英语冠词讲解--教案解析

戴氏教育集团戴氏教育集团 潼南戴氏教育高考潼南戴氏教育高考 中考培训学校中考培训学校 1 名词名词 巧学善记巧学善记 一一 需加定冠词的几种情况需加定冠词的几种情况 特指双熟悉 上文已提及 世上独无二 序数最高级 某些专有名 习语及乐器 二二 不用冠词的几种情况不用冠词的几种情况 下列情况应免冠 代词限定名词前 专有名词不可数 学科球类三餐饭 复数名词表泛指 两节星期月份前 颜色语种和国名 称呼习语及头衔 定冠词用法小结口诀 定冠词用法小结口诀 1 有水无湖 海 洋 海湾 河等 都用 the 单个湖不用 the 但多个湖用 the the Red Sea the Pacific Ocean the Persian Gulf the Yangtze River The Great Lakes 五大湖 Lake Erie 伊利湖 2 有球无星 地球 月亮用 the 行星不用 the Mars Venus 3 有山无峰 The Huangshan Mountains 黄山 Mount Everest 珠穆朗玛峰 Mount or Mt Tai 泰山 4 有独无欧 偶 独一无二的 the earth the moon the sun 用 the 欧洲等七大洲不用 the Europe Africa Asia North America South America Antarctica Oceania 5 有 足 族无球 运动 种族用 the the Indians 印第安人 球类运动 baseball basketball 6 有文无章 历史性的文件用 the 小说等的章节不用 the The Constitution 宪法 chapter one 7 学而不专 学校放在词组的前面时用 the 专有名词放在词组的前面时不用 the The University of Fudan Fudan University 冠词冠词 G 戴氏教育集团戴氏教育集团 潼南戴氏教育高考潼南戴氏教育高考 中考培训学校中考培训学校 2 解析 解析 冠词是一种虚词 是最典型的限定词 本身不能单独使用 只能附在一个名词前帮助 说明名词的含义 英语中的冠词有定冠词 the 和不定冠词 a an 两种 a 和 an 的意思相同 区别是 a 用于辅音音素开头的词前 an 用于元音音素开头的词 前 不定冠词仅用在可数名词单数前 用来表示 的意思 但不强调数的观念 只说明 名词是不特定的 定冠词则表示名词是特定的 表示 这 这些 那 那些 的意思 在可 数名词的单数 复数前和不可数名词前都可以用 1 不定冠词的基本用法不定冠词的基本用法 1 不定冠词有 a 和 an 两种 a 用于辅音音素开头的词前 an 用于元音音素开头的词前 如 a boy an apple an old man a tall elephant 2 用来表示 的意思 但不强调数的观念 只说明名词是不特定的 即不具体说明是何人何物 如 A teacher is looking for you 没有特别指明是哪个老师 We work five days a week 没有特别指出是哪个星期 3 不定冠词含有 的意思 但数量观念没有 one 强烈 在句子里边一般可以不必译出 但若有 一个 的意思则译出 如 An orange is good for you 桔子对你有好处 How much is it 多少钱 Two yuan a kilo 二元一公斤 4 一般用在可数名词单数前 指人或事物的某一种类 如 Bill is a student Pass me an apple please 5 用在某些固定词组中 如 a lot of a moment ago a few a little 2 定冠词的用法定冠词的用法 1 特指某 些 人或某 些 事物 如 The book on the desk is mine Show me the photo of the girl please 2 指双方都知道的人或事物 如 Open the door please 请开门 Did you see the boy 你看见那个男孩了吗 3 指前文提到的人或事物 戴氏教育集团戴氏教育集团 潼南戴氏教育高考潼南戴氏教育高考 中考培训学校中考培训学校 3 如 He lives on a farm The farm is not big 他住在农场 这农场不大 There are some dogs The dogs are very lovely 这儿有一些狗 这些狗很可爱 4 用在世界上独一无二的事物前 如 The sun is bigger than the moon 太阳比月亮大些 但这些名词作为描绘性定语时 可用不定冠词 如 Look A red sun is rising 瞧 一轮红日正在升起 5 用在序数词和形容词最高级前 如 The first island is the biggest of the three 第一个小岛是三个中最大的 6 用在用普通名词构成的党派 国家等专有名词以及江河 海洋 山脉 群岛 海峡 海湾等专有名词前 如 They will visit the Great Wall next week They came to the United States of America last year The Yellow River is the second longest river in China 7 用在形容词前表示一类人 the 形容词指的是一群人 是一种复数含义 所以其后动 词应用复数形式 如 The old are sick 8 用在姓名复数形式前表示一家人 如 The Smiths have moved to London 9 用在某些习惯用语中 如 in the morning on the left the day before yesterday all the same 3 不用冠词的情况不用冠词的情况 1 星期 月份 季节 节日前一般不用冠词 但是中国传统节日前习惯用冠词 如 All of us like the spring festival 我们喜欢春节 It s Sunday today 今天是星期天 He was born on June 12 1999 他出生于 1999 年 6 月 12 日 Today is Father s Day 今天是父亲节 If winter comes can spring be far behind 冬天来了 春天还会远吗 戴氏教育集团戴氏教育集团 潼南戴氏教育高考潼南戴氏教育高考 中考培训学校中考培训学校 4 但是如果被一个限制性定语修饰或有表示继续的介词 during through 时与表示一段特 定的时间 则在季节前要加定冠词 如 She came to Shanghai in the spring of 1987 她是一九八七年春天来上海的 The school was completed in the September of 2000 这学校是 2000 年 9 月落成的 He swims every day during the summer 他夏 天的每一天都游泳 虽不特指某一年的季节 但说话人把某季节看作一年的一部分 即一年的某一段时间 则在季节前要加定冠词 如 We play football in the winter 2 在称呼语或表示头衔的名词前 如 Mr Li is our headmaster 李先生是我们的校长 After lunch Aunt Huang came in 午饭后黄阿姨来了 3 各词复数表示一类人或事物时 但若各词复数被一个限制性定语修饰 则要加定冠词 the 如 I like cakes very much 我非常喜欢蛋糕 My father and mother are the doctors in People s Hospital of Shanghai 4 在三餐饭 球类运动与棋类游戏 学科名称的名词前 但若表示某一种或某一个特定 的概念时用冠词 如 He had supper with us yesterday It s a very good supper 他昨天和我们吃晚饭 这是一 顿丰盛的晚餐 My brother likes to play football 我兄弟喜欢踢足球 Let s go and watch them play chess 让我们去看他们下棋 5 在物质名词 抽象名词 人名 地名等专有名词和不可数名词前 但若不可数各词有 其它限制词修饰时 则要加定冠词 the 如 Smith is our teacher 史密思是我们的老师 Milk is good for us 牛奶对我们有好处 The water in the pool