情态动词详解、典型例题

情态动词详解 典型例题及模拟试题 1 must can could may might will would shall should need dare must 的肯定式表示 必须 否定式 mustn t 表示 禁止 严禁 的意思 如 You must come here You mustn t take the book away from the library 同义词为 have to do 表示 不得不 一般表示客观原因造成的 不得不 被 迫 如 My car was broken so I had to walk home can 的肯定式表示 能 会 可以 否定式 can t 表示 不能 不会 不可以 如 He can swim I can t swim You can go now 同义词为 be able to do 也表示 能 会 一般表示经过努力才具有的能力 与 can 的区别 主要是它可有时态 如 He was able to count to 10 000 when he was 3 He will be able to walk next month may 表示 可以 否定式 may not 表示 不可以 表示经某人允许 如 You may go home now You may not go home now will 表示 将要 打算 用于将来时 否定式 will not won t 表示 将不 不 打算 如 He will come here next week He won t come home shall 用于第一人称后表示 将要 打算 否定式 shall not 表示 将不 不打 算 如 We shall go home together I shall go there first 用于其他人称后表示 必须 得 与 must 相近 但表示别人认为主语 应该 得 如 He shall go and see his aunt Shall he open the door need 表示 需要 否定式 needn t 表示 不需要 不用 如 He need do some washing You needn t stay here any more dare 表示 敢于 否定式 dare not 表示 不敢 如 He dare say no to wrong things He dare not go home alone at night 注 need 与 dare 除情态动词用法外还有实意动词用法 且意义不变 如 He needs some water He doesn t need to go home He needs to go to the hospital right now 2 could would should might 这四个词除了做过去式外 还表示委婉语 此时与时态无关 could 表示 可以 如 You could open the door Could you please give me the cup Could I come in would 表示 可以 是否可以 此时一般只用疑问式且只用于 you 如 Would you please give me the book Would you please not go away would like to do 表示 愿意 喜欢 如 Would you like to go with me I would like to buy this book should 表示 应该 必须 ought to 用于表示 应该 强调客观上 大多情况可用 should 代替 如 You should give me the book back What should we do next He shouldn t go out on such a bad day You ought to go to see the doctor You oughtn t ought not to smoke so much Each member shall wear a name card 表示规定 I should answer his letter as soon as possible 表示应该 You shouldn t judge a man always by the clothes The rules shall take effect on Jan 1st might 表示 可以 与 may 基本上可互换 但他语气较弱 如 You might go home but you must finish your homework 3 情态动词之间的问答与反义疑问句 May Can I go home now Must I stay here Shall we go now All right Need I return the book Shall I make some tea 典型例题 例 1 It s nearly seven o clock Jack be here at any moment A must B need C should D can 答案为 C 表示有把握的主观推测用 should 不用 can can 表示自然而然 的推测 且很少用于肯定句中 例 2 Mr Brown many students want to see you they wait here or outside A shall B will C can D would 答案为 A shall 用于第三人称时表示征求某人对此人的意见 例 3 When can I come for the photos I need them tomorrow afternoon They be ready by 12 00 A can B should C might D need 答案为 B 同例 1 例 4 I advise you not to do that again in the future A dare B would C should D need 答案为 C 此处 should 译为 必须 表劝告 例 5 When I went out whom I meet but our old friend A should B could C might D would 答案为 A 表示 应该 需不需要 征询意见 例 6 The room is so dirty we clean it Of course A Will B Shall C Would D Do 答案为 B 同上 例 7 What s wrong with your car I don t know It just start A mustn t B couldn t C wouldn t D shouldn t 答案为 C 此处不强调车子的能力 而强调事实本身 故用 wouldn t 且此 句中宜用 can t 而不是 couldn t 例 8 You take my raincoat I do without it till tomorrow morning A may can B may may C can may D must can 答案为 A 前面表示许可 后面表示能够 例 9 How there be such a thing A may B can C must D will 答案为 B 表示可能性大的推测 例 10 He have the book when I finish reading it A will B shall C must D ought 答案为 A 表示将要 例 11 Be quiet please or his voice be heard A can t B mustn t C isn t able to D may not 答案为 D 表示可能性 A 太绝对 例 12 Why you always interrupt me A can B will C may D must 答案为 D 此处表示总得 一定要 例 13 What we to do next A have B used C ought D are 答案为 C ought to do 疑问式 例 14 If your children do as I tell you you let them be A won t shan t B 不填 will C don t shan t D must shall 答案为 C 主将从现 例 15 Man die without air or water A will B shall C should D would 答案为 A 表示大的可能性 例 16 This pen looks like mine yet it isn t Whose it be A must B can C would D will 答案为 B 推测提问 例 17 I to go and apologize for my mistake A Should B Need C Ought D Have 答案为 C ought to do 疑问式 例 18 M