江西省2012届高三英语二轮专项训练 阅读理解（53）

用心 爱心 专心1 江西省江西省 20122012 届高三英语二轮专项训练 阅读理解 届高三英语二轮专项训练 阅读理解 5353 阅读下列短文 从每题所给的四个选项 A B C 和 D 中 选出最佳选项 并在答题卡上 将该项涂黑 A Can people change their skin color without suffering like pop king Michael Jackson Perhaps yes Scientists have found the gene that determines skin color The gene comes in two versions one of which is found in 99 per cent of Europeans The other is found in 93 t0 100 per cent of Africans researchers at Pennsylvania State University report in the latest issue of Science Scientists have changed the color of a dark striped zebrafish 斑马鱼 to uniform gold by inserting a version of the pigment 色素 gene into a young fish As with humans zebrafish skin color is deter mined by pigment cells which contain melanin 黑色素 The number size and darkness of melanin perpigment cell determine skin color It appears that like the golden zebrafish light skinned Europeans also have a mutation 变异 in the gene for melanin production This results in less pigrnented skin However Keith Cheng leader of the research team points out that the mutation is different in hu man ancl zebrafish genes Humans acquired dark skin in Africa about l 5 million years ago to protect bodies from ultra violetrays of the sun which can cause skin cancer But when modem humans leave Africa to live in northem latitudes they need more sunlight on their skin to produce vitamin D So the related gene changes according to Cheng Asians have the same version of the gene as Africans so they probably acquired their light skin through the action of some other gene that affects skin color said Cheng The new discovery could lead to medical treatments for skin cancer lt also could lead to research in to ways to change skin color without damaging it like chemical treatment did on Michael Jackson 1 Scientists have done an experiment on a dark striped zebrafish in order to A fincl the different genes o humans B prove the humans skin color is determined by the pigment gene C find out the reason why the Africans skin color is dark D fincl out the ways of changing people s skin color 2 lt can be inferred from the passage that A nowadays people who want to change their skin color have to suffer 8 lot 用心 爱心 专心2 from the damage caused by the chemical treatment B Europeans and Africans have the same gene C the new discovery could help to find medical treatments for skin cancer D there are two kinds of genes 3 The passage mainly tells us that A scientists have found out that people s skin color is determined by the gene B the new discovery could lead to research into ways to change skin color safely C pop king Michael Jackson often changed his skin color as he liked D people can not change their skin color without any pain 4 The reason why Europeans are light skinned is probably that A they are bom light skinned people B light skinned Europeans have mutation in the gene for melanin production C they have fewer activities outside D they pay much attention to protecting their skin 5 The writer s attitude towarcls the discovery is A neutralB negativeC indifferentD positive B One Tuesday evening in the beginning of the fall 1996 semester at Shippensburg University sirens 警笛 sounded These sirens were not in celebration they were a cry to the university that something was wrong A house only one block away was on fire Nine of the university s students lived there From the minute the word got out that help was needed it seemed like everyone showed up The victims of the fire were offered endless invitations for housing for the night The very next day everyone got into gear to do their part in helping them Flyers 小传单 were posted with items that were immediatelyneeded just to get these students through this next couple of days Boxes for donations and money jarswere placed in every residence hall 学 生宿舍 As a residence director I went before the students in my hall to ask them to do what they could I knew that college students don t have much but I asked them to clo their best Every little bit will help I really didn t think they could do much l was proved wrong At the hall council meeting the night after the fire my residents decided to have a wing competition where each wing of the building would team up to see 用心 爱心 专心3 who could bring in the most donations l announced that the wing who won would receive a free pizza party Thursday evening we announced over the PA system that we were beginning the wing competition Within minutes the place exploded The single large box that I had placed in the lobby 太厅 was over flowing We quickly grabbed more boxes and we watched in amazement as they too filled to the brim Members of the resident assistant staff and I began t o count the items l was astonished by what I saw andI was inspired by these kids When we came to the final tally 得分 the winners tumed to me and announced that they would like to donate their winnings as well They wanted the victims of the fire to have their pizza party Tears welled up in my eyes I had watched these students jump to action work tirelessly and donateall that they could And then as if that were not enough they handed over their reward l was touchedand so very proud of them 6 The writer mainly wanted to by the story A tell us the suffering of nine of the college students from a fire B praise the college students helping the victims selflessly C tell us how successful the wing competition was D show he was deeply moved by the college students action 7 The phrase get into gear in the second paragraph means A be eagerB take actionC be preparedD start working 8 At first the residence director thought A it was impossible to expect the college students to donate anything B it was easy to collect a lot of donations from the college students C the college students would donate not much D the college students would donate all the items they had 9 The wing competition was held A on Tuesday eveningB on Thursday C on Wednesday eveningD the very next day 10 