不定式做宾语补足语及练习

不定式作宾语补足语的类型 动词不定式既有动词的性质 又有名词的性质 它没有人称和数的变化 在句子中不 能独立作谓语 动词不定式在句子中可以作主语 宾语 宾语补足语 定语 状语 表语 同位语等 动词不定式在句子中可以用作宾语补足语 常用的 动词 宾语 不定式 的句子 结构中 不定式作宾语补足语的有以下八种类型 下列句子中划线部分作宾语补足语 一 许多动词可跟一个宾语 to do 构成句子 句中的不定式作宾语补足语 否定形 式为 动词 宾语 not to do 例如 do sb sth to do sth My boss told me to type out two letters 分析 句中 My boss 做主语 told 作谓语 me 作宾语 划线部分作宾语补足语 请 看下面的句子 They forbade her to leave the country Please remind me not to be late for the meeting 高中范围内 适用于 动词 宾语 not to do 的结构 不定式作宾语补足语的动词有 advise allow ask beg cause direct encourage expect forbid force invite order permit persuade remind request require teach tell want warn 等 二 有些动词可跟 宾语 to be 构成句子 句中的不定式作宾语补足语 例如 I consider him to be the best candidate 分析 句中 I 做主语 consider 作谓语 him 作宾语 划线部分作宾语补足语 请看下面 的句子 I know him to be a liar I suppose him to be away from home 高中范围内 适用于 动词 宾语 to be 的结构 不定式作宾语补足语的动词有 consider declare discover feel find suppose 等 三 有些动词 感官动词和使动词 后可跟不带 to 的不定式构成句子 句中的不定式作宾语 补足语 例如 He saw her enter the room 分析 句中 He 做主语 saw 作谓语 her 作宾语 划线部分作宾语补足语 请看下面的 句子 She won t let me do it I heard her lock the door We watched the children play games 高中范围内 适用于 动词 宾语 do 的结构 不定式作宾语补足语的动词有 feel have hear let make notice observe see watch 等 还有两个词组 listen to look at 注意 这类句子变为被动结构时 不定式前加 to 请看下列句子 句中划线部分作宾语补足 语 例如 A child was seen to enter the building She was often he 3 在使役动词后作宾语补足语 不定式不带 to 有些动词跟不定式作宾语补足语时省去了 to 这些动词有 一感二听三让四观看 一感 feel 二听 hear listen to 三让 let have make 四观看 observe see watch look at 这类动词有 make let have 等 转为被动语态时 其后通常都用带 to 的不定式 have 没有 被动语态 What would you have me do 你要我做什么 She made him give up smoking 她让他戒了烟 Let him do whatever he wishes to do 他想干什么就让他干吧 ard to sing this song 四 help 后的不定式可加 to 也可不加 to 美国人不加 to 时较多 但被动结构中要加 to 例如 I ll help you to push the cart 分析 句中 I 做主语 will help 作谓语 you 作宾语 划线部分作宾语补足语 上句的被动语态为 You ll be helped to push the cart 五 有些 动词 介词 的结构后也可跟不定式构成句子 句中的不定式作宾语补足语 例如 He shouted to me to come over 分析 句中 He 做主语 shouted 作谓语 to 为介词 me 作宾语 划线部分作宾语补足语 请看下列句子 句子的结构为 动词 介词 宾语 to do 划线部分为不定式 作宾语补 足语 请看下面的句子 I depend on you to do it I am counting on you to help me through 高中范围内 适用于 动词 介词 宾语 to do 的结构 不定式作宾语补足语的动词有 shout to sb to do call on sb to do count on sb to do depend on sb to do wait for sb to do 等 六 作宾语补足语的不定式 表示的动作在谓语所表示情况之前发生 就需要用完成形式 He was known to have worked for the International Olympic Committee 分析 句中 He 做主语 was known 作谓语 使用了被动语态 由句意可知 为国际奥委 会工作 发生在前 大家知道 发生在后 故不定式部分用完成形式 在句中作宾语补足语 请看下面的句子 They are believed to have discussed the problem 七 作宾语补足语的不定式 表示一个正在进行的动作时需用进行形式 He is believed to be living in Mexico 分析 句中 He 做主语 isbelieved 作谓语 使用了被动语态 由于句子表达主语现在正在 发生的情况 故用不定式的进行形式 句中划线部分作宾语补足语 请看下列句子 Thousands were reported to be working in concentration camps He is thought to be hiding in the woods 间或不定式作宾语补足语也可用于完成进行时 例如 She is said to have been doing this work for twenty years 八 不定式作宾语补足语的被动形式 he didn t want her son to be taken away 分析 句中 She 做主语 didn t want 作谓语 her son 作宾语 由于 her son 与 take away 之间为被动关系 故用被动形式 句中划线部分作宾语补足语 请看下列句子 I d like this room to be redecorated He didn t wish the subject to be mentioned in the letter 练习 1 They knew her very well They had seen her up from childhood 1988 全国 A grow B grew C was growing D to grow 2 The teacher asked us so much noise 2003 北京 A don t make B not make C not making D not to make 3 My advisor encouraged a summer course to improve my writing skills 2004 北京 A for me taking B me taking C for me to take D me to take 4 The flu is believed by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat 2004 上海 A causing B being caused C to be caused D to have caused 5 Is Bob still performing I m afraid not He is said the stage already as he has become an official 2005 江苏 A to have left B to leave C to have been left D to be left 6 The mother felt herself cold and her hands trembled as she read the letter from the battlefield 2006 上海 A grow B grown C to grow D to have grown 7 Energy drinks are not allowed in Australia but are brought in from New Zealand 2006 上海 A to make B to be made C to have been made D to be making 答案 1 A 2 D 3 D 4 C 5 A 6 A 7 B 编辑 赵露 5 2 There s a hole in your bag I know I m going to have it A mend B mending C mended D to be mended 3 Though he had often made his little sister today he was made by his little sister A cry to cry B crying crying C cry cry D to cry cry 4 They would not allow him ac ross the enemy line A to risk going B risking to go C for risk to go D risk going 5 I found the door when I got home A opened B close C unlocking D open 6 The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in th e street but his mother told him A not to B not to do C not do D do not to 7 I couldn t do my homework with all that noise A going on B goes on C went on D to go on 8 With a lot of difficult problems the newly elected president is having a hard time A settled B settling C to settle D being settled 9 I advised at once A him to starting B him to start C to starting D to start 10 When I put my hand on h is chest I