定语从句专练

1 定语从句 You reach a point where medicine can t help 你已到了药物无法治疗的地步 Today we ll discuss a number of cases where beginners of English fail to use the language properly 今天 我们将讨论一些英语初学者对英语使用不当的问题 To those successful deaf dancers dancing is an activity where sight matters more than hearing 对对那些失聪的成功舞蹈演员来说 舞蹈是一种视觉比听觉重要的活动 He got into a situation where it is hard to decide what is right and wrong 他陷入一种 难以分辨是非的局面 It s put me in a position where I can t afford to take the job 这使我陷入一种不能接受此工作的境地 总结 地点名词或者 situation point activity case position 等抽象名词用关系副词 where 1 To those successful deaf dancers dancing is an activity sight matters more than hearing 07 天津卷 A when B whose C which D where 2 Today we ll discuss a number of cases beginners of English fail to use the language properly 07 陕西卷 A which B as C why D where 3 After graduation she reached a point in her career she had to decide what to do 07 江西卷 A that B what C which D where 介词 关系代词 引导的定语从句 1 介词 which 在关系分句中分别可作时间 地点和原因状语 代替相应的 关系副词 when where 和 why 如 I still remember the day on which when I first came to school 我仍然记得初 来学校的那一天 The factory in which where I work is a large one 我工作的工厂是一个大厂 子 This is the reason for which why he was put in prison 这就是他为什么被关 起来的原因 2 复合介词 which 指物 whom 指人 在关系分句中作地点状语 表 示存在关系 关系分句主谓常须倒装 如 2 They arrived at a farm house in front of which sat a small boy 他们来到一处农 舍 前边坐着一个小男孩 I saw a man on the head of whom stood a bird 我看见一个人 他的头上有一只 鸟 3 不定代词 some all most few none 名词 形容词比较级 最高级或数 词 of which 指物 whom 指人 在关系分句中作主语 说明整体中的 一部分 如 China has a lot of islands one of which is Taiwan 中国有许多岛屿 其中之一 是台湾岛 There are a lot of students here none of whom like the film 这里有许多学生 他们之中无人喜欢这部电影 选用介词的依据 1 根据定语从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯 即固定短语 例如 Yesterday we visited the West Lake for which Hangzhou is famous 2 根据先行词的搭配习惯 约定俗成 不一定是短语 例如 The old woman with whom you talked just now is a famous artist 3 根据句子的意思来选择 例如 The naughty boy made a hole in the wall through which he could see what is happening outside 4 表示 所有 关系或 整体中的一部分 时 通常用介词 of 例如 I have about 20 books half of which were written by Bing Xin the famous writer 二 在定语从句中 含介词的短语动词不可拆开使用 短语拆开后含义发生变 化 如 look after look for 等 例如 The babies whom the nurses are looking after are very healthy 正 The babies after whom the nurses are looking are very healthy 误 限制性与非限制性定语从句 The old woman with whom you talked just now is a famous artist There are a lot of students here none of whom like the film Do you remember the girl who taught us English We walked down the village street where they were having market day 区别点限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句 从句与先行词 的关系 从句是先行词不可缺少的部分 省 去主句意思不完整 从句只是对主句的附加 说明 如果省去 主句 意思不完整 标点无逗号有逗号 关系词关系代词做宾语可省略做宾语不能省 不能用 that 引导 3 先行词名词或代词名词或代词或整个句子 例 1 他送给他母亲一台彩电作为生日礼物 这使她非常高兴 误 He gave his mother a color TV set for her birthday that pleased her a lot 正 He gave his mother a color TV set for her birthday which pleased her a lot 例 2 他没通过这次考试 令我很失望 误 He didn t pass the exam that disappointed me 正 He didn t pass the exam which disappointed me 例 1 A middle aged woman killed her husband which frightened me very much 一个中年女子杀害了自己的丈夫 这令我十分恐惧 例 2 A five year old boy can speak two foreign languages which surprises all the people present 一个五岁男孩会讲两门外语 这令所有在场的人感到非常惊讶 1 She heard a terrible noise brought her heart into her mouth A it B which C this D that 2 Have you ever been to Xi an I left ten years ago A which B whose C that D 3 The weather turned out to be very good was more than we could expect A what B which C that D it 4 His English used to be very poor is now excellent A which B that C it D whom 5 Some of the roads were flooded makes o ur journey more difficult A that B it C which D who 6 I ll find a nice girl I want to marry A who B whom C that D which 7 I ll come at ten I ll be free A which B that C when D what 8 She has two brothers are teachers A who B that C whom D 9 Which answer is NOT true This is the factory I visited yesterday A that B which C D where 10 I still remember the days I spent in Beijing A when B what C that D during as