2012届高考英语二轮专题总复习 阅读能力培养精品系列（十七）

用心 爱心 专心 1 20122012 届高考英语二轮专题总复习阅读能力培养精品系列 十七 届高考英语二轮专题总复习阅读能力培养精品系列 十七 完形填空 In his youth Darwin was an average student 1 he was a big reader He also was an eager 2 especially of beetles and butterflies He once carried two beetles one in each hand and then saw a 3 so interesting that he decided to put it in his mouth 4 it came time for higher education Darwin went to Edinburgh in Scotland to study medicine But he soon found that he couldn t 5 the sight of blood So he left and went to school at the University of Cambridge in England 6 He was preparing to become a minister a profession in which blood shouldn t be a n 7 His heart was not in 8 though He spent his time at Cambridge collecting 9 bugs and talking about science with people like the geologist Adam Sedgwick and the botanist John Stevens Henslow Henslow saw that Darwin could be a 10 and helped him get the chance to go on a long sea 11 of exploration on a ship called the Beagle 12 that ship s five year trip around the world Darwin observed many 13 of life and various geological formations and fossils in South America and islands in the Pacific Ocean 14 the time the voyage ended in 1836 Darwin knew more about life than anybody else During this trip Darwin sent 15 back to England So he was well known as a scientist when he 16 But 17 becoming a professor Darwin moved to the 18 For some reason he was almost always 19 with a stomach disorder Doctors couldn t help him Even today experts 20 what disease he might have had So he lived an isolated life with his wife and family He did experiments studied plants and animals read books and wrote papers in the comfort of his country home 1 A And B So C Or D But 2 A collector B learner C instructor D farmer 3 A larger B third C beetle D second 4 A Before B Although C When D Until 5 A meet B like C catch D stand 6 A yet B instead C too D soon 7 A sight B operation C problem D necessary 8 A religion B study C research D science 9 A fewer B more C rarer D bigger 10 A scientist B minister C geologist D learner 11 A discoveries B voyage C fishing D passage 12 A Before B After C Until D During 13 A forms B sizes C heights D years 14 A In B After C By D During 15 A reports B application C news D bugs 16 A started out B came back C passed away D sailed out 用心 爱心 专心 2 17 A fond of B content with C rather than D sticking to 18 A city B university C office D countryside 19 A disturbed B content C concerned D curious 20 A know about B argue about C find out D care about 阅读理解 A There are two types of people in the world Although they have equal degree of health and wealth and other comforts of life one becomes happy and the other becomes unhappy This arises from the different ways in which they consider things persons events and the resulting effects upon their minds People who are to be happy fix their attention on the convenience of things the pleasant parts of conversation the well prepared dishes the goodness of the wine and the fine weather They enjoy all the cheerful things Those who are to be unhappy think and speak only of the opposite things Therefore they are continually dissatisfied By their remarks they sour the pleasure of society offend hurt many people and make themselves disagreeable everywhere If this turn of mind was founded in nature such unhappy persons would be the more to be pitied The intention of criticizing 批 评 and being disliked is perhaps taken up by imitation 模仿 It grows into a habit unknown to its possessors The habit may be strong but it may be cured when those who have it realize its bad effects on their interests and tastes I hope this little warning may be of service to them and help them change this habit Although in fact it is chiefly an act of the imagination it has serious results in life since it brings on deep sorrow and bad luck Those people offend many others nobody loves them and no one treats them with more than the most common politeness and respect This frequently puts them in bad temper and draws them into arguments If they aim at getting some advantages in social position or fortune nobody wishes them success Nor will anyone start a step or speak a word to favor their hopes If they bring on themselves public objections no one will defend or excuse them and many will join to criticize their wrongdoings These should change this bad habit and be pleased with what is pleasing without worrying needlessly about themselves and others If they do not change this bad habit it will be good for others to avoid any contact 接触 with them Otherwise it can be disagreeable and sometimes very inconvenient especially when one becomes mixed up in their quarrels 1 People who are unhappy A always consider things differently from others B usually are affected by the results of certain