2012届高考英语一轮复习 Unit 12 Culture Shock讲练精品学案 北师大版必修4

用心 爱心 专心1 ModuleModule 4Unit4Unit 1212 CultureCulture ShockShock 1 throw vt 投 掷 抛 投射 阴影 投入 精讲拓展 throw away 浪费 坐失 良机 throw off 匆匆脱掉 摆脱掉 throw oneself into 投身于 积极从事 throw doubt on 使人对 产生怀疑 throw light on upon 使某事显得非常清楚 使人明白 典型例句 He threw himself into his work heart and soul 他全身心地投入到工作中 The scientist throws doubt on the result 那位科学家对结果产生怀疑 It was so hot that I threw off my blanket 天太热 我掀掉了毯子 美国传统 My father threw away a chance to make a fortune 我父亲错过了发财的机会 美国传统 即学即用 翻译句子 他错过了一个绝好的机会 He threw away an excellent chance 2 owe vi vt 欠 债 感激 感恩 把 归功于 to 由于 精讲拓展 owe sb sth owe sth to sb 欠某人某物 owe sth to 把 归功于 受到 的恩惠 owe it to oneself to do 认为自己有必要做 认为自己有责 任做 owing to 因为 由于 典型例句 I owe you for your help 由于你的帮助 我还得谢谢你 朗文当代 She owes her good health to exercise 她把自己的健康归因于锻炼身体 美国传统 We couldn t get there in time owing to an accident 由于发生了事故 我们没能及时赶到那里 朗文当代 I owe a debt of gratitude to all my family 我很感激我的全家人 朗文当代 即学即用 用心 爱心 专心2 do we owe the discovery of the oil field A What B Who C To whom D For what 解析 句意为 这块油田的发现该归功于谁 owe sth to sb 把 归功于 答案 C 3 apologize vi 道歉 认错 精讲拓展 apologize to sb for sth doing sth 因某事向某人道歉 make an apology to sb for sth 因某事向某人道歉 accept sb s apology 接受某人的道歉 owe sb an apology 应向某人道歉 offer demand an apology 主动 要求道歉 典型例句 Please accept our sincere apologies 请接受我们真诚的道歉 朗文当代 I apologize for being so angry with you 对和你生气这件事 我向你道歉 朗文当代 I demand a public apology from you 我要求你公开道歉 朗文当代 Did he apologize to you for being late 他为迟到的事向你道歉了吗 美国传统 即学即用 You must apologize your teacher what you have done A for B for to C to D to for 解析 句意为 你必须为你的所做所为向老师道歉 答案 D 4 afford vt 买得起 有能力支付 常与 can could be able to 连用 精讲拓展 afford sth 买得起 负担得起 afford to do 担负得起 损失 费用 后果 足以 afford sb sth afford sth to sb 给予某人某物 afford sth 提供 一般只用于抽象事物 典型例句 If we save our money we can afford a new TV set 如果我们存钱 就能买一台新电视机 美国传统 Music affords her pleasure 音乐给她带来快乐 朗文当代 This window affords a view of the mountains 从这扇窗户能看到群山 美国传统 Can you afford the time 你能抽出时间么 朗文当代 即学即用 翻译句子 那些日子里他们请不起医生 afford In those days they couldn t afford a doctor 5 absorb vt 吸收 理解 掌握 承受 使专心 用心 爱心 专心3 精讲拓展 absorb one s attention 吸引某人的注意力 be absorbed in 专心致志于 be absorbed by 被 吞并 为 所吸收 典型例句 A paper towel absorbed the water 纸巾吸干了水 美国传统 My job after school absorbs all of my time 我的课余工作占据了我的全部时间 美国传统 I haven t absorbed what he said 我还没弄懂他说的一切 朗文当代 即学即用 Everyone was in the game and no one noticed my coming A devoted B absorbing C absorbed D devoting 解析 句意为 所有人都在专心致志打游戏 谁也没注意到我的到达 be devoted to be absorbed in 意为 专心致志于 答案 C 6 exchange vt 交换 更换 兑换 n 交换 外汇 交易所 精讲拓展 exchange information ideas 交流信息 想法 exchange for 以 换 exchange sth with sb 和某人交换某物 in exchange for 作为交换 对 的交换 典型例句 Where can I exchange my dollars for pounds 我在哪儿可以把美元兑换成英镑 朗文当代 I exchanged