高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解选编（四）11.doc

山东龙口市2017高考英语一轮阅读理解选编（五）阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。【2013潍坊5月模拟】Rae and Bruce Hostetler not only work very hard，they also relax just as well.Numerous vacations help the couple to maintain their health and emotional wellbeingand its no surprise to health care professionals.“Rest，relaxation，and stress reduction are very important for peoples wellbeing and health.This can be accomplished through daily activities，such as exercise and meditation，but vacation is an important part of this as well，” said primary care physician Natasha Withers from One Medical Group in New York.Withers lists a decreased risk of heart disease and improved reaction time as some of the benefits from taking some time off.“We also know that the mind is very powerful and can help with healing，so a rested，relaxed mind is able to help the body heal better，” said Withers.Psychologists confirm the value of vacations for the mind.“The impact that taking a vacation has on ones mental health is great，” said Francine Lederer，a clinical psychologist in Los Angeles who specializes in stress and relationship management.“Most people have better life perspective and are more motivated to achieve their goals after a vacation，even if it is a 24hour timeout.” The trips could be good for their health，good for their family and good for their businesses.The online travel agency Expedia conducted a survey about vacation time in 2010，and according to their data the average American earned 18 vacation daysbut only used 14 of them.France topped the list，with the average worker earning 37 vacation days and using all but two of them.Americans responses may not be surprising in a culture where long hours on the job often are valued，but thats not always good for the individual，the family or the employer.Psychologists have also found that people who dont take enough time to relax may find it harder to relax in the future.“Without time and opportunity to do this，the nerve connections that produce feelings of calm and peacefulness become weaker，making it actually more difficult to shift into lessstressed states，” Mulhern said.1How did the author introduce the topic of the text?ABy making comparisons.BBy giving an example.CBy raising questions.DBy providing data.2According to Natasha Withers，vacations can_.Aweaken reaction system Bcure serious diseasesCreduce the level of wellbeing Ddecrease the risk of heart disease3Expedias survey shows that Americans_.Adislike family gatheringsBhave the shortest vacationCenjoy as many vacations as the FrenchDthink much of spending long hours on the job4What can be inferred from the last paragraph?AOne should never wait to relax.BWork and rest go against each other.CTime and opportunity wait for no man.DA relaxed mind determines everything.5What is mainly talked about in the text?AWays to relax in ones free time.BThe benefits of taking time off.CDifferent opinions on holidays.DThe Hostetlers always on the go.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了休息和度假对人们生活幸福和身体健康的好处。1解析：推理判断题。根据第一段可知，文章通过Rae Hostetler和Bruce Hostetler夫妇的例子引出了文章的主题，故选B。答案：B2解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“Rest，relaxation，and stress reduction are very important for peoples wellbeing and health.”以及“but vacation is an important part of this as well”可知，度假对人们的身体健康很重要。答案：D3解析：细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段最后一句中的“Americans responses may not be surprising in a culture where long hours on the job often are valued”可知，美国人很认同将大量时间花在工作上的做法。答案：D4解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，如果没有时间和机会休息，时间久了会使得产生平静和安静的感情神经变得很弱，从而就更难产生让人放松的感觉了，由此可推知，选A。A项意为“我们要及时休息”。答案：A5解析：主旨大意题。文章第一段通过Rae Hostetler和Bruce Hostetler夫妇的例子引出了文章的主题，即度假休息有利于人们的身心健康。答案：B阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。Dear Rudyard Kipling,Father has consistently tried to instill(灌输) a sense of being a man in me ever since I was very young. When I reached the age of twelve he began taking me to his auto body shop. He told me this tough job would build me into a man of character. But this all changed a year ago when my mother passed away and stumbled upon your poem, If.My mother was the person who could understand me. If I ever got tired during my work hours at the shop I could call her to come and pick me up. It was my mother who instilled the love of literature and languages in me. My mother spoke six languages fluently and had thousands of books, which still sit in the attic of our house. It was in this “library” of hers that I picked up a book of poetry from a cold metal shelf and found your poem, If. Because of the death of my mother I felt alone, as if I belonged to no family. The image of a man was completely shattered when I saw him break down and cry, which looked so pathetic（凄惨的）and “unmanly” compared to his usual stoic（禁欲主义者）and emotionless countenance. Yet I remained silent remembering the golden words: “If you can keep your head when all about you/ Are losing theirs and blaming it on you youll be a Man, my son!”If reminded me to remain calm and “keep my head” because I wanted to be a man and wanted to be the one supporting my family. I sacrificed my ability to compete in a winter sport so that I could stay home and cook for my family and clean the house. My father saw this and our relationship has grown much stronger. He finally respected me for who I was and told me he was proud to have a man for his son. Through this poem, I realize that to be a man is not about putting weights on a barbell（杠铃）but rather putting the weight of others on your back. Your poem was so much more than just a simple list of guidelines or morals that some see it as; it really changed my life and my relationship with my dad. 41. According to the passage, what kind of person does the authors father expect him to be?A. A person who will shoulder responsibilities.B. A person who knows how to earn a lot of money.C. A person who knows how to do housework.D. A person who respects his parents.【答案】A 【解析】细节理解题。根据Father has consistently tried to instill(灌输) a sense of being a man in me ever since I was very young.作者的父亲想要他成为一个真正的能肩负起责任的男人，故选A。42. Who does the underlined word “him” in paragraph 3 refer to?A. the character in the poem B. the authors fatherC. the author D. an unknown person【答案】C【解析】词义猜测题。根据The image of a man was completely shattered when I saw him break down and cry,可知这里指的是作者自己，是作者痛苦，因为自己的母亲去世，故选C。43. According to the passage, a man in the authors mind would have the following qualities EXCEPT _.A. responsible B. calm C. caring D. enthusiastic 【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。responsible有责任心的； calm镇静的； caring爱心，有同情心的； enthusiastic热情的。根据because I wanted to be a man and wanted to be the one supporting my family. 