高一英语名词性从句复习.ppt

名词性从句 OURTOPICS 一 名词性从句的语序二 名词性从句连接词的选用三 宾语从句的时态呼应四 同位语从句的引导和辨别五 It的用法 形式主语 Practicetime 单句改错 1 Thattheearthturnsaroundthesunareknowntoall 2 Whenthemeetingwillbeheldhaven tbeenknownyet 3 Ididn tknowthatyouwillcome 4 Hesaidthatheiswritingastory 5 Couldyoutellmewhenwillhearrive 6 YoucanbegintoseewhydoesEnglishhavesuchstrangerules is hasn t would was hewill Englishhas 在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词从句 NounClauses 名词从句的功能相当于名词词组 它在复合句中能担任主语 宾语 表语 同位语 介词宾语等 因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能 名词从句又可分别称为主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句和同位语从句 名词从句 他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜 Howwashesuccessfulisstillapuzzle Howhewassuccessfulisstillapuzzle 你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗 Couldyoutellmewherehelives Couldyoutellmewheredoeshelive F T T F 名词性从句考点归纳 一 名词性从句的语序 陈述语序 二 名词性从句连接词的选用 1 that和what的选用 that what 1 hewantsisabook 2 hewantstogothereisobvious 3 Theresultis wewonthegame 4 Thisis wewanttoknow 5 Is hetoldustrue 6 Weshouldpayattentionto theteacherissaying 7 Ihavenodoubt hewillcome 8 Ihavenoidea hedidthatafternoon What That that what what what that what ThattheyaregoodatEnglishisknowntousall Theproblemisthatwedon thaveenoughmoneySheexpressedthehopethattheywouldcometoChinaoneday 1 主语从句 表语从句 同位语从句中用that但不能省略 2 that不能省略的情况 2 It做形式宾语的宾语从句 Idon tthinkitnecessarythatyoushouldreadEnglishloudly 3 并列宾语从句中 从第二个宾语从句开始都不可省略Hetoldme that hisfatherhaddiedandthathehadtomakealivingalone 4 当that前有插入语时Tomdidn tknow I msure thathissisterwasgoingtoJapan 6 当that作介词宾语时 that不可省掉 Thereasonliesinthatsheworksharderthantheothersdo that that 1 Idon tthink sheiscoming 2 Itisapity hehasmadesuchamistake 3 Thereasonis heiscareless 4 Thenews ourteamwonthematchinspiredus 5 Idon tthinkitnecessary youshouldreadEnglishaloud 6 Hetoldme hisfatherhaddiedand hehadtomakealivingalone that that that that that that that 在下列情况下 只能用whether 1 whether引导主语从句 包括从句在句首的位置 不用if 如 Whetheritistrueremainsaproblem Whetherhewillcome Iamnotsure 2 引导表语从句用whether 不用if 如 Thequestioniswhetheryoushouldacceptit 3 引导同位语从句用whether 不用if 如 Thequestionwhetherhe llattendthemeetingisimportant 4 whether可以引导从句作介词的宾语 而if则不能 如 I mnotinterestedinwhetherthey llgoornot Itdependsonwhetherwehavegotenoughmoney 3 whether与if的辨用 7 用if会引起歧义时 Pleaseletmeknowifyoulikeit 5 whether可以直接跟动词不定式连用 而if则不能 如 Ididn tknowwhethertolaughortocry Shehasn tdecidedwhethertogoornot 6 whetherornot连在一起引导宾语从句时不用ifIdon tknowwhetheritisrightornot 动词之后的宾语从句可用if或者whether Practicetime if whether1 Iaskedher shehadabike 2 wewillholdapartyintheopenairmorrowdependsontheweather 3 We reworriedabout heissafe 4 Idon tknow heiswellornot 5 Idon tknow ornotheiswell 6 Thequestionis heshoulddoit 7 Thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion theoldmanwillrecoversoon 8 Idon tknow togo 9 youarenotfreetomorrow I llgowithoutyou if whether Whether whether whether if whether whether whether whether If 4 其它连接代词和副词 主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义 正确的选择who which when where why how等连接词 这些连接词既具有疑问含义 又起连接作用 同时在从句中充当各种成分 我们何时举行运动会还没有决定 weshallholdoursportsmeetingisnotdecided 我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃 Idon tknow broketheglassyesterday 我不知道他长的什么样子 Ihavenoidea helookslike 这就是我忘记眼镜的地方 Thisis Ileftmyglasses When who what where 三 宾语从句的时态呼应 主句现在时或将来时 从句可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态 a 他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的 Hebelieves b 请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么 Pleasetellme hisdreamwillcometruesomeday whatyouweredoingatthistimeyesterday 2 主句过去时 从句用过去的某种时态 但从句表达的是客观事实 真理 自然规律等时 从句谓语通常用一般现在时 他告诉我他正在为考试做准备 Hetoldme 他说他已离开家乡十年了 Hetoldme 老师告诉我们光是沿直线运行的 Theteachertellus hewaspreparingfortheexamination hehadbeenawayfromhishometownfortenyears lighttravelsinastraightline 四 同位语从句的引导和辨别 1 同位语从句的格式 n 连接词 从句2 能接同位语从句的名词有 fact idea news information order belief suggestion advice等3 连接词通常是that 也可根据含义选用whether what when where等来引导同位语从句 1 Ihavenoidea hecomesfrom 2 Hecan tanswerthequestion hegotthemoney 3 Hegaveusmanysuggestions weshouldgetupearlierandtakemoreexercise 4 Ihavenodoubt hewillwin 5 Ihavesomedoubt hewillwin that whether where how where how that that whether 4 同位语从句和定语从句的区别 1 Weexpressedthehopethattheyhadexpressed 2 WeexpressedthehopethattheywouldcometoChinaagain 1 Theinformationhasbeenannouncedthatmoremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversity 2 Theinformationthatheannouncedatthemeetingisofgreatvalue 同位语从句 定语从句 定 同 同 定 It做形式主语 A Itisclear certain likely true surprisingthat B Itisapity shame goodidea nowonderthat C Itissaid reported believed known thought suggestedthat D Itseems happensthat IthappenedthatIwentoutlastnight ItissaidthatChinawillwinintheWorldCup 五 It的用法 形式主语 Thankyou Practicetime Theend 名词性从句中的虚拟语气 1 Itisimportant necessary natural strangethat should vItisapity ashame suggested insisted ordered 在suggestion proposal plan idea order decision的表语从句中 should v宾语从句中的虚拟 Wishthat 表示坚持 建议 命令 要求的从句 名词性从句中的虚拟语气 2 ItistimethatWouldrather 名词demand suggestion proposal advice等词后的同位语从句的语气要用虚拟语气 结构为should do should可省略 1 HegavemeasuggestionthatI should becalmnow 2 Thesuggestionthattheplan should bedelayedwillbediscussedtomorrow 5 名词从句与定语从句的一些对应关系 1 Hehasdonewhathecantohelpme Hehasdone hecantohelpme WhatIwanttosayhasnothingtodowithit Iwanttosayhasnothingtodowithit allthat Allthat 3 Whoeverbreaksthelawistobepunished breaksthelawistobepunished 4 Hewillgivethedictionarytowhoeverneedsifmost Hewillgivethedictionaryto needsitmost 5 We llrememberwhomeverweturnedtoforhelp We llremember weturnedtoforhelp 6 Theywilldowhateverhewantsthemtodo Theywilldo hewantsthemtodo 7 I llreadwhicheverbookyougiveme I llread ofthebooks yougiveme Anyonewho anyonewho Anyone whom anythingthat any that 名词性从句中主句和从句的主谓一致 语