the tie for a belt at the store 我在商店里把领带换成皮带 美国传统 What will you give me in exchange 你给我什么作为交换呢 朗文当代 即学即用 翻译句子 用我的旧电视机换这架照相机 你愿意吗 Would you like my old TV in exchange for this camera 7 request vt n 要求 请求 精讲拓展 request sth 要求某事 request to do sth 要求做 request sb to do sth 要求某人干 事 request that 从句 从句的动词用 should 动词原形 at sb s request 应某人的要求 请求 in request 为人们所需要 受欢迎 典型例句 用心 爱心 专心4 Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits 参观者请勿触 摸展品 朗文当代 We requested that the next meeting be held on a Friday 我们要求下次会议星期五举行 剑桥高阶 He was transferred to another department at his own request 应本人的要求他被调到别的部门去了 朗文当代 These white socks have been much in request lately 这种白色短袜近来很行销 朗文当代 即学即用 They made a request that the prisoners set free A be B should C would be D will be 解析 句意为 他们要求释放犯人 request 作为名词后接表语从句 同位语从句时 从 句的动词用 should 动词原形 答案 A 8 remind vt 提醒 使记起 使想起 精讲拓展 remind sb sth 使想起 使记起 remind sb sth 提醒某人某事 remind sb of sth doing sth 使某人想起 记起某事 remind sb to do sth 提醒某人干某事 remind sb that 提醒某人 典型例句 What he had said reminded me of my hometown 他的话使我想起我的家乡 朗文当代 I rang Jill and reminded her that the conference had been cancelled 我给吉尔打电话提醒她会议已经取消了 剑桥高阶 Let me remind you what we are looking for 让我提醒你我们要找什么 朗文当代 Please remind me to post this letter 请提醒我寄这封信 剑桥高阶 即学即用 翻译句子 那些照片使我想起了我的学校岁月 The pictures remind me of my school days 9 attach vt 系 贴 连接 使附属 重视 精讲拓展 attach to 把 固定在 把 附在 attach oneself to 使成为一部分 使在一起 使依附 attach to 与 有关联 附属 附加 be attached to 依恋 爱慕 附属于 典型例句 All blame must attach to myself 一切责任应由本人承担 朗文当代 用心 爱心 专心5 Being on his own he attached himself to a noisy group at the bar 因为就一个人 他跟酒吧里一群闹哄哄的人搭上了话 剑桥高阶 I attached a wire to the radio 我在收音机上接了一根电线 朗文当代 The children are very attached to their grandparents 孩子们非常依恋他们的祖父母 剑桥高阶 即学即用 翻译句子 他十分喜爱他的女儿 attach He is very attached to his daughter 1 set out 开始 动身 出发 着手 set about 着手 开始 做 set sb an example 为某人树立榜样 set foot in on 登上 涉足 访问 set off 出发 动身 引起 set free 释放 be set in 故事 发生在 以 为背景 set sail 启航 set in 雨等恶劣天气 到来 开始 set aside 储蓄 把 放在一边 典型例句 They set out to work as soon as they arrived 他们一到达就开始工作 朗文当代 This rain looks as if it has set in for the rest of the day 看来今天雨不会停 剑桥高阶 They ve just set off on a round the world cruise 他们刚刚出发去作一次环球巡游 剑桥高阶 Let s set aside our personal feelings 让我们抛开个人情绪 朗文当代 即学即用 用适当的词完成句子 He set washing his car I ll set to prepare supper about out We all set for New York next Tuesday Do be careful with these fireworks the slightest spark could set them The novel is set the 17th century Spain 用心 爱心 专心6 off out off in 2 turn out 结果是 后来是 被证明是 turn about 转过身来 turn aside 闪开 让开 偏离 turn away 转过脸去 驱逐 拒绝 turn back 阻止 阻挡 turn down 拒绝 turn in 上缴 归还 turn off 关 解雇 turn over 翻阅 移交 turn to 求助 翻到 页 着手 致力于 turn up 出席 发生 典型例句 The day turned out to be fine 结果那天是晴天 朗文当代 When they show an operation