals often die if the stress continuesAmong the 10 species chosen to start the Edge project are the pearl bubble coral, a food source for the hawksbill（玳瑁）turtle, and the Mushroom coral, which supports at least 15 brightly colored fish【文章大意】本文您叙述了气候的不稳定导致珊瑚未来10年后将可能会绝迹，因此自然资源保护者正在采取计划保护珊瑚。珊瑚为海洋里三分之一的生物提供食物，是地球上最不同的生态系统。41What does the first paragraph mean in the passage ?AConservationists planned to preserve and protect some extinct corals years agoBConservationists have banned plans to protect endangered corals for yearsCConservationists are going to protect corals that are dying out in several ten yearsDConservationists have made plans to protect corals from being extinct in ten years【答案】C【 解析】主旨大意题。根据preserve and protect the worlds most important species of coral,和increasing threats that they say will lead to functional extinction within decades自然资源保护着正在计划保护未来十几年将可能绝迹的珊瑚。故选C。42What will probably happen to coral species with the increasing threats?ADecrease BLosing functionsCDisappearanceDExistence 【答案】C【 解析】 推理判