可数名词和不可数名词的讲解和练习

博科第五次培训博科第五次培训 姓名 姓名 时间 时间 家长签名 家长签名 可数名词和不可数名词可数名词和不可数名词 英语中的名词指的是一种抽象的或者具体的事物 它有可数和不可数之分 所谓可数 名词指的就是在数量上可以计数 可以数出数量的事物 所谓不可数名词是指不能以数目 来计算 不可以分成个体的概念 状态 品质 感情或表示物质材料的东西 可数名词在他之前可以加上冠词 a an 而不可数名词前面是不可以直接家冠词的 可 数名词变为复数形式有如下变化规律 a 一般情况下 直接加 s 如 book books bag bags cat cats bed beds 读音 清辅音后 读 s 浊辅音和 元音后读 z b 以 s x sh ch 结尾 加 es 如 bus buses box boxes brush brushes watch watches 读 音 iz c 以 辅音字母 y 结尾 变 y 为 i 再加 es 如 family families strawberry strawberries 读音 z d 以 f 或 fe 结尾 变 f 或 fe 为 v 再加 es 如 knife knives thief thieves 读音 z e 以 o 结尾的词 分两种情况 1 有生命的 es 读音 z 如 mango mangoes tomato tomatoes hero heroes 2 无生命的 s 读音 z 如 photo photos radio radios f 不规则名词复数 man men woman women policeman policemen policewoman policewomen snowman snowmen mouse mice child children foot feet tooth teeth fish fish people people 除此之外 还有一部分名词单复数同形 如 fish 鱼 deer 鹿 sheep 绵羊 works 工厂 means 手段 Swiss 瑞士人 Chinese 中国人 news 新闻 goods 商品 有一些名词则只有复数形式 trousers 裤子 pants 裤子 shorts 短裤 glasses 眼镜 compasses 圆规 scales 天平 pliers 钳子 clips 剪子 某国人 的复数有三种类型 1 Chinese Japanese Swiss 三国人单数复数同形 不需加 s 2 Englishman Frenchman Dutchman 复数要把 man 变为 men 3 其他各国人以 an ian 收尾的均直接加 s 如 Americans Australians Indians 等 可依照这个口诀记忆 中日不变 英法变 其他 s 加后面 不可数名词一般没有复数形式 只有单数形式 它的前面不能用不定冠词 a an 若要 表示它的个体意义时 一般需要将其量化 不可数名词如何量化 就是在不可数名词前面加上 数词 量词 of 比如 a piece of bread paper 纸 cloth 布 coal 煤 news 新闻 advice 意见 information 信 息 meat 肉 an item of information 一则情报 a slip of paper 一张纸条 a length of cloth 一段布料 a cake of soap 一块肥皂 a tube of tooth paste 一条牙膏 a bottle of ink 一瓶墨水 等 当量词可数 且前面的数词大于一时 量词需要用复数形式 如 two bottles of water 两瓶水 two pieces of paper 两张纸 等 同时 可数名词也有相应用法 如 a box of apples 一箱苹果 six boxes of apples 六箱 苹果 等 最常见的不可数名词有 advice baggage change 零钱 furniture 家具 hair homework information knowledge luggage 行李 money news progress traffic 其它不可数名词还有 absence age anger courage energy equipment experience failure fear food fun health ice industry kindness labour luck marriage music nature paper peace pleasure power pride rain research respect safety salt sand silence sleep strength snow technology time trade transport travel trust truth waste water wealth weather wind world 等 上面提到的可数名词和不可数名词并不是一成不变的 英文中的很多词都是一词多义 名词也不例外 同是一个词在一种情况下是可数名词 而在另一种场合却是不可数名词 如 可数名词 a tin 一只罐头 a relation 亲属 an iron 一把熨斗 a democracy 民主国家 a glass 一只玻璃杯 a beauty 美人 美的东西 A wood 一片树林 a power 不可数名词 tin 锡 relation 关系 Iron 铁 democracy 民主 glass 玻璃 beauty 美 Wood 木头 power 威力 电力 我们讨论名词的落脚点在 当名词充当主语时 谓语动词在人称 数等方面必须与其保 持一致 即 主谓一致性 的问题 可数名词不可数名词练习题可数名词不可数名词练习题 一 写出下列名词的复数形式 1 orange 2 class 3 text 4 monkey 5 piano 6 child 7 shelf 8 bed 9 country 10 family 11 toy 12 foot 13 Japanese 14 radio 15 photo 16 army 17 tomato 18 fox 19 woman 20 knife 22 sheep 二 选择填空 1 There are four and two in the group A Japanese Germen B Japaneses Germen C Japanese German C Japanese Germans 2 The boys have got already A two bread B two breads C two pieces of bread D two piece of bread 3 The old man wants A six boxes of apples B six boxes of apple C six box of apples D six boxs of apples 4 There some in the river A is fish B are fishs C is fishs D are fish 5 The meeting room is near the reading room A teacher B teacher s C teachers D teachers 6 In Britain are all painted red A letter boxes B letters boxes C letter box D letters box 7 There are birds in that big tree A hundreds of B five hundreds of C five hundred of D hundred of 8 I want to buy A two bottles of ink B two bottle of ink C two bottle of inks D two bottles of inks 9 They don t have to do today A much homework B many homeworks C many homework D much homeworks 10 There are three and seven in the picture A cows sheeps B cows sheep C cow sheep D cow sheeps 11 Sheep white and milk also white A is are B are is C is is D are are 12 I d like to have a glass of milk and A two breads B two pieces of breads C two pieces of bread D two piece of bread 13 He bought A two pairs of shoes B two pair of shoes C two pairs of shoe D two pair of shoe Few a few little a little 专项练习 1 This is a very old song so young people know it a few b little c a few d a little 2 There aren t many oranges here but you can take if you want to a few b a few c a little d little 3 Shanghai Waihuan Tunnel is already open to traffic so it will take us time to go to Pudong International Airport a a few b fewer c a little d less 4 There is ink in my pen Would you give me a little a little b a little little c few a few d a few few 5 Mr Smith is quite busy today He has meetings to attend a little b a little c few d a few 6 I m sorry The room is small to hold so many people Would you please wait outside a so b such c very d too 7 Danny is that he wants to go to the fitness camp this summer holiday a such fat b so a fat boy c such a fat boy d so fat boy 8 How can you make a trip with so money a few b a few c little a little 9 There is milk in the fridge so we ll go to the supermarket and buy some a little b a little c few d a few 10 The house has many rooms that it was hard to find a way out a such b so c very d too 11 If you don t work you ll fail in the exam a enough hard b hardly enough c hard enough d enough hardly 12 I m make a phone call to my friends I have a lot of work to do a too busy to b so busy that c so busy to d too busy that 13 There are only students in the classroom Where are the others a a few b few c a little d little 14 These days young people like listening to the music with their mp4 A a few b a little c quite a few d quite a little 15 Now people can learn information from the Internet a a few b a lot c much d many 16 Paul has made a lot of kites but