on TV I have to turn away 电视上播手术过程时 我只能转脸不看 剑桥高阶 Something unexpected has turned up 发生了没有料到的事 朗文当代 She has turned the article into English 她已把这篇文章译成英语 朗文当代 Please turn your old parking permits in at the end of the week 请于本周末交回旧的停车证 剑桥高阶 即学即用 完成句子 All of a sudden he turned and saw me He turned pretending not to see me The wheel of history cannot be turned I have to turn your offer He turned a page or two but was not interested about back aside down over It is who that 精讲拓展 用心 爱心 专心7 强调句型是对句中某一成分 主语 宾语 状语 加以强调 如果被强调的成分是人 则用 who that 如果被强调的部分是其它成分时 只用 that I met John in the street yesterday 我昨天在街上遇见了约翰 1 强调主语 It was I that who met John in the street yesterday 是我昨天在街上遇见约翰 2 强调宾语 It was John that I met in the street yesterday 我昨天在街上遇见的是约翰 3 强调地点状语 It was in the street that I met John yesterday 是在街上昨天我遇见了约翰 4 强调时间状语 It was yesterday that I met John in the street 是昨天我在街上遇见了约翰 强调句型的注意点 1 被强调的代词格应与原句的格相一致 It is him that I want to see 强调 see 后的宾语 2 被强调部分若是主语 who that 后的谓语动词须在人称和数上 与主语相一致 It is I whom am to blame 这全怪我 3 It 还可指时间 天气 环境等 It was three o clock when I came back 当我回来的时候已是三点了 但 It was at three o clock that I came back 强调句型 是在三点钟我回来的 4 强调 直到 才 It is was not until that It was not until the dinner was ready that he came back 晚饭做好了他才回来 1 He poor all his life A went on B continued C insisted D remained 解析 句意为 他一生都贫穷 remain 为系动词后接形容词作表语 答案 D 2 The experiment to be A turned out great success B turned out a great success C turned into greatly successful D turned up great success 解析 句意为 实验的结果很成功 turn out 表 结果 被证明是 turn up 表 开大 出现 turn into 表 变成 success 抽象名 词具体化时要加不定冠词 a an 答案 B 3 Where was it the road accident happened yesterday A when B that C which D how 解析 句意为 昨天是在哪里发生了道路交通事故 该句是疑问句的强调句型 用心 爱心 专心8 答案 B 4 Science and technology have in important ways to the improvement of agricultural production A attached B assisted C contributed D witnessed 解析 句意为 科学技术对农业生产的提高有很重要的贡献 attach 表 系上 附上 assist 表 帮助 witness 表 目睹 答案 C 5 Do you know you an apology to me You should do that immediately Oh sorry A gave B made C owe D own 解析 句意为 你知道应该向我道歉吗 你必须马上道歉 噢 对不起 owe sth to sb 表 欠某人某物 答案 C 6 Can Li Hua help me with my English I regret to tell you her English is yours A as good as B no more than C more better than D no better than 解析 句意为 李华能帮助我学英语吗 我遗憾地告诉你她的英语和你的一样差 no better than 表 与 一样不好 答案 D 7 I everyone make full use of time A wish B hope C want D suggest 解析 句意为 我建议每个人都应该充分利用时间 根据从句的动词 make 用原形可知主句 的动词必须后接虚拟语气的动词 答案 D 8 What should I wear to attend his birthday party Dress you like A what B however C whatever D how 解析 句意为 我该穿什么去参加他的生日舞会 你爱怎么穿都可以 dress 后不 能接 something 作宾语 只能用 somebody 作宾语 故 A C 不能选 这是一个用 however 引导的让步状语从句 答案 B 9 It seems the trouble lies A that B here C where D there 解析 句意为 这就是问题之所在 where 引导一表语从句 在从句中作状语 答案 C 10 Are