2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题（江苏卷解析版）

1 20122012 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题 江苏卷 解析版 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题 江苏卷 解析版 第 卷 选择题 共 50 分 第一部分 听力 共两节 满分 30 分 回答听力部分时 请先将答案标在试卷上 听力部分结束前 你将有两分钟的时间将您的答 案转涂到客观答题卡上 第一节 共 5 小题 每小题 1 5 分 满分 7 5 分 听下面 5 段对话 每段对话后有一个小题 从题中所给的 A B C 三个选项选出最佳选项 并标在试卷的相应位置 听完每段对话后 你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下 小题 每段对话仅读一遍 例 How much is the shirt A 19 15 B 9 15 C 9 18 答案是 B 1 Where does this conversation probably take place A In a bookstore B In a classroomC In a library 2 At what time will the film begin A 7 20B 7 15C 7 00 3 What are the two speakers mainly talking about A Their friend Jane B A weekend trip C A radio programme 4 What will the woman probably do A Catch a train B See the man off C Go shopping 5 Why did the woman apologize A She made a late delivery B She went to the wrong placeC She couldn t take the cake back 第二节 共 15 小题 每小题 1 5 分 满分 22 5 分 听下面 5 段对话 每段对话有几个小题 从题中所给的 A B C 三个选项中选出的最佳选项 并标在试卷的相应位置 听每段对 话前 你将有时间阅读各个小题 每小题 5 秒钟 听完 后 各小题给出 5 秒钟的做答时间 每段对话读两遍 听第 6 段材料 回答第 6 7 题 6 Whose CD is broken A Kathy sB Mun sC Jack s 7 What dose the boy promise to do for the girl A Buy her new CD B Do some cleaning C Give her 10 dollars 听第 7 段材料 回答第 8 9 题 8 What did the man think of the meal A Just so so B Quite satisfactoryC A bit disappointing 9 What was the 15 on the bill paid for A The food B The drinks C The service 听第 8 段材料 回答第 10 至 12 题 2 10 Why is the man at the shop A To order a camera for his wife B To have a camera repaired C To get camera changed 11 What colour does the man want A Pink B Black COrange 12 What will the man do afterwards A Make a phone call B Wait until further notice C Come again the next day 听第 9 段材料 回答第 13 至 16 题 13 What would Joe probably do during the Thanksgiving holiday A Go to a play B Stay at home C Visit Kingston 14 What is Ariel going to do in Toronto A Attend a party B Meet her aunt C See a car show 15 Why is ariel in a hurry to leave A To call up Betty B To buy some DVDs C To pick up Daniel 16 What might be the relationship between the speakers A Classmates B Fellow workers C Guide and tourist 听第 10 段材料 回答每 17 至 30 题 17 Where does Thomas Manning work A In the Guinness Company B At a radio station C In a museum 18 Where did the idea of a book of records come from A A bird shooting trip B A visit to Europe C A television talk show 19 When did Sir Hugh s first book of records appear A In 1875 B In 1950 C In 1955 20 What are the two speakers going to talk about nexr 3 A More records of unusual facts B The founder of the company C The oldest person in the world 第二部分 英语知识运用 共两节 满分 45 分 第一节 单项填空 共 15 小题 每小题 1 分 满分 15 分 从 A B C D 四个选项中 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 并在答题卡上将该项涂 黑 例 It is generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants A however B whatever C whichever D whenever 答案是 B 21 Can I help you with it I appreciate your but I can manage it myself A adviceB questionC offer D idea 21 考点 名词词义辨析 答案 C 解析 句意为 我可以帮你吗 我感激你的提议 offer 