英汉同声传译的常用技巧

一 断句 同声传译首先要减轻记忆负担 断句技巧的实质是要断得好接得好 即如何迅 速合理地把句子断开 然后再自然地把断开的句子重新衔接起来 例句 1 I came to China at an important time SI 我到中国来访问 正逢一个重要的时刻 笔译 我是在一个重要的时刻来到中国的 2 Aristotle the greatest of the ancient Greek writers had written a work containing all the knowledge of his time SI A 亚里士多德 这位最伟大的古希腊作家 曾写了一部囊括同时代所有 知识的著作 SI B 亚里士多德是最伟大的古希腊作家 曾写了一部囊括同时代所有知识 的著作 笔译 最伟大的古希腊作家亚里士多德曾写了一部囊括同时代所有知识的著 作 Exercises 1 The speed of integration in international trade of LDCs has been slow 2 Governments have a crucial role to play in promoting social human development and in providing the poor with necessary working skills 3 They will get the preparation done before considering other proposals 反说 4 We shall vote on the draft decision after we have voted on the amendments 反说 二 词性转换 由于英汉两种语言在表达方式上的差别 也由于同传中顺句驱动的需要 适当 的词性转换可以使译文通顺自然 特别是英语非动词 包括名词 形容词 介 词 分词等 转成汉语动词 可以说是英汉词性转换中使用最多的类型 例句见课件 Exercises 1 A better knowledge of the local culture will help our work 2 Implementation of international human rights standards is extremely important 3 They want to use military force against so called terrorist countries 介 动 4 You and your country waged a long struggle for social justice 介 动 5 Reformers need tangible evidence of rising living standards 三 等待 指的是在 SI 中有意识地等一下 等到上下文较清楚时才开口翻译 但大多数情 况下 为了减轻记忆负担等待时间不宜过长 一句中等长度的句子 以不超过 半句话为宜 例句 1 They are trying hard to realize the objective of modernization and democratization SI 他们正在努力实现 等一下 现代化和民主化的目标 2 There remains a sizable gap between aspiration and accomplishment SI 等一下 愿望与成果之间仍有相当大的差距 3 We know that oxygen is necessary for the breathing of animals and plants and for burning SI 我们知道氧气对 等一下 动植物的呼吸必不可少 对于燃烧都是必不 可少的 等待 重复 Exercises 1 It is a long way from Peking to London 2 It will be very difficult to make a decision without knowing all the facts 3 These developments are bound to affect the patterns of international trade production and investment of both members and non members of regional groupings 等待 归纳 四 增补与省略 增补 最常见的是出于汉语修辞的需要而进行的某些增补 例句 1 At the meeting he made a long speech SI 他在会议上作了长篇长篇发言 他在会议上作了长发言 四音词语 2 Implementation of international human rights standards must be pursued with vigor SI 贯彻国际人权标准的工作工作必须大力进行 范畴词 所谓省略 就是在 SI 中省掉一些可有可无的或者有违汉语习惯的词汇短语 但 要注意不能改变原语的实质内容 省略是为了更好地达意 而不是扭曲原意 例句 1 The country has increased its overall strength 这个国家增加了它的综合国力 该国综合国力大增 2 Will all those who are in favor of this draft resolution please signify by raising their hands 赞成的请举手 Exercises 1 He came to work for the United Nations earnest but only limitedly informed 2 Globalization also poses numerous policy challenges 3 Cruises on the Thames in London have become an annual attraction 4 Retreat from unpleasant realities into comforting illu