things C usually misunderstand what others think or say D always discover the unpleasant side of certain things 2 The underlined phrase sour the pleasure of society in the second paragraph most nearly means A have a good taste with social life 用心 爱心 专心 3 B make others unhappy C tend to scold others openly D enjoy the pleasure of life 3 We can conclude from the passage that A we should pity all such unhappy people B such unhappy people are dangerous to social life C people can get rid of the habit of unhappiness D unhappy people can not understand happy persons 4 If such unhappy persons insist on keeping the habit the author suggests that people should A prevent any communication with them B show no respect and politeness to them C persuade them to recognize the bad effects D quarrel with them until they realize the mistakes 5 In this passage the writer mainly A describes two types of people B laughs at the unhappy people C suggests the unhappy people should get rid of the habits of unhappiness D tells people how to be happy in life B Climate change will force exhausted birds migrating to Europe from Africa to travel further with possibly disastrous consequences according to a study The annual voyage of some species which fly north in search of food and suitable habitats could increase by as much as 400 kilometers 250miles the research found Marathon migrations for some birds are set to become even longer said Stephen Willis a professor at Durham University in Britain and the main architect of the study This is bad news for birds like the Whitethroat a common farmland bird The added distance is a considerable threat As temperatures rise and habitats change birds will face their biggest challenge since the Pleistocene era 更新世 始于距今 180 万年 which ended 11 000 years ago he said in a statement Some 500 million birds migrate each year from Africa some weighing as little as nine grams three tenths of an ounce To complete a voyage that can be thousands of kilometers long birds have to fatten themselves up to twice their normal weight Some even shrink their internal organs 收缩内脏 to become more fuel efficient so any additional distance may be dangerous The study finds that from 2071 to 2100 nine out of 17 species examined are going to face longer migrations particularly birds that cross the Sahara Desert Some birds traverse the Sahara and the Mediterranean Sea in a one go while others have a break in northern Africa before crossing Many fly at night when temperatures are cooler A few such as the Blackcap have started to adapt by spending winters in Britain but such behaviour remains exceptional the study said The study forecasts that the migration distance of the Orphean Warbler will jump from 用心 爱心 专心 4 2 700 kilometers 1 700 miles to between 3 050 and 3 350 kilometers 1 900 and 2 100miles with even longer increases for the Subalpine and Barred Warblers 6 What does travelling extra distance mean for some migrating birds A Better living conditions B Better physical health C Stronger ability to fly D Bigger threat to life 7 To complete the marathon migrations some birds have to do the following except A have a break in Sahara B put on more weight C reduce the size of internal organs D fly at night to avoid the heat 8 What does the underlined word traverse in the fourth paragraph mean A Examine B Face C Cross D Challenge 9 What can we infer from the text A Birds have to migrate from Africa to Europe in winter B Global warming is bad for all birds worldwide C Birds that are of small size don t need to migrate D Some birds have to migrate unless they adapt to climate change 10 What s the BEST title of the text A Climate change leads to disastrous consequence B The annual voyage of some species C How birds migrate for longer distances D Climate change pushes birds to migrate farther 参考答案 1 解析 选 D 由上下文可知 前后为转折关系 他是一个普通的学生 却是一个读书广泛 的人 2 解析 选 A 联系空后的 especially of beetles and butterflies 及括号内介绍他 的故事可知 他喜欢收集生物 3 解析 选 B 联系上文 carried two beetles 可知 4 解析 选 C 联系后文 Darwin went to Edinburgh in Scotland to study medicine 及空后的 for higher education 可知 当他需要更高的教育的时候 5 解析 选 D 联系空后 the sight of blood 以及下文的 a profession in which blood shouldn t be a n 7 可知 他害怕血 不能忍受看到血 6 解析 选 B instead 在这里表示转折 由文意可知 他离开了这里到了英国剑桥大学 7 解析 选 C 句意为 他打算成为一名牧师 做了牧师后 血就不再是一个困扰他的问题 了 8 解析 选 A 句意为 他原打算要成为一名牧师 但是 他的心也不在宗教上 9 解析 选 B collecting more bugs 与后面的 talking about science 为顺接关系 因 此可知 他对收集更多的动物和谈论科学感兴趣 10 解析 选 A 联系后文可知 Henslow 帮助他进行环绕全球的航海是想帮助他收集更多 的生物标本 因此他觉得达尔文能成为一名科学家 11 解析 选 B 联系下文 ship s five year trip around the world 可知 他去航海 12 解析 选 D 后文介绍的是他在五年的航海期间所做的事情 因此选 during 用心 爱心 专心 5 13 解析 选 A 联系空后 and various geological formations and fossils 可知 他 观察了多种生物形式 14 解析 选 C 联系空后的内容可知 等到航海结束的时候 他比任何人对生物都知道得 多 15 解析 选 A 句意为 航海期间他不断把自己的研究报告发给英国 16 解析 选 B 后文讲述的是他回到英国后发生的事情 因此选 cam