英语六级阅读理解练习题(一)

帮考网 让考试变得更简单 英语六级阅读理解练习题英语六级阅读理解练习题 一一 温馨提示 帮考网外语免费练习题 如需完整题库请登录温馨提示 帮考网外语免费练习题 如需完整题库请登录 The standard of living of any country means the average person s share of the goods and services which the country produces A country s standard of living therefore depends first and foremost on its capacity to produce wealth Wealth in this sense is not money for we do not live on money but on things that money can buy goods such as food and clothing and services such as transport and entertainment A country s capacity to produce wealth depends upon many factors most of which have an effect on one another Wealth depends to a great extent upon a country s natural resources such as coal gold and other minerals water supply and so on Some regions of the world are well supplied with coal and minerals and have a fertile soil and a favorable climate other regions possess perhaps only one of these things and some regions possess none of them The U S A is one of the wealthiest regions of the world because she has vast natural resources within her borders her soil is fertile and her climate is varied The Sahara Desert on the other hand is one of the least wealthy Next to natural resources comes the ability to turn them to use China is perhaps as well off as the U S A in natural resources but suffered for many years from civil and external wars and for this and other reasons was unable to develop her resources Sound and stable political conditions and freedom from foreign invasion enable a country to develop its natural resources peacefully and steadily and to produce more wealth than another country equally well served by nature but less well ordered Another important factor is the technical efficiency of a country s people Old countries that have through many centuries trained up numerous skilled craftsmen and technicians are better placed to produce wealth than countries whose workers are largely unskilled Wealth also produces wealth As a country becomes wealthier its people have a large margin for saving and can put their savings into factories and machines which will help workers to turn out more goods in their working day 1 A country s wealth depends upon A its standard of living B its money C its ability to provide goods and services D its ability to provide transport and entertainment 2 The word foremost means 帮考网 让考试变得更简单 A most importantly B firstly C largely D for the most part 3 The main idea of the second paragraph is that A a country s wealth depends on many factors B the U S A is one of the wealthiest countries in the world C the Sahara Desert is a very poor region D natural resources are an important factor in the wealth or poverty of a country 4 The third paragraph mentions some of the advantages which one country may have over another in making use of its resources How many such advantages are mentioned in this paragraph A 2 B 3 C 4 D 5 5 The second sentence in Paragraph 3 is A the main idea of the paragraph B an example supporting the main idea of the paragraph C the conclusion of the paragraph D not related to the paragraph 答案 答案 1 C 2 A 3 A 4 B 5 B The productivity of Americans employed in private businesses has declined The productivity of workers in countries such as Japan and Germany is increasing American machine tools on average are old relatively inefficient and rapidly becoming obsolete whereas those of our competitors overseas in comparison are newer and more efficient We are no longer the most productive workers in the world We are no longer the leaders in industrial innovation 革新 We are an immensely wealthy nation of educated men and women who seem to have lost sight of the fact that everything from the simplest necessities to the finest luxuries must be produced through our own collective hard work We have come to expect automatic increases in our collective 帮考网 让考试变得更简单 standard of living but we seem to have forgotten that these increases are possible only when our productivity continues to grow One thing that must change is the rate at which we substitute capital equipment for human labor Simply put our labor force has increased at a far greater rate than has our stock of capital investment We seem to have forgotten that our past productivity gains to a large extent were realized from substitutions of capital for human labor Today 3 times as many robots are listed as capital assets by Japanese firms as by United States firms There is no doubt that robots will become a common sight in American factories Representing a new generation of technology robots will replace factory labor much as the farm tractor replaced the horse Robot technology has much to offer It offers higher levels of productivity and quality at lower costs in promises to free men and women from the dull repetitious toil of the factory it is likely to have an impact on society comparable to that made by the growth of computer technology 1 The word obsolete Para 1 most probably means A weak B old C new D out of date 2 The author is anxious about A his people no longer taking the lead in industrial innovation B his country no longer being a wealthy nation C his people forgetting to raise their productivity D his country falling behind other industrial nations 3 According to the author in his country A the proportion of labor force to capital investment is quite low B the growth rate of labor force should be greater than that of capital investment C the productivity increases should be achieved by the increases of labor force D capital investment should have increased more rapidly than labor force 4 So far as the influence on society is concerned A robot technology seems to be much more promising than computer technology 帮考网 让考试变得更简单 B computer technology has less to offer than robot technology C robot technology can be compared with computer technology D robot technology cannot be compared with computer technology 5 The purpose of the author in writing this passage is to show that A robots will help increase labor productivity B robots will rule American factories C robots are cheaper than human laborers D robots will finally replace humans in factories 答案 答案 1 D 2 C 3 D 4 C 5 A Sugar is so much a part of our modern life that we only really think about it when for some 1 we cannot obtain it It has been known to man for at least 3 000 years but has 2 into common use only in 3 times Until quite recently it was considered as a medicine and as a luxury for the very rich only Sugar is then 4 to our civilization But what 5 is it Of course most of us recognize sugar immediately as the sweet material which we put in coffee or cakes This common form of sugar is derived from two plants the sugar cane a type of grass which grows to a height of twenty feet and the sugar beet which grows under ground But there are in fact many types of sugar and the chemist recognizes hundreds of different 6 each coming from a different source About 90 of the sugar is produced as food Only 10 is used in industry for 7 other than food production Yet sugar has great possibilities for use as the basis of chemicals It can even be used for making plastics In the future these potential uses will certainly be developed more than in the past There are many reasons why we should 8 the production of sugar Most important is that it is one of the most highly concentrated of energy foods Thus sugar cane and beet produce an average of 7 000 000 calories per acre In this way they have the advantage over