但我自己能设法做 的 offer意为 提议 符合题意 A意为 建议 劝告 B意为 问题 D意为 想法 主意 难度 一般 22 After the flooding people were suffering in that area urgently needed clean water medicine and shelter to survive A which B who C where D what 22 考点 定语从句 关系代词 答案 B 解析 指人的先行词people在非限制性定语从句中充当主语 所以用关系代词who引导 故选B项 举一反三 由 who 引导的定语从句 关系代词 who 只能指人 在从句中作主语或宾语 如 A teacher is a person who passes knowledge to the student 教师是传授知识的人 关系代词在从句中作主语 The man who can do this work will get 1000 dollars 能够做此工作的人将获得 1000 美元 关系代词 who 在从句中作主语 难度 一般 23 Sophia waited for a reply but came A either B another C neither D none 23 考点 代词辨析 neither none 答案 D 4 解析 句意为 Sophia等候答复 但没有任何答复 根据转折连词but可知 此处应用表 示否定意义的代词 所以排除A项和B项 neither意为 两者都不 none意为 三者或三者 以上都不 根据前半句中的 a reply 提示可知 故选D项 难度 一般 24 Don t worry Mum The doctor said it was only the flu I ll tell Dad there s nothing serious A What a relief B Congratulations C How surprising D I m so sorry 24 考点 交际用语 安慰 答案 A 解析 句意为 妈妈 别担心 医生说只是流感 我可以松口气了 我要告诉爸 爸没有什么严重的 A项意为 可以松口气了 符合语境 B项意为 祝贺 C项意为 多 么令人惊讶啊 D项意为 我很抱歉 根据句意 应选A项 难度 一般 25 There is little doubt in your mind that he is innocent A is thereB isn t thereC is heD isn t he 25 考点 特殊句式 反义问句 答案 A 解析 根据前面there be 句里含有否定意义的词little 所以反意疑问句用肯定形式 其主谓应与陈述部分的主谓保持一致 故选A项 举一反三 陈述部分如含有 never hardly scarcely seldom little few nobody nothing 等否定词或半否定词时 这部分应视为否定形式 简短问句就用肯定形式 如 He was hardly twelve then was he 他当时几乎不到十二岁 是吗 陈述部分含有带 否定 前缀的词 则这部分应看做肯定形式 简短问句就用否定形式 如 she dislikes the way you work doesn t she 她不喜欢你的工作方式 对吗 难度 一般 26 OK I ve had enough of it I give up You can t your responsibilities A run off with B run up against C run out ofD run away from 26 考点 动词短语辨析 答案 D 解析 run away from意为 逃离 躲避 run off with意为 偷走 与 私奔 run up against意为 偶遇 run out of意为 用完 句意为 好了 我已受够了 我放 弃 你不能逃避你的责任 根据句意 应选D项 难度 一般 27 The notice came around two in the afternoonthe meeting would be postponed A whenB thatC whetherD how 27 考点 名词性从句 同位语从句 答案 B 5 解析 句意为 会议将被延期的通知大约下午两点钟来 空格后的句子是解释说明名词 the notice 作同位语从句 在从句中不做任何成分 所以用that引导 举一反三 同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句 1 同位语从句的功能 同位语从句对名词进一步解释 说明名词的具体内容 一般由 that 引导 如 The king s decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people 国王作出的这名囚犯释放的决定让人们大吃一惊 2 同位语在句子中的位置 同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面 而是被别的词隔开 如 He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off 他从玛丽那里得知运动会要延期举行 3 同位语从句与定语从句的区别 1 定语从句中的 that 既代替先行词 同时在从句中作某个成分 主语或宾语 而同位语 从句中的 that 是连词 只起连接主句与从句的作用 不充当句中任何成分 2 定语从句是形容词性的 其功能是修饰先行词 对先行词加以限定 描述它的性质或特 征 同位语从句是名词性的 其功能是对名词进行补充说明 如 The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year 他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国 第一个 that 引导的从句是定语从句 that 在从句中 作宾语 The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him 汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的 同位语从句 that 在句中不作任何成分 试题延伸 2011 天津 Modern science has given clear evidence smoking can lead to many diseases A what B which C that D where 点拨 C 题意 抽烟会导致多种疾病 对此现代科学已经给出了明确的证据 本题考查名 词性从句 同位语从句 evidence 后的从句说明的是其具体内容 从句中不缺少句子成分 故用 that 引导同位语从句 其他三项引导同位语从句都要在从句中作成分 难度 一般 28 Days later my brother called to say he was all right butsay where he was A