2017陕西中考主谓一致专项

中考英语二轮复习资料 1 中考主谓一致专项中考主谓一致专项 主谓一致命题主谓一致命题 1 主谓一致的语法一致原则 2 主谓一致的意义一致原则 3 主谓一致的就近一致原则 4 主谓一致的附加原则 一 一 语法形式一致的原则语法形式一致的原则 即在语法形式上取得一致 单则单 复则复 指主语为单数形式 谓语 动词用单数 主语为复数形式 谓语动词也采用复数形式 但须注意下列几种情况 1 以单数名词或代词 动词不定式短语 动名词短语或从句作主语时 谓语动词用单数 以单数名词或代词 动词不定式短语 动名词短语或从句作主语时 谓语动词用单数 To start smoking quite easy but to give it up needs courage Reading English newspapers a good way of improving you English What you need most to have a good sleep 注 由what引导的主语从句 后面的谓语动词多数情况用 形式 2 由由and 或或both and来连接并列主语时 谓语用复数 来连接并列主语时 谓语用复数 Swimming and walking good exercises Both John and Ann have got pen friends 注 1 并列主语如果表示同一个人 同一事物或同一概念时 谓语动词用单数形式 The teacher and writer absent at the meeting The teacher and the writer busy now 2 由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别被no each every或many a more than one修饰时 其谓语动词 用单数形式 In our country every boy and every girl have the right to receive education Many a student having practice in that factory 许多学生正在那家工厂实习 More than one student interested in the book 不止一个学生对这本书感兴趣 3 如果主语是单数 尽管后面跟有如果主语是单数 尽管后面跟有 together with as well as like but except besides including no less than rather than as much as more than along with in addition to等介词短语 其谓语动词仍用单数形等介词短语 其谓语动词仍用单数形 式 若主语为复数 则谓语动词也用复数 式 若主语为复数 则谓语动词也用复数 A teacher together with some students have climbed to the top of the mountain Mary as well as her friends like this painting 4 不定代词不定代词each either neither 和由和由 some any no every 构成的复合代词作主语时 谓语动词用单数 构成的复合代词作主语时 谓语动词用单数 Everyone knows smoking cigarettes bad for health Nothing to be done 5 在定语从句中 关系代词在定语从句中 关系代词that who which等作主语时 其谓语动词的数 应与句中先行词的数一致 等作主语时 其谓语动词的数 应与句中先行词的数一致 It sounds like a train which that going under my house People who study the think that there will be another big one soon 中考英语二轮复习资料 2 6 a lot of lots of plenty of the rest of someof 名词 名词 构成的短语作主语时 其谓语动词的数要构成的短语作主语时 其谓语动词的数要 与与of后面的名词 短语 保持一致 后面的名词 短语 保持一致 Most of the students in our class league Most of the food delicious 注 all单独作主语表示 人 时 谓语用复数 表示 整个事件 时 谓语用单数 All present All well 注 a number of 复数名词 作主语时 谓语动词用 The number of 复数名词 作主语时 谓语动词用 A large number of buildings burnt down The number of students in our school 2500 7 由 由 分数或百分数分数或百分数 of 名词 或代词 名词 或代词 作主语时 动词的数与名词保持一致作主语时 动词的数与名词保持一致 Two thirds of the country dry or desert Two thirds of the people present against the plan 8 如果主语是由如果主语是由 a kind of a pair of等等 名词名词 构成谓语动词通常用单数形式 例如 构成谓语动词通常用单数形式 例如 This kind of men dangerous 注 these those kinds of 复数名词 作主语时 谓语动词要用复数 二 意义一致原则意义一致原则 即谓语动词的单复数取决于主语所表达的内在涵义 常见的有以下几种情况 1 表示总称意义的名词 如表示总称意义的名词 如people police等作主语时 只当作复数看待 谓语都用复数 等作主语时 只当作复数看待 谓语都用复数 The police searching for a murderer in that mountain 2 以集体名词以集体名词army class enemy family government group team 等集体名词作主语时 谓语应视其情 等集体名词作主语时 谓语应视其情 况而用不同形式 当作主语被看作一个整体时 谓语用单数 如果被看成是其中的个体成员时 谓语就况而用不同形式 当作主语被看作一个整体时 谓语用单数 如果被看成是其中的个体成员时 谓语就 用复数 用复数 Our class better than any other classes at playing basketball in our school Our family not poor any more 我们家已经不再贫困了 3 当一些有两部分构成的表示时 谓语动词通常用复数形式 当一些有两部分构成的表示时 谓语动词通常用复数形式 如glasses