一般现在时知识点

1 一般现在时基本用法介绍 一 一般现在时的功能 一 表示经常性发生或反复发生习 惯性的动作 这种用法中经常用到 often 经常 usually 通常 always 总 是 every 每个 sometimes 有时 at 在几点钟 等做时间状语 也可 以说 这是一个一般现在时语法的特征 如 I usually get up at six 表示经常性 的事情 He often has dinner at home 经 常性事情 They always go to school on foot 他们总是步行去上学 总是 表 示经常性的事情 二 表示事物或人物 主语 的现 在的特征 状态 这种情形下 通常 不带时间状语 如 She likes bread but she doesn t like pizza Do you speak English The sky is blue 天空是蓝色的 He works in a big company 他在一 家大公司工作 三 表示客观现实 客观真理 科 学事实 格言等 如 The earth goes around the sun 地 球绕着太阳转 There are four seasons in a year The sun always rises in the east Walls have ears 隔墙有耳 四 表示将来 如 1 表示按时间表拟定的或安排好的到 了时间就会发生的事情或动作 The train arrives at 10 30 There is still plenty of time 火车 10 30 才会到达 还有足够多的 时间 She comes back next week 她下周 就会回来的 2 在时间状语从句中和条件状语从 句中代替一般将来时 I will give you some candy when we meet next week If he arrives please give me a phone call 二 一般现在时构成 一 含有 be 动词的一般现在时 2 This is a red skirt This is a T shirt It s red These are trousers They re black The trousers and the T shirt are nice This is the way I read a book on a Tuesday Morning 小贴士 1 Be 动词 也就是 am is are 2 am 用在第一人称 I 后 面 3 is 的用法 1 is 用在 he she it 等 第三人称单数的主语后面 三单 不是你 不是我 只有一个 一 般现在时时才变化 比如 He she it Li Ming Xiao Hong this that 以及 this that 修饰的部分后面 等等 但是 Li Ming and Xiao Hong 这就 不是第三人称单数了 而是复数应该 用 are 2 不可数的名词做成分用到 be 动 词时也要用 is 3 are 的用法 1 第一人称复数 we 2 第二人称即 you 单数 复数 的后面 3 第三人称复数 they 后面 以 及 these those 或 these those 修饰的部分等 表示复数的地方 也就是说 记住 am is 应该用的地 方就可以了 别的地方都是用的 are This is a dress This is 这是 These are socks These are 这些 是 These are new shorts This is a new dress These are his shoes This is her skirt The trousers are nice The trousers and the T shirt are nice 二 不含有 be 动词 即含有实 意动词的一般现在 时 这里只有一个需要记住的地方 就是 第三人称单数的 3 后面 动词要加 s 或 es 别 的地方就只用动词原形就可以了 三单 不是你 不是我 只有一 个 一般现在时时才变化 举例 I like the shirt and the skirt In the evening I do my homework In the evening he does his homework In the evening she does her homework In the evening they do their homework In the evening Su Hai and Su Yang do their homework In the evening Su Yang do his homework In the evening the girls the boys do their homework 二 一般现在时句子的变化 否定句 疑问句 特殊疑问句 其中特殊疑问 句放在后面介绍 否定句 简单来说 就是表示否定的 句子 一般疑问句 一般疑问句是疑问句的 一种 它是只用 yes 是 或 no 否 来回答的句子 特殊疑问句 以特殊疑问词开头 对 句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问 句 常用的疑问词有 what who whose which when where how why 等 一 含有 be 动词的一般现在时 的变化 含有情态 助动词 情态助动词 can 1 否定句 主语 be 动词 情态动 词 not 其它 如 He is a worker He is not a worker I can show you I can t show you 2 一般疑问句 将 be 动词 情态动 词 提到句子前面即可 即 Be 情态动词 主语 其它 He is a worker He is not a worker Is he not a worker Yes he is No he isn t I can show you I can t show you 4 Can you show me Yes I can No I can t I am a student I am not a student Are you a student 肯定回答 Yes I am 否定回答 No I m not These are my friends They are not my friends Are they your friends Yes they are No they aren t 二 含有实意动词的句子 1 否定句 主语 don t doesn t 壮语 动词原形 其它 时间或地 点壮语 这里需要记住几点 1 主语 三单 时 要用助动词 doesn t 2 主语 don t doesn t 后面要 加动词原形 即 去掉三单时动词后面的 s 或 es 当主语为第三人称单数时 要用 doesn t 构成否定句 主语 doesn t I don t 动词原形 动词原来形状 如 He doesn t often play I don t like bread 2 一般疑问句 Do Does 主语 壮语 动词原形 其它 这里的 Do Does 只是为了帮助 形成一般疑问句 没有实际意思 这里需要注意几点 1 当主语为第三人称单数时 要 用 does 替换 do 构成一般疑问句 2 主语三单时 句子中的动词要 变为动词原形 如 Do you often play football 肯定形式 Yes I do 否定形式 No I don t 如 Does she go to work by bike 肯定形式回答 Yes she does 否定 回答 No she doesn t 3 小贴士 这里是平时我们注意积 累的地方 可以把我们平时的积累 感悟记在这里 1 含有 be 动词的一般现在 时 这里句型的变化上边已经说过 但是并不局限于一般现在时 更为准 确的表达是 含有 be am is are was were 动词的句子 5 将其提到句首 句末打上问号即可 2 一般疑问句的回答 开头往往 是 yes 或 no 也就是说 只要能看出是一般疑问句 那么它的回答开头往往就是 yes 或 no 3 如遇第一人称 最好将其变成 第二人称 举例 I am a teacher 否定句 I am not a teacher 一般疑问句 Are you a teacher 肯定回答 Yes I am 否定回答 No I m not My father is a teacher 否定句 My father is not a teacher 一般疑问句 Is your father a teacher 肯定回答 Yes he is 否定回答 No he isn t 4 在一般疑问句和否定句中 要 表达 一些 时 some any 但 是 如果这个问句是用来表达 建 议 请求 邀请 