As引导的各种从句归纳

As 引导的从句引导的从句 一 一 As 引导让步状语从句引导让步状语从句 为了帮助同学们全面掌握让步状语从句的倒装 用法 本文将这类语法现象归纳为以下五种句型 1 名词名词 as though 主语主语 动词动词 King as he was he was unhappy 他虽是国王 但他并不幸福 Child as he is he knows to help other 他虽是 个孩子 却知道帮助别人 说明 其中的动词通常为连系动词 也就是说 位于句首的名词是其后连系动词的表语 另外 要特 别注意位于句首的名词前习惯上不用冠词位于句首的名词前习惯上不用冠词 即使其前 有形容词修饰也不用冠词 比较 Boy as though he is he likes to play with girls Though he is a boy he likes to play with girls 他虽是男孩 却喜欢与女孩子玩 Strong man as though he is General Botha has been severely put to the test during the past few weeks Though he is a strong man General Botha has been severely put to the test during the past few weeks 波赛将军虽然坚强 但 在过去的数周里也受到了严峻的考验 2 形容词形容词 as though 主语 动词 Successful as he is he is not proud 他虽然 成功 但不骄傲 Improbable as it seems it s true 虽然看起 来不太可能 但却是真的 Stupid as it sounds I was so in love with her that I believed her 尽管听起来很愚蠢 我是如此爱 她竟然相信了她的话 Patient as he was he didn t like waiting that long 他虽说有耐心 也不愿等这么长 Beautiful though the necklace was we thought it was over priced 那条项链虽然很漂亮 我们认为价钱太高 说明 其中的动词也通常为连系动词 也就是 说位于句首的形容词是其后连系动词的表语 3 副词副词 as though 主语 动词 Much as I like Paris I couldn t live there 尽管 我喜欢巴黎 但我不能住在那里 Hard though they tried they couldn t make her change her mind 尽管他们做了很大努力 却没 法让她改变主意 Fast as you read you can t finish the book in two days 尽管你读得很快 你总不能在两天之内就 读完这本书 He was unable to make much progress hard as he tried 尽管他做了努力 却未能取得很大进步 说明 有的词典将 much as 作为习语看待 认为它是一个用以引导让步状语从句的复合连词 再 如 Much as I admire him as a writer I do not like him as a man 他作为一名作家我很佩服他 但我却 不喜欢他这个人 Much as I like you I couldn t live with you 我 尽管很喜欢你 却不能和你在一起生活 4 动词原形动词原形 as though 主语 动词 Object as you may I ll go 纵使你反对 我也要 去 Try as he might he couldn t solve the problem 尽管他想方设法 却未解决这个问题 Search as they would they would find nobody in the house 无论怎样搜查 他们在房子里仍然没 有找到一个人 Dislike him as we may we must acknowledge his greatness 尽管我们不喜欢他 但必须承认他的 伟大 Lose money as I did we got a lot of experience 钱虽然丢了 我们却得到了许多经验 Fail in the election as he did he became famous for his fiery speech against slavery 尽管落 选了 但他却以其反对奴隶制的激烈演说而出了名 说明 主语后的动词通常为 may might would did 等情态动词或助动词 若 表示情态意义 则选用情态动词 若陈述事实 则用 did do 等助动词 5 分词分词 as though 主语 动词 Raining hard as it is I m going out for a walk 虽然正在下着大雨 我还是要出去散步 Surrounded as we were by the enemy we managed to march forward 虽然我们被敌人包围着 但我们还是设法前进了 Munching the apple as he was he had got an eye for all John s movements 他尽管在一个劲地嚼 着苹果 但仍警惕着约翰的一举一动 6 补充说明 1 这类倒装倒装的让步状语从句可用 as though 来引导 不能用 although 来引导 但是 未倒装未倒装的让步状语从句却可用 though although 来引导 而不能用 as 来引导 也就是 说 although 引导让步状语从句时不能倒装 引导让步状语从句时不能倒装 as 引导让步状语从句时必须倒装 而引导让步状语从句时必须倒装 而 though 引导让引导让 步状语从句时可以倒装也可以不倒装 步状语从句时可以倒装也可以不倒装 如 虽然很晚了 但我们还是继续工作 正 Late as though it was we still went on working 正 Though it was late we still went on working 误 Late although it was we still went on working 误 As it was late we still went on working 2 上面提到的倒装结构有时也可用来表示原因 区别的办法主要看句子的内容 让步从句的内容大多 数与主句在意义上相反 而原因从句则与主句之间有 因果关系 比较 Tired as he was he sat up late studying at night 昨晚他虽然很疲倦了 但还是学习到很晚才 睡 表让步 Tired as he was he went to bed early 因为很 累 所以他睡得很早 表原因 Young as he was he was equal to the task 他 虽年轻 却能胜任这项工作 表让步 Young as he was he was not equal to the task 他因为年轻 所以不能胜任这项工作 表原因 3 在美国英语中 人们通常用 as as 引导让 步状语从句 如 Cold as it was we went out As cold as it was we went out 尽管天气冷 我们还是出去了 Successful as he is he is not proud As successful as he is he is not proud 他虽成功了 但不骄傲 二 二 as 引导定语从句引导定语从句 as 的用法 as 引导定语从句 在定语从句中作 主语 宾语 表语 一 如为限制性的 多用于 the same as the same as such as as many much as so as 等结构中 如 1 I have the same book as you have 我有一本和 你的一样的书 Her attitude to him was quite the same as it had always been 关系代词 as 和指示代词 same 连用 在从句中用作表语 先行词是 same 2 Why didn t you mention that in face of the police just now I thought it was such a minor detail as was hardly worth mentioning We will only discuss such problems as have something to do with our own interests Don t do such things as you are not sure about There is no such place as you dream of in all this world 比较 I live in the same house that he used to live in I m wearing the same shirt as you wore yesterday 比较 Here is so big a stone as no one can lift 定 语从句 Here is so big a stone that no one can lift it 结果状语从句 二 如为非限制性的 多单独引导一个定语从句 这种定语从句可置于句首 句中或句尾 译为 正如 这一点 动词常为 know see expect point out etc 1 As we all know smoking is harmful to one s health as 作宾语 As is known to all smoking is harmful to one s health as 作主语 It s known to all that smoking is harmful to one s health 或 Smoking is harmful to one s health as we all know as 作宾语 或 Smoking as we all know is harmful to one health 2 He was a foreigner as I knew from his accent 宾 语 先行词是前面整个句子 当先行词被 the same 所修饰时 关系词既可以用 as 也可以用 that 在表示具体事物 时 有时两者有一定的区别 一般说来 表示同一种 类多用 as 表示同一事物多用 that 如 This is the same instrument that I used yesterday 这就是我昨天用过的那台仪器 This is the same instrument as I used yesterday 这 台仪器跟我昨天用过的那台一样 在抽象概念上 同种类和同一事物是没有绝对区别的 所以两个词可换用 I have the same opinion as that you have 这里要注意的是 1 使用 as 时 它引导的定语从句中的动词可以省 略 但使用 that 时 定语从句中 的动词不可省略 如 Women received the same pay as men Women received the same pay that men received 2 在 the same that 结构中 that 只是用来加强 语气 强调 相同 that 可以省去而不改变句子原意 甚至连名词前的 same 也可以省去 如 This is the same instrument that I used yesterday This is the same instrument I used yesterday This is the instrument I used yesterday 但在 the same as 结构中 same 和 as 都不能省略 3 当 the same that 结构中的 that 作为关系副词 用时 不可以直接与 as 互换 如 He lives in the same building that I live He lives in the same building as that I live in Shall we meet