作者认为人要有责任心；If you can keep your head when all about you/ Are losing theirs and blaming it on you youll be a Man, my son 这里作者引用母亲的话来说明人在遇到事情时要镇静；要If I ever got tired during my work hours at the shop I could call her to come and pick me up.作者认为要有爱心；只有选项D的热情没有提到，故选D。44. We can learn from the passage that _. A. the poem has helped to improve the relationship between the author and his fatherB. the author would not know how to help his family without the poemC. the authors father must have read the poem as wellD. the authors mother had told him about this poem before 【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据Your poem was so much more than just a simple list of guidelines or morals that some see it as; it really changed my life and my relationship with my dad.那首诗帮助改善了作者和父亲的关系，故选A。45. The author has written this letter to _.A. share with Rudyard Kipling his sadness resulting from the death of his mother B. show his appreciation for the positive influence the poem has brought to himC. share his opinion on the poemD. tell Rudyard Kipling how he got the poem 【答案】B 【解析】作者意图题。根据短文的内容可知作者想让我们知道那首诗带给他的积极的影响。【山东省泰安市2014第一轮质检试题】D How many hours do you spend sitting in a chair every day? Eight hours in the office plus three hours in front of the TV after work is the norm for many people You probably dont need an expert to tell you that sitting too much is not good for your healthfrom an increased risk of heart disease and obesity in the long term，to reduced cholesterol(胆固醇)maintenance in the short term，not to mention the strain on your neck and spine To make matters worse，many researches show a good diet and regular exercise callt reduce the negative effects of sitting too much A 2010 study of nearly 9,000 Australians found that for each additional hour of television a person watched per day，the risk of dying rose by 11 percentAnother study tracked the health of 123，000 Americans between 1992 and 2006The death rate for men who spent six hours or more per day sitting was about 20 percent higher than for men who sat for three hours or less So what can we do about it?Health experts suggest we break up those many hours spent sitting with more hours spent standing The BBC conducted a simple experiment with a group of 10 volunteers who usually spent most of the day sittingThey were asked to stand for at least three hours a dayThe researchers took measurements Oil days when the volunteers stood，and when they sat aroundWhen they looked at the data there were some striking differences，the BBC reportedBlood sugar leveled off much quicker on the days when the study subjects stood compared with the days they spent in a chairStanding also burned more caloriesabout 50 calories an hourA member said although doing exercise offers many proven benefits，our bodies also need the increase in muscle activity that standing providesThe researchers believe that even small adjustments，like standing while talking on the phone，will help56The underlined word“norm”in Paragraph 1 most probably means_ Astandard answer Bcause Cexcuse Dreasonable explanation57What bad effect does sitting too much have? AA low risk of heart disease BBecoming too fat CBalanced cholesterol maintenanceDBenefiting your neck and spine58Whats the main idea of Paragraph 4?ASitting is killing usBWe should have a good diet CWatching TV does us no good DWomen have higher death rate than men59What is the purpose of the experiment in the text? ATo help the 10 volunteers to lose weight BTo find the difference between standing and sitting CTo prove the benefit of standing DTo teach us how to control blood sugar60What would be the best title for the text? AHaving regular exercise BStanding up for health CWatching less TV DIncreasing muscle activity【参考答案】5660、ABACB 阅读理解-BThis is an old tale. Its the story of the three little pigs and the big bad wolf that blew down a house made of straw and one made of sticks. The only house left standing was the one made of bricks. Now there is new evidence to suggest that houses built with bales of straw can be very strong. They are also environmental. Pete Walker is a professor at the University of Bath in Britain. He and a team of researchers there have built a house made out of straw bales and hemp material. During the next twelve months the team will study the effectiveness of these materials in home building. Professor Walker says there are many good reasons for using straw. Professor Walker says that one of the benefits is that its a relatively inexpensively renewable material thats readily available. According to Professor Walker, straw takes in carbon dioxide as it grows. So it can be seen as having no harmful effects on the environment. He says straw helps the environment in other ways. Professor Walker: “The straw bale walls are relatively thick and so all that straw provides very good thermal(of heat) insulation. So we make buildings that require very little heating in the winter or indeed very little cooling in the summer. So they require very little additional energy.” Professor Walker says this reduces home operating expenses. It also reduces the effect on the environment. He says the current interest in straw bale houses is a direct response to the problem of climate change. David Lanfear owns an eco-friendly home building service in the United States called Bale on Bale Construction. He says he laughed when some friends first told him about houses built of straw. But after doing his own research, he learned that building with straw bales made a lot of sense. He has now helped to build more than ten straw bale houses and says the building material is becoming more widely accepted. To build the houses, he fills a wood frame with tightly packed bales of straw. Next he coats the walls inside and out with layers of clay plaster. He says the common ideas about straw houses continue, including stories about the threat of fire. Mr. Lanfear says straw bale houses have done well when tested for fire resistance. And he says his builders use the same building methods as traditional builders to keep out rain. David Lanfear: “We use what we call good shoes and a good hat, and that would be a solid foundation and a really good roof.”46. The function of the story in the first paragraph is to _.A. amuse the readersB. introduce the topic of this passage C. help the readers to recall their childhood memoryD. remind the readers that bricks are no longer the best choice for building 【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。根据用这个寓言故事来引出下文，因为它们有相同之处都是叙述的房子的问题，故选B。47. Which of the following words is closest in meaning to the underlined word “insulation” in paragraph six? A. protection B. condition C. transmission D. expansion 【答案】A【解析】词义猜测题。根据The straw bale walls are relatively thick及So we make buildings that require very little heating in th