potatoes which give only 4 000 000 while the 9 for wheat and beans is 2 000 000 each So three acres of land growing wheat beans and potatoes give only 10 more energy than one acre of sugar A slightly B intention C reason D modern 帮考网 让考试变得更简单 E strongly F figure G come H significant I exactly J increase K proposals L turn M purposes N varieties O serious 答案 答案 I C 2 G 3 D 4 H 5 I 6 N 7 M 8 J 9 F 10 A More than 60 percent of all high school graduates continue their formal education after graduation Many attend colleges that offer four year programs leading to a bachelor s degree College students are called undergraduates and their four years of study are divided into the freshman sophomore junior and senior years In most colleges the first two years are designed to provide a broad general education and during this time the college student is usually required to take courses in general areas of study such as English science foreign languages and social science By the junior year the student begins to major in one particular field of study or discipline Some institutions of higher learning offer only the four year college program A university offers graduate or post college programs as well Graduate degrees in fields such as English literature chemistry and history are granted by graduate schools of arts and sciences These schools may offer one or two year programs leading to a master s degree M A and programs lasting three years or more that lead to the degree of doctor of Philosophy Ph D A candidate for a Ph D must meet certain course requirements in his field pass written and oral examinations and present a written thesis based on original research Some universities offer postdoctoral programs that extend study and research beyond the Ph D Many universities also have what are called professional schools for study in such fields as law medicine engineering architecture social work business library science and education Professional schools differ widely in their requirements for admission and the lengths of their programs Medical students for example must complete at least three years of premedical studies at an undergraduate school before they can enter the three or four year program at a medical school Engineering and architecture students on the other hand can enter a four or five year professional school immediately upon completion of secondary school The various disciplines or fields of study are organized by department These departments are staffed by faculty members ranging from full professors to instructors A full professor has tenure which is permanent appointment with guaranteed employment at the institution until his retirement Ranking below the full professors are the associate professors who may or may not have tenure depending on the policy of the particular college or university Next are the assistant professors who do not have tenure At the bottom of this academic ladder are the instructors They are usually young teachers who have just received their doctorates or will receive them shortly Sometimes graduate 帮考网 让考试变得更简单 students are employed as part time teaching assistants while they are completing their graduate work Today almost 5 million men and more than 3 million women attend more than 2500 colleges and universities Approximately 85 percent of these schools are coeducational which means that both men and women are enrolled in the same institutions Colleges range in size from a few hundred students to many thousands Several universities have more than 20 000 undergraduate and graduate students on one campus A number of large state institutions maintain branches on several different campuses throughout the state Classes vary from seminars or small discussion groups of fewer than twenty to large lecture courses for hundreds of students Approximately one fourth of all college and university students attend private institutions The rest study at state or municipal publicly financed colleges and universities Every state has at least one public university and in addition there are several hundred state and locally supported colleges The academic programs of these private and public institutions are very similar Indeed there are only a few important differences between public and private colleges Private colleges are privately organized and privately run public institutions are operated under the control of state or local officials The other differences involve admissions policies and the methods by which public and private institutions are financed Admission to a state university is usually open to all men and women who have graduated from high schools of the state and who have satisfactory high school records Many state universities require students to earn high scores on achievement and aptitude examinations but the underlying philosophy is that all students who want an education and are qualified should have the opportunity to continue their education at public institutions Tuition rates are low compared to private college costs and scholarship aid and loans are frequently available A few nonresidents are admitted to state schools but they must pay much higher tuition fees than residents of the state Admission to some private colleges is more selective and rigid than admission to some public institutions and frequently the student body is smaller High school applicants to some private colleges must submit detailed application forms and they must take scholastic aptitude and achievement examinations College admissions committees decide which students to accept basing their judgment on these applications the results of the examinations high school records and other factors such as personal interviews with the applicants and letters of recommendation from high school teachers For certain colleges such as Harvard Yale Princeton Stanford and Columbia applications usually far exceed the number of students who are accepted In 1975 for example Harvard received 7620 applications for 1500 available places The average private college tuition in the early 1970s was 2161 a year This figure was approximately four times greater than the average public college tuition At Harvard 帮考网 让考试变得更简单 tuition cost 3200 in 1973 1974 The University of Massachusetts a publicly supported institution in the same state charged 300 for a state resident These tuition figures do not include the costs of room food and other everyday living expenses Some students receive scholarship assistance and loans to help pay for the cost of their education Many students at private and public colleges work while they are attending school in order to pay their expenses Almost 1500 American colleges and universities are privately organized and financed More than half the income of these institutions comes from student tuition payments The rest comes from private gifts endowment earnings and some federal research grants Because of steadily rising costs many private institutions have had to raise tuition rates reduce scholarship aid and limit some academic programs The poor financial condition of most private institutions is a very serious problem in the world of higher education today Student fees account for only 15 percent of the income of public colleges and universities The rest comes from municipal or state and some federal government sources Although public institutions have also experienced the problem of rising costs they have often been able to depend on state legislators for finan