trousers 裤子 shoes chopsticks 筷子 scissors 剪刀 socks 但如果这些名词前有但如果这些名词前有a pair of等量词修饰时 谓语动词一般等量词修饰时 谓语动词一般 用单数形式 用单数形式 My glasses new A pair of new shoes in your suitcase 4 当表示时间 金钱 距离 重量 长度 价值等数词短语作主语 根据意义一致原则 通常被看作一当表示时间 金钱 距离 重量 长度 价值等数词短语作主语 根据意义一致原则 通常被看作一 个整体 其谓语用单数 个整体 其谓语用单数 Twenty years a long time to us One thousand pounds a lot of money How much the shoes Five dollars enough 青岛市 A is is B are is C are are D is are 中考英语二轮复习资料 3 5 某些形复意单的名词某些形复意单的名词 如表示人名 地名 组织 书籍报刊等专有名词和学科名词等如表示人名 地名 组织 书籍报刊等专有名词和学科名词等 作主语 谓语用作主语 谓语用 单数 单数 Physics a difficult subject to learn I think The United States in North America News is travelling fast nowadays 6 数词作主语时 谓语用单数 但有四则运算中 谓语一般用单数 数词作主语时 谓语用单数 但有四则运算中 谓语一般用单数 Ten a round number Three hundred and forty plus six hundred and sixty one thousand 三 就近一致原则就近一致原则 即谓语动词的数随最近的主语而定 又称为毗邻一致原则 1 当当or either or neither nor not only but also whether or 等连接两个并列主语时 谓语动词等连接两个并列主语时 谓语动词 单复数取决于最靠近于它的名词或代词 单复数取决于最靠近于它的名词或代词 Either you or Lily to do the cleaning after supper Not only the mother but also the children there Not only Jim but also his sister a few cities since they came to China 临沂市 A will visit B has visited C have visited D visited 2 在倒装句中如一个句子由there 或here引起 而主语又不止一个 谓语动词往往与最邻近的一个主语 保持一致 There a desk a table and three chairs in the room 习题 1 2016 黔东南 Climbing hills good for our health A are B is C was D were 2 2016 咸宁 What are you going to do this weekend I together with my classmates going to climb Mount Qian A is B am C are D Were 3 2016 达州 I called you at 5 00 yesterday afternoon but no one answered Sorry I with my parents at that time A was shopping B were shopping C are shopping D went shopping 4 2016 孝感 A number of volunteers from far away cities A is B are C is come D arc come 5 2016 白银 The zoo keeper is worried because the number of visitors smaller and smaller A become B are becoming C is becoming D have become 6 2016 广东 Do you need more time to complete the task Yes Another ten days enough A is B was C are D were 7 2016 宜宾 Look The police the food onto the bank of the river A am carrying B is carrying C are carrying D are carried 中考英语二轮复习资料 4 8 2013 广安 Maths my favorite subject What about you Physics I think it s very interesting A is is B are are C are is 9 2016 佛山 Thanks to the organization some money given to the poor children A was B were C are 10 2016 自贡 How soon can you finish this job Two days enough for me to finish the work I need a week A isn t B aren t C is 11 2016 广安 Neither Tony nor I interested in playing Weibo You are out A am B is C are 12 2016 白银 There great changes in such kind of PDAs 掌上电脑 in the last few years A has been B have been C has had D have had 13 2016 济宁 Across from my home a shop which sells things from foreign countries A it is B it has C there is D that is 14 2016 重庆 There lots of sheep and pigs on my uncle s farm now A was B were C is D are 15 2016 安顺 Neither my sister nor I been to America before A have ever B have never C has ever D has never 16 2016 黄石 Sorry Sir I ve made so many mistak