新概念英语第一册72-144课重难点

NCE One Lesson 72 144 key points 1 问路的几种 方式 Can you tell me the way to where is How can I get to 2 lose one s way 迷路 ask sb the way 问路 3 put into 把 放进 put on 穿上 put off 延迟 put down 写下 放下 put out 熄灭 播出 put up 张贴 建起 4 take off 脱掉 起飞 take out 取出 擦掉 take turns 轮流 替换 take part in 参加 take over 接收 接管 5 be in fashion fashionable 流行的 out of fashion 过时的 6 I am afraid that 句子 I am afraid that I can t come on time 7 感官动词 feel Sound taste look smell 形容词 The girl looks very lovely 8 see the dentist 看牙医 have an appointment with sb 与某人有约 have a cold have a fever have a toothache 患感冒 发烧 牙疼 9 介词与表时间的名词的搭配 At 某一时刻 at night at noon at dawn 黄昏 midnight 午夜 at present at the moment 此刻 at grocers 杂货店 On 表确定的某一天 生日 节日或某日的上下午晚上 on Sunday on oct 1st on Christmas eve on the morning of children s day on my birthday on a cold day In 季节 年份 月份 早 下 晚上 in the morning 10 make a shopping list 写购物单 go to grocers 去杂货店 11 we haven t got any tea or coffee at all 我们根本没有茶叶也没有咖啡 12 I hope that 后跟从句做宾语 表示希望某人做某事 I hope that you can come back a little early 13 need 的用法 1 情态动词 后加动词原形 无时态变化 只用在疑问句或否定句中 Need I go now Yes I must 或 No I needn t 回答与用 must 提问一样 I needn t do it 2 实义动词 有时态变化 need 名词 She needs your help Need to do I don t need to go need doing 需要 被做某事 The room needs cleaning 表被动 14 情态动词 must 1 表必要性 We must study hard mustn t we I must go to the grcoers 2 表猜测 She must be Lucy Isn t she must be 表示确定的肯定推测 can t be 表确定的否定推测 注 情 态动词表推测 might may could can should must 语气越来越确定 15 have 的用法 1 做助动词 have done 2 表 有 拥有 have got own possess 3 万能词 have breakfast have a drink have a game match have a good time have a letter from sb have a cold have a baby 4 have 名词 动词 walk have a walk rest have a rest 5 做使役动词 have sth done 某事被某人做 I had my hair cut yesterday Have sb do 让某人做某事 I have my sister clean the room once a week Have sb doing 让某人一直 I had the boy standing for whole morning 16 be going to do 将来时 打算要做某事还未做 I am going to take my dinner Be doing 正在进行时 正在做某事 I am doing my home work now 17 Do you want to have lunch with us 你想要和我们一起吃中饭吗 18 形容词 tidy lucky happy important pleasant 变反义词时在前面加否定词缀 un 19 When are you going to have a holiday 你准备什么时候去度假 20 现在完成时 1 构成 主语 助动词 have has 过去分词 2 用法 表示过去发生的和现在有某种联系的动作 常和 just before ever never already since 等时间副词连用 I have just had lunch 饱了 不用再吃了 He has had a cup of tea 不渴了 不用再喝 They have already had their holiday 不能再度假了 The boy has already read the book 已经知道书的内容了 不用再看了 询问别人是否做过某事一般用现在完成时 Have you finished your homework Have you been to Beijing Have he seen the film 表示开始于过去并持续到现在的动作 I have lived in Beijing for twenty years I have worked for this school for 1 year 表示一种经历 经验 去过 地方 做过 事情 经历过 事情 I have never had a bath I have never seen a film I have never been to cinema I have ever been to Paris Have been to 表示去过 have gone to 表示去了 I have been to London 人已经回来 He has gone to London 人还在那里 表示一种结果 一般不和时间副词联用 I have lost my pen I have hurt myself He has become a teacher She has broken my heart 3 句型变化 变疑问句将助动词移到句首 变否定句在助动词后面加 not e g Have you lost your pen I have not lost my pen 