mustn tB shouldn tC wouldn tD mightn t 28 考点 情态动词 would 答案 C 6 解析 mustn t意为 禁止 shouldn t意为 不应该 wouldn t意为 不愿意 mightn t意为 或许不 句意为 几天后 我哥哥打电话说他一切很好 但不愿意说他在 哪儿 根据句意可知 应选C项 难度 一般 29 Thank God you re safe I stepped back just to avoid the racing car A in timeB in caseC in needD in vain 29 考点 介词短语 答案 A 解析 in time意为 及时 in case意为 万一 假使 in need意为 需要 in vain意为 徒劳 无济于事 句意为 谢天谢地 你是安全的 我走回去 正好 避免赛车 符合题意 难度 一般 30 One s life has value one brings value to the life of others A so thatB no matter how C as long asD except that 30 考点 连词 答案 C 解析 as long as意为 只要 so that意为 以便 因此 no matter how意为 不管 怎样 except that意为 除了 句意为 只要一个人给别人的生活带来价值 那么他的 生命就有价值 根据题意 应选C项 难度 一般 31 an important decision more on emotion than on reason you will regret it sooner or later A BasedB BasingC BaseD To base 31 考点 非谓语动词 动词现在分词做状语 答案 B 解析 动词base与逻辑主语you之间构成主谓关系 所以用现在分词作状语 故选B项 举一反三 1 现在分词的主动语态 现在分词主动语态的一般式表示与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生 完成式表示的动作在 谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生 常作状语 如 They went to the park singing and talking 他们边唱边说向公园走去 Having done his homework he played basketball 做完作业 他开始打篮球 2 现在分词的被动语态 一般式表示与谓语动词同时发生的被动的动作 完成式表示发生在谓语动词之前的被动的 动作 The problem being discussed is very important 正在被讨论的问题很重要 7 Having been told many times the naughty boy made the same mistake 被告诉了好几遍 这个淘气的孩子又犯了同一个错误 试题延伸 2011 辽宁 around the fire the tourists danced with the local people A Gather B To gather C Gathering D To be gathering 点拨 C 题意 游客们围在火堆旁 与当地人一起跳舞 本题考查非谓语动词 句子主 语 the tourists 是动词 gather 的执行者 二者是主动关系 故用现在分词作状语 难度 较难 32 The manager is said to have arrived back from Paris where he some European partners A would meet B is meetingC meetsD had met 32 考点 动词的时态和语态 过去完成时 答案 D 解析 根据句中 is said to have arrived 可知 arrive这个动作是在过去发生的 而会面的动作则在arrive的动作之前发生的 即在过去的过去发生的动作 所以用过去完成 时 故选D项 易错点拨 本题时态选择的关键是根据 is said to have arrived 可知 这一动作发 生在过去 因此 会面 这个动作是在到达之前发生的 所以用过去完成时 难度 较难 33 Honey the cats stuck in the tree Can you turn off the TV and get a ladder Oh it jumped off A Never mind B All rightC No problemD Take care 33 考点 交际用语 安慰 答案 A 解析 A项意为 别介意 别放在心上 B项意为 好吧 C项意为 没问题 D项意为 当心 句意为 亲爱的 那只猫被困在树上 你可以关电视 拿梯子 哦 它会跳下来 别放在心上 根据上面是在担心 故后面是安慰 故选A项 难度 一般 34 The president hopes that the people will be better off when he quits than when he A has started B startsC startedD will start 34 考点 动词时态 一般过去时 答案 C 解析 句意为 这位总统希望人民在他离任时比他刚上任时更富有 根据句意 总统开始 上任是过去发生的动作 所以用一般过去时 故选C项 易错分析 考生容易根据when he quits而误选B项 事实上when he quits中的quits是用 了一般现在时来代替一般将来时 难度 较难 8 35 Happy birthday Thank you It s the best present Ifor A should have wishedB must have wished C may have wishedD could have wished 35 考点 情态动词 完成式 答案 D 解析 A项意为 本应该期望而实际上并非如此 B项意为 一定希望 C项意为 也许 希望 D项意为 可能希望 句意为 生日快乐 谢谢你 这是我所能期望的最 好的礼物了 根据句意可知 应选D项 举一反三 情态动词 have 过去分词表示与过去事实上相反的情况 也是高考单项选择 题涉及到情态动词的一个重要方面 高考对情态动词表示虚拟 用法 表示与过去事实相反 的情况 近几年高考 主要侧重 should not have done 这一句式上 表示本来不该做却 做了或本来该做却未做的事 在复习时 还应关注其它几种虚拟形式 如 need not have done 表示本来需要做而未做或本来不需要而做的事等等 以做到有备无患 试题延伸 Oh I m not feeling well in the stomach I so much fried chicken just now A shouldn t eat B mustn t have eaten C shouldn t have eaten D mustn t eat 解析解析 