等交际功能时 而且希望听到肯定回答时 应该用 some Is there any tea in the cup Do you have any children May I have some fish Would you like some tea Shall we buy some vegetables Can I borrow some money from you Why not have some bread How about some orange juice 三 特殊疑问句 构成 疑问词 一般疑问句 同时注 意去掉划线部分 如 Where is my bike How does your father go to work I usually play football on Friday afternoon When do you usually play football I usually play football on Friday afternoon What do you usually do on Friday afternoon Who is singing Who often helps your mother 四 一般现在时中 动词 s 的变化 规则即 动词三单的变化规律 三 单 不是你 不是我 只有一个 一般现在时时才变化 6 动词第三人称单数词尾变化有三种形 式 1 一般动词在词尾加 s s 在清辅音 后读 s 在浊辅音或元音后读 z 如 help helps know knows get gets read reads 2 以字母 s x ch sh 或有些以字 母 o 结尾的动词加 es guess guesses fix fixes teach teaches wash washes brush brushes 注意 go goes do does 3 以字母 y 结尾的动词 有两种情形 1 以辅音字母 y 结尾的动词 先变 y 为 i 再加 es carry carries fly flies 2 字母 y 前为元音字母 第三人称 单数形式直接在动词后面加 s play plays say says 举例说明 1 They are my parents 他们是我的 父母 否定句 They are not my parents 他们不是我的父母 一般疑问句 Are they your parents 他们是你的父母吗 肯定回答 Yes they are 否定回答 No they aren t 2 They are playing basketball over there 他们正在那边玩足球 否定句 They are not playing basketball over there 一般疑问句 Are they playing basketball over there 肯定回答 Yes they are 否定回答 No they aren t 3 The boy is drawing a picture now 否定句 The boy is not drawing a picture now 一般疑问句 Is the boy drawing a picture now 肯定回答 Yes he is 否定回答 No he isn t 4 I am going to do my homework 否定句 I am not going to do my homework 一般疑问句 Are you going to do your homework 肯定回答 Yes I am 否定回答 No I m not 7 5 There is a bike behind the tree 否定句 There isn t a bike behind the tree 一般疑问句 Is there a bike behind the tree Yes there is No there isn t 6 There are some pencils in my pencil box 否定句 There are not any pencils in my pencil box 一般疑问句 Are there any pencils in your pencil box 肯定回答 Yes there are 否定回 答 No there aren t 7 There are some fish in the water 这里的 fish 是鱼的意思是可数名词 所以用 are 只不过是名词的单复数 形式相同而已 否定句 There are not any fish in the water 一般疑问句 Are there any fish in the water 肯定回答 Yes there are 否定回答 No there aren t 8 There is some water on Mars 英 m z 火星 否定句 There is not any water on Mars 一般疑问句 Is there any water on Mars 这里的 water 是不可数名词 所以用 is 肯定回答 Yes there is 否定回答 No there isn t 9 Jenny can speak Enlish 珍妮会 说英语 否定句 Jenny can t speak English Can Jenny speak English 肯定回答 Yes she can Yes Jenny can 否定回答 No she can t No Jenny can t 10 I like English He likes English 否定句 I don t like English He doesn t likes English Do you like English Does he like English 肯定回答 Yes I do 否定回答 No I don t Yes he does No he doesn t 11 I do my homework every 8 day 这里的单词 do 是行为 实意动词是 做什么 的意思 否定句 I don t my homework every day 一般疑问句 Do you do your homework every day 你每天做作业吗 这里的前面的 Do 是助动词 后边的 do 是 行为动词 是干什么 做什么的意思 就像 What do you usually do on sundays Yes I do No I don t 12 Li Ming usually waters the flowers every day Li Ming doesn t usually water the flowers every day Does Li Ming usually water the flowers everyday Yes he does No he doesn t Li Ming usually waters the flowers every day Where does Li Ming water the flowers Li Ming usually waters the flowers every day What does Li Ming do everyday 将 Ling Ming 换成 I We They She He Tom Ling Ming s mother Ling Ming s parents Xiao Hong and Ling Ming 逐一做 一遍练习 13 Is this your cap Danny No It s Kim s cap 14 Are these your gloves No They re Li Tao s gloves 15 Are these your gloves Yes they are No they aren t 16 This is a dress These are socks Are these her shorts Is this her dress Yes it is No it isn t 17 These are new shorts Are these her shorts Yes they are No they aren t Are these his shorts Yes they are No they aren t 18 Is this her dress Yes it is No it isn t Is this his cap Yes it is No it isn t 9 Are these his shoes Yes they are No they aren t Is this her skirt Yes it is No it isn t Are these her trousers Yes they are No they aren t 19 What is he sh