同等学力新大纲样卷1第二篇阅读理解文章.ppt

PassageTwo BeforeMokothedolphinturnedup thebeachedwhaleswereincleardistress ButwhenMokoarrivedatMahiabeachontheeastcoastofNewZealand sNorthIsland theirmoodchangedandtheyfollowedhimtosafety Theabilityofsomeanimalstocommunicateiswellknown Whatislesswelldocumented however isthecommunicationbetweenspecies JustinGregg vicepresidentoftheDolphinCommunicationProject saiditispossiblethatadolphinandawhalecouldcommunicateinsomeway Butitwouldn tbeinstructionslike Hey buddy theopenoceanisoverhere Followme hesays Dolphinsusethreeformsofsignalingtootherdolphins whistles clickingandpostures Awhalemighthavesignalsincommonwithadolphin justasdifferentspeciesofdolphinsareknowntosharesignalswhichmighttheoreticallyallowaformofbasicinterspeciescommunication Butjustasit spossiblethatMokothedolphinandthestrandedwhalessharedasignal itisalsopossiblethatthewhalesjustsawavaguelysimilarcreatureandfollowedit Therearemanyreasonswhydifferentspeciescommunicate saysVincentJanik lecturerattheSeaMammalResearchUnitatStAndrew sUniversity Theanimalsexploitthesystemsofothersfortheirownbenefits Sometimesthebenefitsarethesameforeach thereforetheyshareinformation Sometimestheyaretryingtotakeadvantageoftheother Gettingfoodmaynotbetotheadvantageoftheonegivingupthefood 1 Readthe1stparagraphanddoEx24 2 Readthe2ndparagraphanddoEx253 Readthe3rdparagraphanddoEx264 Readthe4thparagraphanddoEx275 Readthe5thparagraphanddoEx286 Paraphrasesentencebysentenceandexplaintheimportantwordsandexpressionsandlonganddifficultsentences 7 Checktheexercises 一Steps 二Exercises 24 WhathappenedafterMokothedolphinappearedatMahiabeach A Thebeachedwhalesstillfeltdistressful B Mokoledthewhalesbacktothesea C Thewhaleswerestillstuckonthebeach D Mokoandthewhalesswamtogetherashore 答案 B 解析 细节题 根据第一段最后一句的theirmoodchangedandtheyfollowedhimtosafety它们的情绪发生了变化并跟它到了安全地带 说明是Moko领着搁浅的鲸鱼回到大海 否则它们会死在岸边 25 Scientistsengagedinanimalstudieshavecollected A enoughdataonhowanimalsspeakhumanlanguagesB noneofthedataonanimals abilitytocommunicateC lessdataonhowanimalscommunicatebetweenspeciesD somedataonanimals tendencytotalktohumans 答案 C 解析 语义理解题 第二段中 Whatislesswelldocumented however isthecommunicationbetweenspecies 然而物种之间沟通的知识没有全部备案可查 是依据 说明记载的信息很少 26 Dolphinscommunicatewithoneanother usingallthefollowingtypesofsignalingEXCEPT A gesturesB whistlesC clickingD postures 答案 A 解析 细节题 第三段第一句话 Dolphinsusethreeformsofsignalingtootherdolphins whistles clickingandpostures 海豚之间有三种打招呼的信号 哨音 拍打声和姿势 没有提到gestures 所以此为真确选项 27 Thewhalesstrandedonthebeachfollowedthedolphintosafetyprobablybecause A theyunderstoodthedolphin sinstruction Followme B theyhadsignalsincommonwithoneanotherC theyrecognizedsomeotheranimalsnotfarawayD theysharedthoseinter speciessignalswiththedolphin 答案 D 解析 细节题 根据第三段最后一句话 Mokothedolphinandthestrandedwhalessharedasignal Moko海豚可能和搁浅的鲸鱼共享一种信号 说明他们共享信号 28 Whydoanimalsofdifferentspeciescommunicatewithoneanother A Becausetheyliketosetuptheirowncommunicationsystems B Becausetheywanttotakeadvantageoftheotherspecies C Becausetheytendtokeepmorefoodtothemselves D Becausetheybenefitfromusingtheinformationfromotherspecies 答案 D 解析 最后一段的 Theanimalsexploitthesystemsofothersfortheirownbenefits Sometimesthebenefitsarethesameforeach thereforetheyshareinformation 一种动物利用对自己有好处其他类动物的系统 有时对它们都有好处 所以它们共享信息 说明物种间能共享有利的信息 三Importantwordsandexpressions 1 Moko 地名 乍得 莫科Mahia 地名 新西兰 马希亚 2 dolphinn 海豚 3 beach n 海滩 海滨e g 1 Mikeawoketofindthathewaslyingonthebeach 迈克一觉醒来发现自己躺在海滩上 2 Abevyofbathingbeautiesappearedonthebeach 