you satisfied with his answer Not at all It couldn t have been A the worst B better C worse D so bad 解析 句意为 你对他的回答满意吗 一点也不 没有比这更差的回答了 否定词 not never 与比较级连用表最高级 没有比这更 答案 C 11 He sold his car 2 000 A by B with C for D in 用心 爱心 专心9 解析 句意为 他以两千美元的价格卖掉了他的车 for 后可接价格 答案 C 虚拟语气常表说话人的愿望 假设 猜测或建议而不表示客观存在的事实 一 虚拟语气在条件状语从句的运用 1 与现在事实相反 2 与过去事实相反 3 与将来事实相反 朗文在线 1 If I were you I should study English 如果我是你 我会学英语的 2 She would have gone to the party if she had been invited last night 如果受到邀请 她昨晚就去参加晚会了 3 If it were to rain tomorrow the meeting would be put off 如果明天下雨 会议 就会推迟 条件虚拟语气的注意点 1 当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时 动词的形式要根 据它所表示的时间来调整 If you had gone to a doctor you would be all right now 要是你当时去看了医生的话 那你现在就好了 从句是对过去的虚拟 主句是对现在的虚拟 2 在虚拟条件句中 可将 if 省略 而将 were had should 提前 句子实行倒装 Had you been here earlier you would have seen him 要是你早点到这儿 你会见到他 的 Were it not for the expense I would go to Italy 要不是费用的问题 我会去意大利 的 3 隐含虚拟语气 即用介词短语或其它形式代替条件句 But for your help I couldn t have done it on time 要不是你的帮助 我是无法按 时做完这事的 He was very busy yesterday otherwise he would have come to the party 昨天他很忙 否则的话他会来参加这次舞会的 二 虚拟语气中的常见句型 1 had hoped thought intended that 从句 表示 本来希望 想要 打算 宾语从 句的谓语常用 would 动词原形 I had thought he would come 我本来以为他会来的 2 wish 宾语从句 常表不能或难以实现的愿望 1 表现在不能实现的愿望 从句谓语用过去式 I wish it were spring all the year round 我希望全年都是春天 2 表将来不能实现的愿望 从句谓语用 could would 动词原形 I wish you could go with us tomorrow 我希望明天你能跟我们一道走 3 表过去没能实现的愿望 从句谓语用 had done 用心 爱心 专心10 I wish I hadn t wasted my time when I was young 我希望我年轻时没浪费那么多的时 光 注意 It is was wished that 从句或 wish 作为名词 后接表语从句 同位语从句时 也 要采用以上三种形式的虚拟语气 3 在动词 insist command recommend prefer urge order suggest propose advise dema nd desire request require arrange 等表 命令 建议 要求 后接宾语从句 从 句的动词用 should 动词原形 但 suggest 表 暗示 表明 insist 表 力言 强 调 坚持说 时后接宾语从句 宾语从句不用虚拟语气 He demanded that we should start right away 他要求我们立刻动身出发 I suggest he not go tomorrow 我建议他明天不要去 Mike insisted that he had never stolen anything Mike 坚持说他从没偷过东西 注意 It is desired suggested decided ordered requested 表 命令 建议 要求 that 从句或其它名词的形式 出现如 advice idea order demand proposal suggestion request 后接表语从句 同位语 从句时 从句的动词必须用 should 动词原形 My idea is that we should do exercises first 我的看法是先做完作业 It is my order that you should finish the work ahead of time 我要求你们要提前 完成这项工作 4 It is necessary important natural strange funny surprising 等 that 从句 1 若从句表惊奇 不相信 惋惜 理应如此时 从句用虚拟 即从句的动词用 should 动词原形 should 可译为 应该 或 竟然 2 若不表示以上的情感 也可用陈述语气 It is strange that he should say so 这就怪了 他居然说出那样的话 It is necessary that we should clean the room every day 我们每天打扫房间 这是 必需的 5 It is a pity a shame no wonder that 从句 若表示一种强烈情感时 从句的动词用 should 动词原形 若不表示这种情感 可用陈述 语气 It was a pity that you should be so careless 真遗憾 他竟然如此粗心 6 It is high about time that 从句 从句的动词用过去式或 should 动词原形 should 