该句所表达的意思是刚才我不因该吃那么多炸鸡 而实际上是吃了那么多 可以判 断用 shouldn t have eaten 答案是 C 难度 一般 第二节 完形填空 共 20 小题 每小题 1 5 分 满分 30 分 阅读下面短文 从短文后各题所给的四个选项 A B C D 中 选出可以填入空白处 的最佳选项 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑 The concept of solitude 独处 in the digital world is almost non existent In the world of digital technology e mail social networking and online video games information is meant to be 36 Solitude can be hard to discover 37 it has been given up In this respect new technologies have 38 our culture The desire to be connected has brought solitude to a n 39 as we ve known it People have become so 40 in the world of networks and connections that one can often be contacted 41 they d rather not be Today we can talk text e mail chat and blog 写博客 not only from our 42 but from our mobile phones as well Most developed nations have become 43 on digital technology simply because they ve grown accustomed to it and at this point not 44 it would make them an outsider 45 many jobs and careers require people to be 46 From this point of view technology has changed the culture of work Being reachable might feel like a 47 to those who may not want to be able to be contacted at all times I suppose the positive side is that solitude is still possible for anyone who 48 wants it Computers can be shut 49 and mobile phones can be turned off The ability to be connected and on has many 50 as well as disadvantages Travelers have ended up 51 on mountains and mobile phones have saved countless lives They can also make people feel 52 and forced to answer unwanted calls or 53 to unwanted texts 9 Attitudes towards our connectedness as a society 54 across generations Some find today s technology a gift Others consider it a curse Regardless of anyone s view on the subject it s hard to imagine what life would be like 55 daily advancements in technology 36 A updatedB receivedC sharedD collected 37 A thoughB untilC onceD before 38 A respected B shaped C ignoredD preserved 39 A edge B stage C endD balance 40 A sensitiveB intelligentC considerateD reachable 41 A even if B only ifC as ifD if only 42 A mediaB computesC databasesD monitors 43 A bentB hardC keenD dependent 43 A bent B hard C keenD dependent 44 A findingB using C protectingD changing 45 A Also B Instead C Otherwise D Somehow 46 A connected B trained C recommended D interested 47 A pleasure B benefit C burden D disappointment 48 A slightlyB hardlyC merelyD really 49 A outB downC upD in 50 A aspectsB weaknessesC advantagesD exceptions 51 A hiddenB lostC relaxedD deserted 52 A trappedB excitcdC confusedD amused 53 A turnB submitC objectD reply 54 A varyB ariseC spreadD exist 55 A beyondB withinC despiteD without 考点 科技类 议论文 文章大意 在现代社会中 由于数码技术的发展 我们独处的概念几乎不复存在 尽管人 们对现代技术的发展持有不同的看法 但是技术的进步 我们的生活会完全不同 让我们尽 情的享受生活 36 答案 C 考点 动词义辨析 试题解析 根据第一句话 The concept of solitude 独处 in the digital world is almost non existent 在数码时代里 独处的概念几乎是不存在的 可知 此处表示信息 是被共享的 故选C项 难度 一般 37 答案 C 考点 连词词义辨析 试题解析 根据上下无奈语境 一旦被放弃孤独是很难发现的 once意为 一旦 符合 语境 though意为 尽管 until意为 直到 before意为 在 之前 都不符合题意 难度 一般 38 答案 B 考点 动词词义辨析 10 试题解析 根据上下文 句意 在这方面 新技术塑造着我们的未来 