could feel his heart still A beat B to be beating C beating D was beating 11 You had better get a doctor your bad tooth A pull out B to pull out C pulled out D pulling out 12 He managed to make himself wi th his English A understand breaking B understand broken B C understood brea king D understood broken 13 The doctor asked him not to leave his wound A expose B exposed C to expose D exposing 14 They are going to have the service man an electric fan in the office tomorrow A install B to install C to be installed D installed 6 15 After a few rounds of talks both sides regarded the territory dispute A being settled B to be settled C had settled D as settled 16 You will see this product wherever you g o A to be advertised B advertised C advertise D advertising 17 His remarks left me about his real purpose A wondered B wonder C to wonder D wondering 18 When I caught him me I stopped buying things there and started dealing with another shop A cheating B cheat C to cheat D to be cheating 19 Though he had often made his littl e sister today he was made by his little sister A cry to cry B crying crying C cry cry D to cry cry 20 Did you intend us the new method A using B to use C using D are using 21 The teacher encouraged us good compositions A Writing B written C to write D is writing 22 The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street but his mother told him A not to B not to do C not do it D do not to 23 Mrs Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had went wr ong again A it B it repaired C repaired D to be repaired 24 With a lot of difficult problems the newly elected president is having a hard time A settled B settling C to settle D being settled 25 With trees flowers and grass everywhere my native town had taken on a new look A planting B planted C to plant D to be planted 26 She was glad to see her child well care of A take B to be taken C taken D taking 7 27 The result of the entrance exams was not made to the public until last Thursday A knowing B known C to know D to be known 28 I can make you what I say but you can t make yourself in English A understand understand B understand understood C to understand understand D u nderstand to be understood 29 He found them at a table A sat to play chess B sitting to play chess C seated playing chess D seat play the chess 30 John rushed out in a hurry the door A leaving unlocked B leaving unlocking C left unlocked D to leave unlocking 31 We ar e pleased to see the problem so quickly A settled B settling C be settled D having been settled 32 I could feel the wind o n my face from an open window A to blow B blowing C to be blowing D blown 33 production up by 60 th e company has had another excellent year A As B For C With D Through 34 everything she left the supermarket with satisfaction A As buying B For to buy C With bought D Because to buy 35 Don t leave the water while you brush your teeth 天津 2004 A run B running C being run D to run 36 He looked around and caught a man his hand into the pocket of a passenger A put B to be putting C to put D putting 37 Laws that punish parents for their little children s actions against the laws get parents 重庆 2004 A worried B to worry C worrying D worry 38 The teacher asked us so much nois e 北京 2003 A don t make B not make C not making D not to make 39 An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered clear 8 warnings before firing any shots 上海 2003 A to issue B being issued C to have issued D to be issued 40 Good morning Can I hel p you I d like to have this package Madame A be weighed B to be weighed C to weigh D weighed 41 Father will not us to use hi s recorders A have B let C agree D allow 42 John was made the truck for a week as punishment A to wash B washing C wash D to be washing 43 The missing boys were last seen near the river A playing B to be playing C play D to play 44 Paul doesn t have to be made He always works hard A learn B to learn C learned D learning 45 Seeing the sun above the surface of the sea we let out a shout of joy A to rise B to raise C rising D raising 46 I was disappointed to find his suggestions A been turned down B turned down C to be turned down D to turn down 47 The patient was warned oily food after the operation A to eat to B eating not C not to eat D not eating 48 The speaker raised her voice but still couldn t make herself A hear B hearing C to hear D heard 49 If you go to Xi an you ll find the palaces there more magnificent than commonly A supposing B to suppose C supposed D suppose 50 It s so cold today we must keep the fire A to burn B burning C burn D burnt 51 The mother was asked let her children TV every evening A not to watch B not to to watch C not watch D not watching 52 They didn t observe her in and go upstairs A come B came C to come D coming 53 How about the two of us a walk down the garden MET93 17 9 A to take B take C taking D to be taking 54 I have had my bike and I m going to have some