人教版2020年备战中考初中英语专项训练—阅读理解（科普环保类）D卷

第 1 页 共 12 页 人教版人教版 20202020 年备战中考初中英语专项训练年备战中考初中英语专项训练 阅读理解 科普环保类 阅读理解 科普环保类 D D 卷卷 姓名姓名 班级班级 成绩成绩 一 一 阅读理解阅读理解 共共 5 5 题 共题 共 5252 分分 1 10 分 2019 泉州模拟 阅读理解 We usually think that plants always stay quiet and never speak Grass doesn t cry when you cut it flowers don t shout when they re picked But this view of the world couldn t be more wrong Plants talk to each other all the time Their language is one of chemicals Over the years scientists have found that different types of plants from trees to tomatoes send compounds 复合物 into the air to help neighboring plants But exactly how plants receive and act on many of these signals is still a mystery Scientists from Kyoto University in Japan looked at tomato plants that had been bitten by insects To start out they grew plants in two plastic bags connected by a tube 管子 One plant had been bitten by insects The other was not bitten They found that when insects bite plant leaves the plants don t sit quietly They send a chemical called hexvic into the air Humans can t notice it but these chemicals carry a smell that neighboring plants can notice This way neighboring plants realize the danger and begin to give off more hexvic to protect themselves The same scientists continued their research by placing insects on the plants that had not been bitten The plants were able to kill nearly 50 percent of the invaders much more than their neighbor It was surprising that the plants that had not been bitten didn t send the chemical until the received a warning message from their infested 受侵的 neighbor the scientists said These findings could be used to help farmers with the control of the insects which do harm to their plants 1 When bitten by insects the tomato plant A stayed quiet without doing anything 第 2 页 共 12 页 B died immediately after that C sent out a chemical to warn others D wouldn t be hurt again by the same insects 2 What does the underlined word invaders in Paragraph 5 refer to A Scientists B Insects C Compounds D Farmers 3 What can we learn from the research A Tomato plants are easily bitten by insects B The smell of hexvic is a kind of warning message C Hexvic can help plants kill all the insects near them D Plants won t give off chemicals until they are hurt 4 Which of the following is True according to the passage A Plants don t communicate with each other B Scientists did the research with two plants bitten by insects C The findings of the research help farmers to protect their plants D Communication among plants is no longer a mystery 5 What s the best title of the passage A Growing Tomatoes B Talking Plants C Harmful Chemicals 第 3 页 共 12 页 D Scientific Researches 2 12 分 阅读理解 As space science develops man has learned more and more about space Space is not only amazing but also dangerous While working in space spacemen are facing danger as well as success Scientists have found out that radiation 辐射 is the greatest danger to spacemen in space When spacemen are working in space they are in danger of radiation from the sun and other stars which is bad for their health The damage 危害 done by radiation won t be discovered until their children or even grandchildren are born Some special medicine may work a little but no really helpful medicine has been Space junk is also thought a great danger to spacemen It s reported that there are 9 000man made things flying in space About 30 of these are satellites 10 are spaceships and the rest are space junk An explosion 爆炸 in 1996made a cloud of 300 000 fragments each at least 4mm in size and even a small piece of these knocked against a spaceship window and did some damage Scientists are watching and reporting any possible danger all the time They are working on helpful ways to do with space junk Although space is really dangerous it interests everyone on the earth In the near future it may become usual for people to spend a few days in a space hotel We may even choose to leave the earth and live in space in a few years So we should care for space and do something to help improve the space environment 1 shows the man made things in space in the correct way A 第 4 页 共 12 页 B C D 2 Space junk and radiation in space are dangerous to A spacemen working in space B people only on the earth C all the people except children D the old people on the earth 3 The underlined word fragments means A 烟雾 B 泡沫 C 云块 D 碎片 4 Which of the following about the passage 短文 is TRUE 第 5 页 共 12 页 A The passage tells us that radiation in space comes from the sun and other stars B Every one of us can make a trip to space now C Scientists have found out ways to solve any problem in space D People are afraid to travel to space because it s too dangerous 5 The best title 标题 of the passage is A Space Radiation B Space Danger C Space Junk D Space Travel 3 10 分 In the most southern part of our planet there s a place that s covered with snow and ice all year round But it has the clearest and cleanest air Amazingly in this place the sun sometimes hangs even in the midnight sky This place is Antarctica 南极洲 the coldest windiest and harshest 恶劣的 place on the Earth As