respect意为 尊 重 shape意为 塑造 使成形 ignore意为 忽视 preserve意为 保护 根据语境 可知 应选B项 难度 一般 39 答案 C 考点 动词词义辨析 试题解析 根据本句中的connect 连接 可知 此处表示终止孤独 end意为 结束 终 止 符合语境 难度 一般 40 答案 D 考点 形容词词义辨析 试题解析 根据后半句 and connections that one can often be contacted 41 they d rather not be 人们能够经常被联系 可知 在网络连接世界中 人们已经变得如 此地可达到 reachable意为 可达到的 可获得的 符合语境 难度 一般 41 答案 A 考点 连词词义辨析 试题解析 根据上下文 可推知 在网络连接世界中 人们已经变得如此地可达到以致 即使不愿意被联系 也可能经常被联系 根据语境可知 应选A项 even if意为 即使 only if意为 只要 as if意为 似乎 if only意为 要是 该多好 难度 一般 42 答案 B 考点 名词词义辨析 试题解析 根据上文中的network可知 交谈 发短信 法电子邮件等等应与电脑有关 故选B项 难度 一般 43 答案 D 考点 动词词义辨析 试题解析 根据后半句 they ve grown accustomed to it 可知 许多发达国家已经 依赖于数码技术 dependent on 意为 依靠的 符合语境 bent on 意为 决心的 hard on 意为 严厉的 keen on 意为 爱好 喜欢 难度 一般 44 答案 B 考点 动词词义辨析 试题解析 根据前半句 Most developed nations have become 43 on digital technology simply because they ve grown accustomed to it 可知 此处意为 不使 用它会让他们成为局外人 故选B项 难度 一般 45 答案 A 考点 副词词义辨析 试题解析 此处表示进一步陈述人们与新技术的联系 故选A项 11 难度 一般 46 答案 A 考点 动词词义辨析 试题解析 许多工作和职业需要人们被联系 根据上下文多次提到connect和contact可知 应选A项 难度 一般 47 答案 C 考点 名词词义辨析 试题解析 根据后半句 may not want to be able to be contacted at all times 可 知 经常被联系是一种负担 A项意为 愉悦 benefit意为 利益 disappointment意为 失望 均与语境不符 故选C项 难度 一般 48 答案 D 考点 副词词义辨析 试题解析 独处对于真正想要独处的人来说仍然是可能的 slightly意为 稍微 hardly意为 几乎不 merely意为 仅仅 really意为 真正地 really符合语境 难度 一般 49 答案 B 考点 动词短语词义辨析 试题解析 根据后半句中的 turn off 可知 此处应为意义一致的短语 shut down意 为 关闭 符合语境 shut out意为 关在外面 遮住 shut up意为 住口 shut in 意为 关进 难度 一般 50 答案 C 考点 动词词义辨析 试题解析 根据disadvantages可知这句的句意 除了劣势之外 还有很多优势 故选C 项 难度 一般 51 答案 B 考点 形容词词义辨析 试题解析 根据后半句 mobile phones have saved countless lives 可知此处指旅 游者在山上迷路了 故选B项 难度 一般 52 答案 A 考点 形容词词义辨析 试题解析 根据本句中的 force和unwanted 可知 手机还使人们人感到困窘 trapped 被迫回答不必要的电话或者回复不必要的短信 excited意为 兴奋的 confused意为 混乱的 困惑的 糊涂的 amused意为 愉快的 难度 一般 53 答案 D 考点 动词短语词义辨析 试题解析 根据上一题的解析可知 此处为回复短信 turn to意为 转向 求助于 12 submit to意为 提交 服从 object to意为 反对 均与语境不符 故选D项 难度 一般 54 答案 A 考点 动词词义辨析 试题解析 根据下文 说到人们对现在的技术的态度可知 态度在不同时代有所变化 vary意为 变化 改变 符合语境 arise意为 出现 spread意为 传播 exist意为 存在 难度 一般 55 答案 D 考点 介词词义辨析 试题解析 根据上下文 句意 如果没有每日的技术进步 难以想象生活会是什么样 根 据本句宾语从句中所用的虚拟语气可知 应选without 意为 没有 beyond意为 超过 超越 within意为 在 之内 despite意为 尽管 难度 一般 长难句分析 1 The desire to be connected has brought solitude to a n 39 as we ve known it 本句是 as 引导的原因状语从句 主句中的主语 to be connected 动词不定式修饰 the desire 为后置定语 2 People have become so 40 in the world of networks and connections that one can often be contacted 41 they d rather not be 在网络连接世界中 人们已经变得如此地可达到以致即使不愿意被联系 也可能经常被联系 So that 引导的结果状语从句 3 Being reachable might feel like a 47 to those who may not want to be able to be contacted at all times 动名词做主语 后面 who may not want to be able to be contacted at all times 是 those 的后置定语从句 4 I suppose the positive side is that solitude is still possible for anyone who 48 wants it Suppose 的宾语从句 在宾语从句中 that 引导的表语从句 5 Regardless of anyone s view on the subject it s hard to imagine what life would be like 55 daily advancements in technology 尽管在这个问题观点不同 如果 没有每日的技术进步 难以想象生活会是什么样 Regardless of 引导的让步状语从句 后 面主句中是 imagine 的宾语从句 what 为连词 第三部分 阅读理解 共 20 小题 每小题 2 分 满分 40 分 阅读下列短文 从每题所给的四个选项 A B C D 中 选出最佳选项 并在答题 卡上将该项涂黑 A 13 WhatWhat WouldWould YouYou WantWant MostMost