which 引导的非限制性定语从句 指代整个主句 As our teacher points out that book is of benefit to everyone He failed in the exam again which was unexpected 4 1 as 指前面提到过的事实或情况 可以放在句首 句末 也可以插入主句中 而 which 指前面提到的事实或情况 一般放在主句之后 有时也可用 as 如 As our teacher points out that book is of benefit to everyone Heat is a form of energy as is known to all of us This machine as might be expected has stopped operating 3 as 含有正如 按照 正像之意 一般用在肯定句中 而 which 则可以用 于含否定意义的句子中 如 He failed in the exam again as was expected He failed in the exam again which was unexpected 下列固定结构 一般不能用 which 如 as has been said before 如前所述 as often happens 正像经常发生的那样 as is well known 众所周知 as will be shown in Fig 3 将如图 3 所示 as we know 正如我们知道的那样 as may be imagined 这可以想像得出来 as we all can see 正如我们大家看到的那样 as is often the case 情况常常如此 as follows 如下 1 2014 北京 26 I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week my classmates recommended to me A whoB whichC when D where 2 2014 江苏 22 The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication especially at work a good impression is a must A whichB when C asD where 3 2014 浙江 5 I didn t become a serious climber until the fifth grade I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree A when B whereC whichD why 4 2014 山东 10 A company profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad 5 A whichB whoseC whoD why 5 2014 福建 31 Students should involve themselves in community activities they can gain experience for growth A whoB when C whichD where 6 2014 安徽 22 The exact year Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008 A when B whereC whyD which 7 2014 重庆 9 We ll reach the sales targets in a month we set at the beginning of the year A whichB whereC when D what 8 2014 陕1西 13 Please send us all the information you have about the candidate for the position A thatB whichC asD what 9 2014 江西 28 Among the many dangers sailors have to face probably the greatest of all is fog A whichB what C whereD when 1 2013 安徽卷 T29 Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012 made one of the Chinese people s long held dreams come true A itB thatC whatD which 2 2013 江苏卷 T32 The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China he remembers starting as early as his childhood A where B whichC whatD when 3 2013 山东卷 T31 There is no simple answer is often the case in science 4 2013 山东卷 T35 Finally he reached a lonely island was completely cut off from the outside world A whenB whereC whichD whom 5 2013 浙江卷 T5 The children had played the whole day long were worn out A all of whatB all of which C all of themD all of whom 6 2013 浙江卷 T13 The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built A what B where C when D why 7 2013 四川卷 T9 Nowadays people are more concerned about the 6 environment they live A what B whichC whenD where 8 2013 重庆卷 T24 John invited about 40 people to his wedding most of are family members A themB thatC whichD whom 9 2013 辽宁卷 T34 He may win the competition he is likely to get into the national team A in which caseB in that case C in what case D in whose case 10 2013 天津卷 T6 We have launched another man made satellite is announced in today s newspaper A that B which C who D what 11 2013 福建卷 T27 The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those lives were affected A whoseB thatC whoD which 12 2013 北京卷 T27 Many countries are now setting up national parks animals and plants can be protected A whenB whichC whoseD where 13 2013 湖南卷 T21 Happiness and success often come to those are good at recognizing their own strengths A whom B who C what D which 14 2013 江西卷 T33 He wrote a letter he explained what had happened in the accident A whatB whichC whereD how 15 2013 新课标全国卷 T33 You can t judge a book by its cover A as the saying goes oldB goes as the old saying C as the old saying goesD goes as old the saying 16 2013 新课标全国卷 T4 2013 大纲版全国卷 T24 When I arrived Bryan took me to see the house I would be staying A what B whenC whereD which 16 2013 陕西卷 T16 is often the case with children Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived A ItB That C WhatD As 1 2012 重庆卷 T29 