沙滩上出现了一群游泳的美女 V 船等 搁浅e g 1 Webeachedthecanoe runningitrightupthebank 我们把独木舟径直划到岸边 并拖上岸 2 Theboatbeachedonamudflat 船搁浅在一片淤泥滩上 3 Expertsareunabletoexplainwhythewhalesbeachedthemselves 专家们无法解释为什么这些鲸会搁浅在海滩上 3 indistress表示在痛苦中 在困境中e g 1Whileashipisindistress rescuingpassengersfromdangerisaheroicaction 当船遇险时 营救乘客脱离危险是一种英勇的行为 2 Shecriedindistress oh Emil whydidyoudo 她忧伤地惊叫道 哦 爱弥儿 你为什么这样做 3 HehadnorighttoabandonhisCommander In Chiefindistress 他无权置总司令于危难之中而不顾 4 Thenewsstorywasheadlined ActressinDistress 那篇新闻报导加上了 苦恼中的女演员 的标题 5 Hewasreadytolendahelpinghandtoanyoneindistress 什么人有难 他都乐于帮助 4 moodn 心情 语气 气氛 坏心境inbadmood心情不好blackmood情绪低落justamood只不过是一种风格e g 1 Watchyourstep thebossisinaparticularlybadmood 你要小心点 老板今天情绪特别不好 2 Shelaughedhergoodmoodwhenshesawhermother 她看到母亲时 以笑表示了她愉快的心情 3 Afteradayofairandactivity youshouldbeinthemoodforagoodmeal 你在户外活动了一天 应该很想好好吃一顿 4 Hewasinnomoodtocelebrate 他没心情庆祝5 Iaminnomood notinthemood forjoking tojoke 我没有心思开玩笑 6 Themoodofthemeetingwasagainsthim 大会的气氛是反对他的 6 theabilitytodosth 做某事的能力havetheabilitytodo能够做 有能力做 abilitytorepaytheloan偿贷能力e g 1Shelackedtheabilitytoadapteasily 她缺少适应能力 2 Theabilitytousealanguagecanbeacquiredbytheactofusingthelanguage 运用语言的能力 只能通过不断练习才能获得3 Hehastheabilitytobringoutthebestinothers 他能做到扬人之长 4 Shehastheabilitytokeepcalminanemergency 她有处变不惊的本事 7 species n 物种 单复数同形 e g 1 Pandasareanendangeredspecies 熊猫是濒危物种 2 hereareseveralthousandspeciesoftreeshere 这里有几千种树 interspecies种间 8 bedocumented 提供证明文件e g 1 Thebookishighlydocumented 这本书记录了大量史实 2 Theharmfuleffectsofcaffeinehadlongbeendocumentedintextbooks 咖啡因的有害作用早已见诸教科书 9 insomeway以某种方式e g 1 Itseemstomeweoughttocelebratethisoccasioninsomeway 我认为我们应该用什么方法庆祝这件大事 2 IhopeIcaninsomewayreturnthefavor 盼望我能对你的恩惠有所报答 3 Wemaybeabletohelpyouinsomeway 我们也许能在某种程度上帮助你 10 clicking 使 发出咔嗒声e g 1 Youcancheckyouremailwithaclickofyourmouse 鼠标轻轻一点 即可查看电子邮件 11 postures e g 1 Youcanmakeyourstomachlookflatterinstantlybyimprovingyourposture 通过采取更好的坐姿 你的腹部马上就会看起来平坦一些 2 Exercise freshair andgoodpostureareallhelpful 锻炼 新鲜空气和好的坐立姿势都很有益 12 have incommonwithe g 1 Suchinterspeciesdevotionwillsoonstretchbeyondthegrave 不同物种间的这种亲情很快便会超过死亡的界限了 13 Theoreticallyadv 理论地 理论上e g 1 It stheoreticallypossible buthighlyunlikelyevertohappen 这从理论上说是有可能的 但是基本上不会发生 2 Theoretically alinecanextendintoinfinity 从理论上来说直线可以无限地延伸 3 I llexplainhowitworkstheoretically 我将解释它在理论上如何运作 14 strand vt 使滞留 使搁浅 使陷于困境e g 1 Theclimbershadbeenstrandedbyastorm 登山者被暴风雨困住了 2 Theairporthadtobeclosed strandingtourists 机场被迫关闭 造成游客滞留 15 Lecturer n 大学或学院中的 讲课者 授课者 英美大学中的 讲师 演讲者助教TeachingAssistant讲师lecturer家教Tutore g 1 Thelecturerisbookedforeverynightoftheweek 这位讲演人本星期每晚都有预约 2 Thelecturerspoutedforhours 讲师滔滔不绝地讲了几个小时 3 Thelecturertriedtosettletheaudiencedown 那位演讲者试图让听众静下来 16 takefulladvantageof占 的便宜 欺骗 捉弄e g 1 Iintendtotakefulladvantageofthistriptobuythethingsweneed 我打算充分利用这次旅行来购买我们所需的物品 2 Shetookadvantageofhimevenaftertheyweredivorced 甚至在他们离婚后 她还在占他的便宜 17 turnup出现 尤指失去后偶然 被发现 出现 来到e g 1 Hedidn tturnupuntilhalfanhourlater 半小时后他才出现 2 Hecaughtapacketfrommewhenhedidturnup 他一露面就被我狠狠训了一顿 3 Mychildrenturnuptheirnosesatfreshvegetables 我的孩子对新鲜蔬菜根本看不上 4 Heiswaitingforsomethinggoodtoturnup 他正期待着情况好转 常指出其不意地或经长久等待后 出现 到来 露面e g 1 RichardhadturneduponChristmasEvewithTony 理查德和托尼在圣诞夜一道露面了 2 Thisissimilartowaitingforabusthatneverturnsup 这就跟等待一辆永远等不到的公共汽车差不多 四Analysisoflonganddifficultsentences Awhalemighthavesignalsincommonwithadolphin justasdifferentspeciesofdolphinsareknowntosharesignalswhichmighttheoreticallyal