肯定回答及否定回答 Yes I have No I have not 特殊疑问句 What have you done What has he done 一般过去时与现在完成时的区别 凡是有明确的表示过去的时间状语的句子为过去时 注意 有些动词表示的动作有一个终点 不能再延续 因此不能和表示一段时间状语连用 错 I ve left Beijing for 3 days leave 是短暂性动词 不能与 for 一段时间的结构连用 对 I left Beijing 3 days ago I have been away from being for 3 days 21 what s on TV tonight 今晚有什么电视节目啊 22 比较 go to school 去上学 go to the school 去学校 go to hospital 去看病 go to the hospital 去医院 Go to church 去做礼拜 go to the church 去教堂 23 all the time 一直 始终 24 like 的用法 动词 喜欢 she likes swimming but she doesn t like to dance today 2 介词 象 what is she like 3 比较 she is like a dog 她象只狗 she likes dog 她喜欢狗 25 不规则动词的过去式和过去分词表格 p179 p183 26 How long have you lived here I have lived here for two years how long 用于现在完成时 I have lived here since 1976 自从 1976 年以来我就住在这儿 27 I believe that this house is for sale 我想这房子要出售把 28 花费 cost spend pay take 词用法的比较 物 cost sb money The bag costs me 100rmb How much does the bag cost 人 spend 时间或金钱 on sth in doing sth I spend 100rmb on the bag in buying the bag 人 pay money for 东西 I pay 100rmb for the bag It takes sb 时间 to do sth it 是形式主语 It takes me 1 hour to finish my work 真正的主语 29 一般将来时 表示将来将要发生的动作 经常和 tomorrow next year the day after tomorrow the year after the next in five hours time etc 表示将来的词联用 结构 主语 助动词 will 动词原形 强调客观 或者 be going to do 强调主观 The pilot will fly to Japan the month after the next Jack will move into his new house tomorrow morning It is going to rain It is going to have a sports meeting tomorrow 变疑问句将助动词或 be 动词提前移到句首 Will the pilot fly to Japan the month after the next Will Jack move into his new house tomorrow morning Is it going to rain Is it going to have a sports meeting tomorrow 变否定句在助动词或 be 动词后面加 not The pilot will not fly to Japan the month after the next Jack will not move into his new house tomorrow morning It isn t going to rain 肯定回答及否定回答 Yes I will No I will not Yes it is No it isn t 特殊疑问句 What will you do 30 two return tickets to London 两张去伦敦的往返票 31 You had better do sth You had better not do sth 后跟动词原形 你最好 32 next door to 与 相邻 在 隔壁 33 catch the train 赶火车 miss the train 错过火车 34 in five 5 hours s time 在 之后 in 一段时间 要用将来时 i will be back in 5 minutes 35 时刻的表达法 1 过了的时间 30 分钟内 past 整点 5 10 ten past five 2 半点 half 5 30 half past five 15 分钟 a quarter 5 15 a quarter past five 3 不到下一个整点的时间 30 60 to 整点 1 1 58 two to two 36 leave sth 地方 I left a suitcase on the train to London 37 英语中写地址从小到大 与中文的相反 37 a book with a beatiful cover 一本带有漂亮封面的书 38 belong to 属于 these things belong to my husband these things are his 39 fell downstairs 从楼上摔下来 40 直接引语与间接引语 注意点 1 时态变化 主句为过去时 从句必须是过去的一种时态 主句是一般现在时或将来时 从句可以视情况 而定为任何一种时态 客观真理都用一般现在时 I am reading books He said He said that he was reading Books I bought a book yesterday she says She says she bought a book the day before The earth runs around the sun the teacher said The teacher said the earth runs around the sun 2 连接词变化 直接引语是陈述句 连接词 为 that 可省略 直接引语为一般疑问句 连接词为 if whether 语序改为陈述句语序 Are you tired she asked She asked if whether you were tired 直接引语为特殊疑问句 连接词为特殊疑问词 语序为陈述句语序 When will Jack arrive Tom