Sales director is a position communication ability is just 7 as important as sales skills A whichB that C whenD where 2 2012 湖南卷 T34 Care of the soul is a gradual process even the small details of life should be considered A what B in what C whichD in which 3 2012 山东卷 T23 Maria has written two novels both of have been made into television series A them B thatC whichD what 4 2012 福建卷 T23 The air quality in the city is shown in the report has improved over the past two months A that B it C as D what 5 2012 安徽卷 T29 A lot of language learning has been discovered is happening in the first year of life so parents should talk much to their children during that period A asB it C which D this 6 2012 全国卷 T8 That evening I will tell you more about later I ended up working very late A thatB whichC what D when 7 2012 北京卷 T26 When deeply absorbed in work he often was he would forget all about eating or sleeping A that B whichC whereD when 8 2012 江西卷 T28 By 16 30 was almost closing time nearly all the paintings had been sold A whichB whenC what D that 9 2012 陕西卷 T14 It is the third time that she has won the race has surprised us all A thatB whereC whichD what 10 2012 天津卷 T7 I wish to thank Professor Smith without help I would never have got this far A who B whoseC whomD which 11 2012 浙江卷 T9 We live in an age more information is available with greater ease than ever before A why B when C to whom D on which 12 2012 浙江卷 T17 Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature for some reason had withdrawn from all human society A whichB who C whereD whom 13 2012 江苏卷 T22 After the flooding people were suffering in that area urgently needed clean water medicine and shelter to survive A whichB who C whereD what 14 2012 四川卷 T13 In our class there are 46 students half wear glasses A in whom B in them C of whom D of them 1 2011 四川卷 T 17 The school shop customers are mainly students is closed for the holidays A which B whose C when D where 8 2 2011 全国卷 I T31 The prize will go to the writer story shows the most imagination A that B which C whose D what 3 2011 山东卷 T32 The old town has narrow streets and small houses are built close to each other A theyB whereC what D that 4 2011 江西卷 T34 She showed the visitors around the museum the construction had taken more than three years A for which B with which C of which D to which 5 2011 浙江卷 T8 English is a language shared by several diverse cultures each of uses it somewhat differently A which B what C them D those 6 2011 浙江卷 T10 A bank is the place they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain A when B that C where D there 7 2011 陕西卷 T11 I walked up to the top of the hill with my friends we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake A which B where C who D that 8 2011 湖南卷 T25 Julie was good at German French and Russian all of she spoke fluently A who B whom C which D that 9 2011 天津卷 T10 The days are gone physical strength was all you needed to make a living A when B that C where D which 10 2011 上海卷 T39 You ll find taxis waiting at the bus station you can hire to reach your host family A whichB where C whenD as 11 2011 江苏卷 T24 Between the two parts of the concert is an interval the audience can buy ice cream 9 A whenB whereC thatD which 12 2011 全国卷 II T7 Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T shirt is a stupid thing to do in such weather A this B that C what D which 13 2011 安徽卷 T28 Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator it will keep for two or three weeks A when B which C where D while 14 2011 福建卷 T24 She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students allows them to communicate freely with each other A which B where C what D who 15 2011 福建卷 T33 It was April 29 2011 Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony A that B when C since D before 16 2011 北京卷 T26 Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others of course made all the others upset A who B which C what D that 1 2010 全国卷 I T24 As a child Jack studied in a village school is named after his grandfather A which B whe