初中代词专题知识点讲解和练习

代词代词 人称代词 主格 宾格人称代词 主格 宾格 物主代词 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词物主代词 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 反身代词反身代词 代词代词 指示代词指示代词 不定代词不定代词 疑问代词疑问代词 相互代词相互代词 each other one another 1 人称代词 主格 宾格 第一人称 单数 I me 我 复数 we us 我们 第二人称 单数 you you 你 2 第三人称 单数 he she it him her it 3 复数 they them 他们 第一人称单数代词 I 我 无论在什么地方出现都要大写 人称代词的排列顺序 二 三 一 单数 一 二 三 复数 eg you he and I 你 他 我 we you and they 我们 你们 他们 人称代词作主语时 要用其 主格 eg they are nurses she is a barber 动词后用宾格 eg I help him and he helps me 2 介词后用宾格 eg Jim takes good care of me Ex 1 Miss Zhang teaches math B A we B us C our D ours 2 like playing soccer with C A Them me B They I C They me D Them I 3 Tom is a new student knew none of A A He us B He we C Him us D His we 4 You can sit between B A he and I B him and me C me and him 5 all come here early C A Them B She C We D Us 1 am a student Jim is my brother is a student too Both of like English 2 Mary is an English teaches us English 3 His mother asked to look after his sister 4 are students So must study hard 我们 5 Can you look after 他们 6 My father is very kind likes talking to 我们 7 Do you know where Lucy and Lily are 我 can t find 他们 8 am here Can you see 我 9 Does 她 like 它 10 他 plays basketball better than 我 二 物主代词 的 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 第一人称 单数 my mine 我的 复数 our ours 我们的 第二人称 单数 your yours 你的 复数 your yours 你们的 第三人称 单数 his her its his hers its 他的 复数 their theirs 他们的 用法 形容词性物主代词 名词 名词性物主代词相当于名词 可作主语 表语和宾语 Eg This is my book This book is mine That is your pen mine is in my bag this is Lucy s coat yours is different from hers 1 room is better than C A They us B Their our C Their ours 2 Is this sister No She is sister A A your his B your mine C his mine 3 She is English teacher She teaches well B A our ours B our us C their they 4 Must go to office now A A we his B he you C they yours 5 You must bring notebook to the school B A you B your C yours 6 The red bag is is white A A his Mine B him My C mine Him 7 Can use bike B A I you B I your C me your 三 反身代词 自己 第一人称 单数 myself 我自己 复数 ourselves 我们自己 第二人称 单数 yourself 你自己 复数 yourselves 你们自己 第三人称 单数 himself herself itself 他自己 复数 themselves 他们自己 用法 与主语的人称一致 Eg I can teach myself English We enjoyed ourselves 常用词组 1 Help oneself to sth 请自便 别客气 You can help yourselves to the cake children 2 enjoy oneself 玩得开心 have a good time 3 teach oneself sth learn sth by oneself 自学 We can teach ourselves English We can learn English by ourselves 4 look after oneself 照顾自己 5 leave one by oneself 把某人单独留下 She can t leave Tom by himself 6 by oneself 靠自己 7 dress oneself 自己穿衣服 8 say to oneself 自言自语 9 lose oneself in 沉迷于 e to oneself 苏醒 11 be not oneself 不舒 12 kill oneself 自杀 13 introduce oneself 自我介绍 14 behave oneself 规矩 15 absent oneself 缺课 缺勤 16 devote oneself to 专心 于 17 apply oneself to 专心致志 18 adapt oneself to 适应于 19 Dress oneself 自己穿衣服 Ex 1 Lucy can you do it by 2 My mother said she could look after 3 We must finish it by 4 They came to see the house yesterday 5 Lilei can dress and wash 6 My parents enjoy every day 7 Did he hurt 8 You can pick the apple by John 9 Miss Liu taught Japanese 10 The twins correct the mistakes by 11 Who teaches English He teaches A himself himself B him himself C his himself 四 指示代词 1 指示代词的形式 单数 this that 复数 these those 如 This is my watch That is his watch These are my books Those are his books 2 打电话时 常用 that 询问对方是 谁 用 this 介绍自己 如 Hello Is that Lucy Hello this is Lucy 五 疑问代词 指人 who whom whose which 指物 what which 指时间 when 指地点 where 疑问副词 指方式 how 疑问副词 Eg Who are you talking to Whose book is this Where have you been 六 不定代词 1 常见的不定代词有 some any one each every no none all both either neither many much a few a little other another the other 等 2 形容词修饰 something anything nothing somebody anybody nobody everything everyone everybody 等不定代词时 放在后面 如 Is there anything important in today s newspaper There is nothing wrong with your bike it 的用法 1 指时间 天气或距离等 如 It s eight o clock now It s time for class It s getting hotter and hotter It s five miles from my home to school 2 指谈话双方都知道的或都不知道的人或事 如 Who is knocking at the door It must be Lilei He said he would come tonight Who is it It s