asked Tom asked when Jack would arrive 3 时间变化 now then ago before today that day tomorrow the next day yesterday the day before 4 地点变化和人 称变化 41 arrive in 大地方 arrive at 小地方 get to reach 地方 42 形容词 enough do sth 足够 做某事 it is easy enough for to lift the box 43 pass in English 通过英语 pass the English test fail the English test 英语考试失败 44 want sb me her him us them to do don t want sb to do tell sb to do tell sb not to do 45 would you like to try it on 你想要试穿一下吗 46 形容词的比较级和最高级 规则变化 1 单音节词尾加 er est great greater greatest 2 以 e 结尾的单音节加 r st nice nicer nicest 3 以辅音字母 y 结尾的去 y ier 或 iest happy happier happiest lucky luckier luckiest 4 闭音节单音节词 一个辅音字母结尾 双写辅音字母 er 或 est big bigger biggest hot thin 等 5 双音节或多音节的词加 more the most expensive more expensive the most expensive 类似有 beautiful exciting interesting difficult handsome 不规则变化 good well better best bad ill worse worst little less least many much more most far farther farthest Mary is taller than Alice My bag is more expensive than Mary s 比较级用 than 比的两者必须是同级别的 Hellen is the tallest in my class 最高级前需加 the 后面一般需要加个范围 47 形容词的原级 as 形容词 as 象 一样 not as as 不像 一样 This book is as cheap as that one I am not as beautiful as Mary 48 afford to do afford n 支付的起买 I can t afford to buy a house I can t afford a house 我支付不起买一幢房子 49 get off the bus 下车 get on the bus 上车 50 neither nor 既不 也不 I can neither speak English nor French 我既不会说英语也不会法语 51 I have got some chocolate 肯定句 Have you got any chocolate 疑问句 I haven t got any chocolate 否定句 I have got no chocolate I have got none 我没有巧克力 52 be covered with 被 覆盖 The earth is covered with heavy snow 大地被厚厚的大雪覆盖了 52 具体数字 hundred thousand million billon 2 hundred Hundreds of 数以白计 thousands of 成千上万 millions of billions of 53 be surrounded by 被 包围 The old town is surrounded by beautiful woods 古老的小镇被美丽的树林环绕 54 keep 东西 形容词 keep the classroom clean 保持教室干净 55 Someone invited Sally to a party 主动语态 Sally was invited to a party 被动语态 56 be dressed in wear be in 颜色 穿戴着 she was dressed in blue coat she wore blue coat She was in blue 57 make up 化妆 58 make sth 形容词 使得 怎么样 I make myself beautiful 59 a four year old daughter 一个四岁大的女孩 my daughter is 4 years daughter 60 put 的词组 put up 搭建 建立 put out 扑灭 put sb up 为某人安排 安顿好 put up with sb 容忍某人 put down 记 下 写下 put off 推迟 延迟 put away 把 收拾好 放一边 put back 放回 61He wants to know if 是否 why 为什么 when 什么时候 what 什么 He wants to what he is reading 他想知道他在忙什 I want to know if he is free tomorrow 我想知道明天他是否有空 62 条件状语从句 1 真实条件句 主句 即结果 用将来时或祈使句 从句 即 if 引导的条件 用一般现在时 If I have a lot of money I will buy a new apartment If it rains tomorrow I will stay at home 63 直接引语与间接引语 注意点 1 时态变化 主句为过去时 从句必须是过去的一种时态 主句是一般现在时或将来时 从句可以视情况 而定为任何一种时态 客观真理都用一般现在时 I am reading books He said He said that he was reading Books I bought a book yesterday she says She says she bought a book the day before The earth runs around the sun the teacher said The teacher said the earth runs around the sun 2 连接词变化 直接引语是陈述句 连接词为 that 可省略 直接引语为一般疑问句 连接词为 if whether 语序改为陈述句语序 Are you tired she asked She asked if whether you were tired 直接引语为特殊疑问句 