可数名词与不可数名词(适合小学用)

名词名词 第一节第一节 可数名词可数名词 一 可数名词的分类 名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词两部分 其中 可数名词是表示能够计算 的人或物的名称 他们通常有单数和复数的形式 单数通常用 a an 或者是 one 来表示 an 用在元音字母的前面 如 a desk an apple one boy 二 可数名词的变化规则 1 直接在单词的后面加 s photo photos book books egg eggs student students pen pens village villages building buildings cloud clouds flower flowers hand hands map maps girl girls 2 如果单词以 s x ch sh 结尾 通常要在单词后面加 es bus buses class classes box box dress dresses peach peaches watch watches fish fishes 3 以辅音字母 y 结尾的单数名词要把 y 变为 i 再加 es 如果 y 的前面是元音 字母 则直接加上 s family families story stories baby babies day days toy toys boy boys 4 以 f fe 结尾的单词 要把 f fe 变为 v 再加 es knife knives wolf wolves shelf shelves 5 以 o 结尾的单词一般加 s 构成复数 但是 potato tomato hero 等词要加 es 构成复数 radio radios photo photos piano pianos zoo zoos studio studios potato potatoes tomato tomatoes hero heroes 6 一些特殊的不规则名词的复数 goose geese foot feet tooth teeth woman women man men sheep sheep fish fish deer deer people people child children ox oxen mouse mice 7 be 和指示代词的复数 is are am are this these that those it they 8 有些名词是通常以复数形式出现的 如 shoes pants boots glasses 等 综合练习综合练习 一 选择 a an 填空 1 elephant 2 tree 3 hamburger 4 ice cream 5 computer 6 orange 7 melon 8 hen 9 eraser 10 old man 11 English teacher 12 red apple 二 把下列单词改成复数形式 1 class 2 bus 3 glass 4 dress 5 box 6 fox 7 watch 8 peach 9 fish 10 wolf 11 knife 12 family 13 story 14 baby 15 library 三 写出下列各词的单数形式 1 potatoes 2 bridges 3 ladies 4 our 5 are 6 they 7 sheep 8 men 9 feet 10 dishes 11 shelves 12 houses 四 把下列句子变成复数形式 1 What is this 2 This is a bus 3 What is that 4 What is it 5 That is a tomato 6 He is a policeman 7 She is a woman 8 It is a wolf 9 There is a sheep near the mountain 10 She has a good teacher 五 选词填空 例 This is a lady lady ladies 1 There are some dish dishes on the table 2 Uncle Li has many duck ducks and a big dog dogs on his farm 3 Ihavesome English and American stamp stamps 4 This is not an orange oranges It s an apple apples 5 Kids like cake cakes and hot dogs hot dog 6 There is an air conditioner air conditioners and two window windows in my room 7 Artist An artist loves painting 8 Fishes Fish is my favourite food 9 Potatoes Potato are my favourite fruit 10 Rabbits Rabbit like carrot carrots 11 Children Chilrens have a good time on Children s Day 12 The little kid has only one tooth teeth 第三节第三节不可数名词不可数名词 一 不可数名词的概念 1 一般来说 不可数名词主要是以物质名词与抽象名词为主 它们通常没有复 数形式 也不能与 a an 连用 在表示 一 或 几 的数量概念时 不可 数名词必须与相应的量词连用 如果时表示复数的数量关系时 则把量词变 化 不可数名词不变 修饰不可数名词的数量词语有 some any much a lot of a little 等 例如 a box of milk 一盒牛奶 some water 一些水 much food 大量的食物 a little time 一点时间 2 some 与 any 词语辨析 some 与 any 都表示 一些 但它们的用法不同 some 用在肯定句中 而 any 用在否定句与一般疑问句中 同学们要特别注意的是 some 还可以用在 客气请求的一般疑问句中 例子 I have some beautiful stamps 肯定句 I don t have any beautiful stamps 否定句 Do you have any beautiful stamps 一般疑问句 A Can I have any some bananas B Sure 客气请求的一般疑问句 3 many a lot of much 词语辨析 many a lot of much 这三个词都是表示 许多 many 是用来修饰可数名词 much 用来修饰不可数名词 a lot of 则用来修饰可数与不可数名词 例子 Peter has many friend 可数名词的前面 Peter has much food for his birthday party 不可数名词的前面 Peter has a lot of friend 可数名词的前面 Peter has a lot of food for his birthday party 不可数名词的前面 二 不可数名词的归类 1 表示液体 water juice milk lemonade coffee coke ink 2 表示自然现象 snow rain ice 3 表示食品类 rice jam honey meat bread mutton beef tofu eggplant pork chicken fish foo