me 3 做形式主语或形式宾语 如 It s very important to study English well We found it hard to finish the work on time 1 adj 修饰不定代词时 形容词要放在不定 代词的后面 eg something different nothing interesting 2 many 可数名词 eg many books pens people much 不可数名词 eg much water money milk 3 all 是在三者或三者以上 eg Lily Lucy and I are all students We all stand here 当表示两者都用 both eg Lily and Lucy are both clever My sister and I both go to school 4 little 和 a little few 和 a few a little 不可数名词 一点点 肯定 little 不可数名词 几乎没有 否定 eg There is meat in the fridge Let s go and get some I am very thirsty Luckily there is tea in the teapot I have learned English for one year I can speak now 5 every 和 each 后都可以接单数可数名词 eg every each teacher 但 each 则是指两者或两者以上中的每一个 且 可用于 each of 结构 every 表示三个或三个以上中的每一个 且不可以用 of 结构 eg Every boy has a bike Each boy has a bike Each of the boys has a bike eg on side of the street 6 some 用于肯定句 any 用于否定句和疑问句 eg There is some water in the cup but not any milk Is there any news today 但在疑问句中 当说话者希望对方做肯定回答时 要用 some 而不是 any eg May I have some paper please Sure Here you are 7 either 任意一个 两个中选一个 eg Would you like tea or coffee Either is ok I don t mind 构成 either or 词组 或者 或者 Either you or your brother is here Either your brother or you are here Either you or your brother works here Either your brother or you here neither 两个中 一个都没有 Would you like some tea or coffee Neither I like orange juice neither nor 既不 也不 Neither you nor your brother is in Row 3 Neither your brother nor you are in Row 3 Neither he nor his sisters have a car Neither his sisters nor he a car 8 another 另一个 单数可数名词 other 另外的 其余的 复数名词 泛指 the other 另外的 其余的 复数名词 特指 others 另外的 人或物 泛指 the others 另外的 人或物 特制 此外 固定词组 one the other 一个 另一个 eg Of the two boys one is my brother is his brother Of the three teachers one is from America two are from England Would you like cup of tea 1 Is this your dictionary B No is in my bag A hers B mine C yours 2 We have to be quick The train A starts at 10 35 Don t worry There is time to go A a little B few C little D any 3 We ve got two TV sets but works well D A any B both C either D neither 4 How many of these books have you read of them every one A Many B Some C All D None 5 Did your parents go to the film yesterday evening No we stayed at home watching TV A both B all C either D none 6 Boys and girls Please help to some apples A you B yourself C yourselves 4 My parents teachers B They work hard A are all B are both C both are 5 Listen I have to tell you B A important something B something important C anything important D nothing important 6 I have two friends One is a farmer is a teacher B A another B other C the other 7 You look thirsty Would you like to water A any B some C a few 8 Look There are so students in the field A much B little C many 9 There are some trees on sides of the road A both B either C neither 10 The boy is looking for mother A her B he C his 11 Is there in the room No is in A anybody nobody B anybody everybody C somebody anybody 12 do you have for lunch A Which B Where C What 13 Terry enjoyed very much A he B him C himself 14 The man is Chinese teacher A Tom and Tim B Tom s and Tim s C Tom and Tim s 二 None nothing nobody no one 的区别 1 None 既可指人也可指物 且表特指概念 常回答 how many how much 引导 的疑问句 nothing 只能指物 且表泛指概念 常用来回答 what 引导的疑问句 如 How much money do you have None What are you doing now nothing v 2 none 常与前面的 some any every 名词 连用 nothing 常与前面的 something anything everything 连用 no one 常与前面的 someone somebody everyone everyone anyone anybody 连用 If I had some money I would lend him some but unfortunately I have none 3 none 后面跟 of 短语 而 something anything everything nothing 和 someone anyone everyone no one 却不能 As we were asleep none of us heard the sound 4 any 和 every 的区别 any 名词表示 三个或三个以上中的 任何一个 即 这个或那儿或哪个 every 名词 表示 三个或三个以上中的 每一个 即这个和那个和 哪个 Not any 表示全部否定 而 not every 名词 表示部分否定 5 each every 的区别 each 强调 个体 可作代词和限定词 指 两个或两个以上中的每一个 Every 强调 全体 只能作定语 指 三个或三个以上中的每一个 Each 作为同位语时 不影响谓语动词的形式 不可用 not each 表示部分否定 Each of my children goes to a different school Each of the tickets costs 10dollars the tickets cost 10dollars each the tickests each cost 10 dollars each 作同位语 Every man is not honest not every man is honest 6 全部否定或部分否定 All bo