How did the resi ence director feel when he saw the brimful boxes A Terrible B Funny C Surprised D Serious C The United States is already one year into a depression That was the news this week from the Na tional Bureau of Economic Research The downturn is the longest since a depression that began in 1981and lasted sixteen months Economists generally wait for production to shrink for six months in a row before they declare a re cession But the bureau a private group uses a wider 用心 爱心 专心4 set of information to measure the economy Thenews only confirmed what many people already knew that the world s largest economy is weak and maynot recover soon Worsening conclitions have led to a big drop in spending especially on costly products like new cars Even Japanese automaker Toyota saw its sales fall thirty four percent in the United States in November from a year ago The heads of Chrysler Ford and General Motors retumed to Congress this week to again ask for federal aid Congressional leaders denounced 指责 them two weeks ago after they came in private jets with no clear plans for saving their industry This time the chiefs drove to Washington in fuel saving hybrid vehicles And their companies presented detailed restructuring plans The reguest for aid has risen from twenty five billion dollars two weeks ago to thirty four billion in loans and credit lines G M wants almost half of that and says it needs four billion dollars this month It warned that without support it cannot continue to operate Ford is in a better position But the sharing of suppliers means it could be affected if G M or Chrysler fails Ford is asking for a nine billion dollar credit line in case it needs it Chrysler is the smallest and most trouble of America s Big Three It says it needs a seven billion dollar loan by the end of the month Two days of congressional hearings began Thursday in the Senate Banking Committee The chairman Democrat Chris Dodd said he would support helping the automakers for the good of the economy But the committee s top Republican Richard Shelby continued to express opposition to a bailout 贿政援助 A main root of the world financial crisis is the weak housing market in the United States The Trea sury Department has been under pressure to help troubled homeowners Now comes news that the depart ment is developing a plan aimed at reducing interest rates on mortgage loans 汽车贷款 for some buyers of homes That could be good for homeowners trying to sell 11 From the first two paragraphs we know A the United States is expected to recover soon B the depression has lasted more than 16 months C the depression is much more severe than expected D the depression will last no more than 6 months 12 Why were the automakers refused for federal aid two weeks ago A Because the government had no extra money to help 用心 爱心 专心5 B Because they didn t have a ciear plan to save their industry C Because they had wasted too much on costly new cars D Because they had enough money to save their industry 13 Which of the following is asking for the largest federal aide A G M B Toyota C Chrysler D Ford 14 From the passage we may know Richard Shelby tile automakers request for federal aid A was for B was against C didn t care about D took no notice of 15 Which of the following statement is NOT true according to the passage A The hearings on Thursday agreed on a federal aid to the automakers B The main cause of the crisis is weak housing market in the U S C The government is taking measures to save t he housing market D The Treasury Department had to help the troubled homeowners D In a few years you might be able to speak Chinese Korean Japanese French and English andall at the same time This sounds incredible but Alex Waibel a computer science professor at US s Car negie Mellon University CMU and Germany s University of Karlsruhe announced last week that it may soon be reality He and his team have invented software and hardware that could make it far easier forpeople who speak different languages to understand each other One application called Lecture Translation can easily translate a speech from one language into an other Current translation technologies typically limit speakers to certain topics or a limited vocabulary Us ers also have to be trained how to use the programme Another machine can send translations of a speech to different listeners depending on what languagethey speak It is like having a simultaneous translator right next to you but without disturbing the person next to you Waibel said Prefer to read So called Translation Glasses transcribe 转录 the translations on a tiny liquid crystal display LCD screen Then there s the Muscle Translator Electrodes capture the electrical signals from facial muscle movements made naturally when a person is mouthing words The signals are then translated into speech The electrodes could be replaced with wireless chips implanted in a person s face according to research ers During a demonstration held last Thursday in CMU s Pittsburgh campus a 用心 爱心 专心6 Chinese student named Sang Jun had 11 tiny electrodes attached to the muscles of his cheeks neck and throat Then he mouthed without speaking aloud a few words in Mandarin 普通话 to the audience A few seconds later the phrase was displayed on a computer screen and spoken out by the computer in English and Spanish Let me introduce our new prototype This particular instrument when fully developed might allow anyone to speak in any number of lan guages or as Waibel put it to switch your mouth to a foreign language The idea behind the universi ty s prototypes is to create good enough bridges for cross cultural exchanges that are becoming more common in the world Waibel said With spontaneous 自发的 translators foreign drivers in Germany could listen to traffic warnings on the radio tourists in China could read all the signs and talk with local people leaders of different coun tries could have secret talks without any interpreters there 16 W