is very dirty 坑里的水很脏 6 名词前已有作定语的 this that my your some any 等限定词时 如 Come this way please I ve some question to ask you Exercise 一 请用适当的冠词填空 不需填处打一 请用适当的冠词填空 不需填处打 戴氏教育集团戴氏教育集团 潼南戴氏教育高考潼南戴氏教育高考 中考培训学校中考培训学校 5 1 Bill Gates is one of richest men in the world 2 He enjoys playing golf bridge and piano 3 Bill is eating orange orange is orange We all like oranges 4 boy under tree is honest boy 5 first day of a week is Sunday 6 I have uncle He has useful book but he doesn t have umbrella 7 We can see sun in daytime and moon at night 二 用二 用 a an the 或或 填空 填空 1 TV set 2 egg 3 elephant 4 cat can catch mice 5 The ant is insect 6 Lucy spends hour doing her home work everyday 7 Bob s father is engineer 8 John is honest boy 9 I often watch TV in evening 10 It s too hot Open door please 11 Changjiang River is longest river in China 12 There is woman over there woman is Meimei s mother 13 They went to People s Park but we both went to People s Cinema yesterday 14 He often goes to school by bike 三 选择三 选择 1 We can t see sun at night A the the B the C a D 2 Great Wall is longest wall in the world A A a B The the C A the D The a 3 Does Tom often play football after school A B the C the D a 4 His father is English teacher He works in our school A a B an C the D 5 She has orange skirt skirt is nice A a The B an The C an A D the The 6 This is apple It s big apple A an a B a the C a an D an the 7 Don t play basketball here It s dangerous A a B an C D the 戴氏教育集团戴氏教育集团 潼南戴氏教育高考潼南戴氏教育高考 中考培训学校中考培训学校 6 8 Bill is English teacher He likes playing football A a theB an theC a D an 9 There is old bike old bike is Mr Zhao s A an The B the An C a The D the The 10 Does Jim have ruler Yes he has A an some B a one C a D any one 11 There is old bike old bike is Mr Zhao s A an The B the An C a The D the The 12 apple a day keeps the doctors aw ay A The B A C An D Two 13 How many books do you have I have book That s English book A a an B a one C one an D one one 14 At that time Tom was one year old baby A a B an C the D 15 tiger is China A The a B A the C The from D The the 16 We can t see sun at night A the the B the C a D 17 useful book it is A What an B How a C What a D What 18 One afternoon he found handbag There was s on the corner of handbag A a an the B a a the C an an an D the a a 19 old lady with white hair spoke English well at meeting A An an a B The an C The a D The the 20 Great Wall is longest wall in the world A A a B The the C A the D The a 21 new bridge has been built over Huangpu River A The a B A C A the D An the 22 woman over there is popular teacher in our school A A an B The a C The the D A the 23 He used to be teacher but later he turned writer A a a B a the C a D a 24 They made him king A a B the C an D 25 His father is English teacher He works in our school A a B an C the D Homework 一 请用适当的冠词填空 不需填处打一 请用适当的冠词填空 不需填处打 1 We have three meals day We have lunch in 戴氏教育集团戴氏教育集团 潼南戴氏教育高考潼南戴氏教育高考 中考培训学校中考培训学校 7 middle of day 2 day before yesterday we played basketball for hour 3 Li Ming has two brothers One is teacher other is doctor They studied in university 4 Greens are on visit to beautiful city in China 5 There is picture on wall It is nice picture I like picture very much 6 There is going to be English test next week 7 June 1st is Children s Day 8 There is u and s in the word use 二 选择 1 Is he American boy A an B a C one D 2 Does Tom often play football after school A B the C the D a 3 They passed our school day before yesterday A an B one C a D the 4 Australia is English speaking country A a B an C the D 5 This is apple It s big apple A an a B a the C a an D an the 6 Look at horse over there A a B an C the D 7 Don t play basketball here It s dangerous A a B an C D the 8 There is old woman in the ca