不可省 It is time that children went to bed 孩子们该睡觉了 7 用于 as if as though 引导的表语从句或状语从句中 1 对过去的虚拟 从句动词用过去完成式 He speaks as if he had been there before 他说起话来好像以前到过那儿似的 2 对现在的虚拟 从句的动词用过去式 He talks as if he knew everything 他说起来好像什么都知道似的 3 对将来的虚拟 动词用 would could 动词原形 The man looked very worried as if something would happen to him 那个人显得很焦虑 好像要发生什么事情似的 注意 It looks as if as though 引导的表语从句若表示真实情况 不用虚拟 It looks as if it is going to rain 天看起来要下雨 8 would rather 从句 从句用虚拟语气 用心 爱心 专心11 1 对现在 将来虚拟 从句动词用过去式 I would rather you came tomorrow 我宁愿你明天来 2 对过去虚拟 从句动词用过去完成式 I would rather you had stayed with us yesterday but you left 我倒想你昨天与我们在一起但是你走了 1 There was plenty of time She A mustn t have hurried B needn t hurry C mustn t hurry D needn t have hurried 解析 句意为 当时时间充足 她根本不必那么急的 needn t have done 表虚拟 本来 不必 答案 D 2 His order that everyone hand in the exercisebooks is correct A can B may C shall D should 解析 句意为 他要求所有人把作业交上去 这是正确的 order 后接同位语从句时 从 句用虚拟 答案 D 3 It is that he repair the machine in a new way A certain B sure C suggested D true 解析 句意为 建议他按新方法修理这台机器 由于从句的动词用了原形 所以前面必须 是带虚拟语气作宾语的动词 答案 C 4 You see he s failed again You him more help A ought to give B ought have given C ought to have given D should give 解析 句意为 瞧 他又失败了 你本该给他更多帮助的 ought to have done 表 本来 应该 但 答案 C 5 Had I known it I him at that time A should tell B ought to tell C would tell D would have told 解析 句意为 要是我知道这件事 当时我就告诉他了 从前面句子看是一个省略 if 而倒 装的过去虚拟语气 故主句用 would have done 答案 D 6 If he hurt his legs yesterday he visit the Great Wall with us now A hadn t wouldn t B didn t wouldn t C hadn t were to D hadn t would 解析 句意为 要是他昨天不伤着腿的话 那他现在就和我们一起在游览长城了 从句意 看 从句是对过去的虚拟 故用 had done 而主句是对现在的虚拟用 would 动词原形 答案 D 用心 爱心 专心12 7 But for your help I yesterday A hadn t succeeded B wouldn t succeed C didn t succeed D wouldn t have succeeded 解析 句意为 要不是你的帮助 我昨天是无法成功的 but for 表 要不是 相当于一 个虚拟条件句 主句是对过去的虚拟 答案 D 8 it would stop snowing A If only B Only if C Even if D But for 解析 句意为 要是雪现在不下了就好了 if only 表 要是 就好了 句子常用虚拟 对现在 将来的虚拟从句动词常用过去式或 could would 动词原形 对过去的虚拟 从 句的动词用过去完成式 答案 A 9 She wishes her husband to come over A will manage B could manage C manage D should manage 解析 句意为 她希望她丈夫能苏醒过来 wish 后接宾语从句用虚拟 对将来的虚拟从句 动词用 could would 动词原形 答案 B 10 It s high time that he rid of his bad habit A get B got C gets D had got 解析 句意为 是该他去掉坏习惯的时候了 It s high about time that 从句 从句的 动词要用过去式或 should 动词原形 答案 B 1 Some insisted that we an English evening at weekend yet some insisted that they no interest in it at all A should hold take B were going to hold show C hold took D would hold would show 解析 句意为 有些人坚持认为我们应该在周末举行一次英语晚会 但有些人说他们一点 也不感兴趣 insist 表 强调 坚持说 时 从句不用虚拟 表 坚持认为 坚决主张 时 从句用虚拟 答案 C 2 His illness was too serious otherwise he saved A could be B couldn t have been C could have been D could have 解析 句意为 当时他的病太严重 否则的话他会得救的 co