连接词为特殊疑问词 语序为陈述句 语序 When will Jack arrive Tom asked Tom asked when Jack would arrive 3 时间变化 now then ago before today that day tomorrow the next day yesterday the day before 4 地点变化和人 称变化 64 make up our minds 打定主意 65 look sth up 查阅 look out 当心 look down upon 看不起 look after 照顾 66 in the end at last at the end of finally 最后 67 take one s advice 听从劝告 68 go abroad 出国 home and abroad 国内外 69 enjoy oneself have a good time have fun 玩得开心 70 spend one s holiday 度假 71 wave to sb 向某人挥手 72 at 速度 价钱 He buy the bag at high price He drive at 70 miles an hour 他以每小时 70 英里的速度开车 73 have to 和 do not need to 不得不和没必要 I will have to get up at 6 o clock tomorrow I don t need to water the garden 我没必要浇花园 74 定语从句 四步走 1 找到句子的主干 2 找到先行词 3 找到与先行词相对应的连接词 4 先行词在 从句中充当的成分 若是宾语连接词可省 This is the photo 句子的主干 that I took during my trip to Australia 先行词为 photo 连接词 that 在从句中充当宾语 可 省略 The man who I served was wearing a hat This is the trip that we traveled on 75 forget to do 忘记要做某事 forget doing sth 忘记已经做过某事 76 He arrived when I was having a bath While I was cooking the dinner he was working in the garden 77 初中英语重要短语 惯用法 句型 1 get on off the bus 上 下车 get up 起床 get ready for 为 作准备 get oneself dressed 自己穿衣服 get in 进入 收集 get sb sth get sth for sb 为某人买某物 get on along well with sb sth 与某人相处很好 进展顺利 2 have an accident 出事故 have a good time enjoy oneself 玩得很高兴 have a cold wet day 天气又冷又湿 have a cough 咳嗽 have a drink of 喝一杯 have a talk 听报告 have lunch 吃午饭 have for lunch 午饭吃 have a meeting 开会 have no idea 不知道 have a rest 休息一下 3 make a mistake 犯错误 mistake A for B 把 A 错认为 B take sth by mistake 错拿某物 4 make friends with 与 交朋友 make faces 做鬼脸 make a fire 生火 make an excuse 找籍口 make a sound 发 音 make tea 沏茶 make room for 为 找出空间 make it 如期赴约 make a team 组成一个队 Let s make it half past one 注意 时间前不用介词 at 5 turn sth on off 打开 关掉 turn sth up down 把 音量开大 小 注意 当 sth 是代词时 常放中间 6 try sth on 试穿 衣 鞋 帽 注意 当 sth 为 it 或 them 常放中间 try out 试验 尝试 try one s best to do sth 尽力干某事 do one s best to do sth 7 send sb away 开除 解雇某人 send sb sth 送给某人某物 send for sb 派人去请某人 send up 发射 8 hear from sb 收到 的来信 hear of 听说 9 hurry off 匆匆离去 赶快去 hurry up 赶快 10 get to 名词 get 副词 不用 to reach 名词 副词 arrive in at 大 小地点 后接副词 不用 at in eg get to Shanghai reach Shanghai arrive in Shanghai 到达上海 eg reach home get home arrive home 到家 11 teach sb English 教某人英语 teach oneself learn sth by oneself 自学 12 到 末为止 by the end of 过去时间 用于过去完成时 by the end of 将来时间 用于一般将来时 at the end of 地点 在 尽头 in the end at last 最后 终于 13 hundreds of 成百上千 five hundred thousands of 成千上万的 six thousand millions of 成百万的 seven million 14 be pleased to do sth 很高兴地干某事 be pleased with sth 为某事而高兴 15 be used for 被用来 used to do sth 过去做 be used as 被当作 be used to doing sth 习惯于做谋事 be used by 被 所使用 be used to do sth 被用来做谋事 16 so far 到目前为止 in the past last few years 用于现在完成时 17 on a Tuesday morning 一个星期二的早上 on the morning of June 15th 1998 在 1998 年 6 月 15 日早上 18 keep sb doing sth 让某人一直干某事 keep doing sth 继续做某事 keep on doing sth 持续不断地做某事 19 much too 形容词 副词原级 实在太 too much 不可数名词 相当多的 eg It s expensive I can t buy it There s rain this year 20