the world s least known place Antarctica is of great interest to scientists around the world In 1983 China joined the Antarctic Treaty 南极条约 The treaty made Antarctica a peaceful place for member countries to do scientific research During 30 years China has sent many scientists to Antarctica They mostly look at the resources under the icy land and do research about climate change and marine 海洋的 biology Antarctica is a place with fantastic views However life there is very hard Food is one of the biggest problems Frozen food which can be heated easily is people s daily food Fresh vegetables are hard to grow in the cold weather Therefore scientists often eat dried or canned vegetables Sleep is also troublesome In Antarctica summer lasts from November to March During this period Antarctica points to the sun and receives sunlight 24 hours a day In order to get some sleep scientists cover the windows with black plastic cloth to create night Working in Antarctica is dangerous especially when meeting gale force 七级以上的 第 6 页 共 12 页 winds Sometimes the wind is even stronger than a typhoon It can easily blow people away So there are ropes that connect buildings of some research stations People can hold these ropes to keep their balance in forceful winds What s more communicating with others is difficult Without cables and Internet in some research stations two way radios are the only tools to communicate If people want to say hello to friends and relatives they can use satellite phones Although it is challenging 挑战 to work in Antarctica scientists passion to learn about this mysterious land will never end It is hopeful that one day they will step every corner of this icy land 1 Scientists from China go to Antarctica to A find out ways to control water pollution B research climate change and marine biology C grow plants and vegetables in special condition D stop the hunters from killing the marine biology 2 In order to sleep well in Antarctica the scientists have to A wear more clothes to keep warm B cover the windows with black cloth C connect research stations with ropes D eat more fried and canned vegetables 3 We can replace 替换 the underlined word passion in the last paragraph with A strong love 第 7 页 共 12 页 B full preparation C pleasant introduction D amazing imagination 4 The passage is mainly about A view of the Antarctica B exploring the Antarctica C how to survive in the Antarctica D climate changes of the Antarctica 4 10 分 What might the future be like Here are some predictions 预言 Returning home during the Spring Festival is difficult for many Chinese people More than 2 billion people travel at the same time making buying travel tickets and the journey difficult But 28 years later Spring Festival travel may not be a problem at all China plans to build more railways and a fast transportation network that will serve 90 of the population by 2020 And because most of China will be cities people will not have to go to other places to find a job so it will no longer be a problem Oil is running out faster than expected But scientists have found something else for oil as fuel 燃料 Coal natural gas sun power nuclear power 核能 and even water can take the place of oil as energy Schools will go electronic Computers will be important and popular among the students Everything will be in the computer and students will not need to bring books to school They will find information on the Internet A computer will be the students library schoolbag and connection to the outside world There will be robot teachers they will check homework on computers and communicate with the students parents through e mail And school buses will be like spaceships comfortable and safe 1 第 8 页 共 12 页 More than 2 billion people have a hard time returning home during according to the passage A Christmas Day B National Day C the Spring Festival D the Mid autumn Festival 2 In 2020 China will build a fast transportation network that will serve of the population A 60 B 70 C 80 D 90 3 is not mentioned in the passage as energy A Coal B Wind C Nuclear power D Water 4 From the passage we can know in the future A the Spring Festival travel may still be a problem in China B 90 of the population will live in the city 第 9 页 共 12 页 C robot teachers will check students homework D readers can discuss topics with each other face to face 5 What s the main idea of the last paragraph A Schools will go electronic B Computers will be important C There will be robot teachers D School buses will be like spaceships 5 10 分 根据短文理解 选择正确答案 B EVERYDAY since March 8 people all over the world are repeatedly asking the same question Where did Malaysia Airlines Flight MH370 go It turns out to be the saddest answer On March 24 Malaysian Prime Minister 总理 Najib Razak announced that the plane ended in the southern Indian Ocean All 239 people on board including 154 Chinese died The conclusion was based on satellite 卫星 data from the British Air Accidents Investigation Branch and Inmarsat a Britain based satellite company No debris 残骸 of the plane had been found The news sent people especially families of passengers 乘客 into de