onon a a DesertDesert Island Island This month s survey shows people worldwide have a natural understanding of what they would need most if left alone on a desert island Another person And one they know well Respondents in all 16 countries surveyed said their spouse 调 查对象 or partner would be their first choice to have with them Perhaps this makes sense An MP3 player can t help you find drinking water your dog can t help you start a fire and who knows if George Clooney or Penelope Cruz has taken courses in wilderness survival training Let s just hope the SOS sign you two build gets spotted sooner rather than later My husband of course George Clooney wouldn t think I m as pretty as my husband does Roseane 42 Brazil My MP3 player I would not want my loved ones including my pet to be left alone like this Co Co 28 China My partner should be there to listen to me complain about the fact that we are left alone on an island probably due to some error he made Julia 25 Jordan 56 According to the survey people left alone on a desert island would most want their A MP3 player B dog C spouse partner D celebrity 57 Which of the following is tree about George Clooney A He has been trained in wilderness survival B He may not be able to help you survive C He does not think Roseane is beautiful D He is the choice of most South African women 58 The survey results are analyzed in terms of the respondents A sex age and nationality B race nationality and sex C marriage age and raceD age sex and marriage 考点 调查报告类 14 文章大意 本文是一篇调查报告 调查了关于 如果你一个人独自留在一个孤岛上 你最 需要什么 的这个话题 你们想知道这个结果是什么吗 56 答案 C 试题解析 细节理解题 根据第一段第三句 Respondents in all 16 countries surveyed said their spouse or partner would be their first choice to have with them 可知 应选C项 难度 一般 57 答案 B 试题解析 细节理解题 根据第一段第四句中 and who knows if George Clooney or Penelope Cruz has taken courses in wilderness survival training 可推知此处表示 谁知道乔治 克鲁尼和佩内洛普 克鲁兹是否参加了野外逃生训练 即他们或许不能帮 助逃生 故B项正确 难度 一般 58 答案 A 试题解析 推理判断题 根据四个大标题 Spouse Partner Clooney Cruz MP3 Player 和 Dog 下的段落中关键词 the South African women the Indian women Russian men the Mexian men older than 45 等都可看出是从性别 国籍 年龄这三个 方面来调查的 故A项正确 难度 一般 长难句解析 1 This month s survey shows people worldwide have a natural understanding of what they would need most if left alone on a desert island Show 的宾语从句 从句中含有 of 的宾语从句 连词是 what 2 My partner should be there to listen to me complain about the fact that we are left alone on an island that 引导的同位语从句 修饰 the fact B B Deputy Agriculture Secretary Kathleen Merrigan sees an epidemic 流行病 sweeping across Americas farmland It has little to do with the usual challenges such as flood rising fuel prices and crop eating insects The country s fanners are getting older and there are fewer people standing in line to take their place National agricultural census 普查 figures show that the fastest growing group of fanners is the part over 65 Merrigan is afraid the average age will be even higher when the 2012 statistics are completed Merrigan a former college professor is making stops at universities across the country in hopes of encouraging more students