高三英语第一轮复习：代词it的用法冀教版

用心 爱心 专心 高三英语高三第一轮复习 代词高三英语高三第一轮复习 代词 it 的用法冀教版的用法冀教版 本讲教育信息本讲教育信息 一 教学内容 代词 it 的用法 二 教学重点 一 it 的用法主要体现在以下几个方面 作为人称代词的 it 先行代词的 it 非人称代词的 it 以及强调句中的 it 和 it 的一些习惯用法 1 it 指代事物 群体 经验 活动等 可以代替一个词 词组或整个句子 以免重复 That wasn t where you had dinner was it If you remember these points it will help you When can we come to visit you Any time you feel like it I love running It keeps me fit it 也可指代婴孩或性别不详的人 Do you hear a baby crying Something must have hurt it Who is making so much noise It must be the children Somebody is knocking at the door I don t know who it is Who is it 未见具体人 不同于 Who is that 见到具体某人 但不相识 2 it 用作非人称代词的主语 表示气候 天气 温度 时间 地点 距离等或虚指的情 境 It s Sunday tomorrow It s five miles to the nearest station from here It was dull when Tom was away It seems that no one would like to help you Had it not been for my illness last week I would have gone with them 3 it 常用作先行代词 代指不定式 可用作形式主语或形式宾语 以 it 作形式主语或形式宾语的动词有 believe consider feel find imagine make regard suppose think 等 It is difficult to learn written Chinese It is of great help to master a foreign language It took me a week to recite the text I find it quite necessary to make some changes He thought it best to be on his guard 代指动名词 可作形式主语或形式宾语 常用在下列句型中 It is no good no use useless 动名词 It is a waste 动名词 代指名词性从句 该结构中的名词性从句可用 that when who 等引导 It happened that they were away She wants to make it clear whether you still love her or not It is not known what caused the accident Has it been found out who is the murderer It is believed known reported said supposed thought that an egg is the equivalent of 用心 爱心 专心 one pound of meat 可转换为 An egg is believed known reported said supposed thought to be the equivalent of one pound of meat 另外类似 take it one s duty to do something 的结构中 think find prove show deem believe consider count feel imagine make regard suppose take 等词后有不定式作宾语 且有补足语时 必须用形式宾语 it 代替不定式 若补足语为动名词或从句 也要用 it 作形式宾语 I think it my duty to help her It is thought my duty I found it very easy to learn the rules It was found very easy We shall leave it to him to settle the matter It is left to him to 4 用于强调句型中 It is was 被强调部分 主语 宾语或状语 that who it 无任何指代关系 也无实义 It was John who that wore his best suit to the dance last night It was in Shanghai that I first met Jack It was because I wanted to buy a dictionary that I went to downtown yesterday 二 研究一下近年来的高考试卷可以发现 含 it 的句型几乎年年考到 可见 it 句型的重 要性和使用的普遍性 现根据其用法特点可归纳为下列几个句型 1 It is 被强调部分 that 该句型是强调句型 将被强调的部分放在前面 其它部分置于 that 之后 被强调部分 可以是主语 宾语 表语或状语 强调的主语如果是人 that 可以由 who 换用 如果把 这种句型结构划掉后 应该是一个完整无缺的句子 这也是判断强调句型与其它从句的方 法 It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made It was they that who cleaned the classroom yesterday It was in the street that I met her father 2 It is not until 被强调部分 that 该句型也是强调句型 主要用于强调时间状语 译成汉语 直到 才 可以说 是 not until 的强调形式 It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star I didn t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses 3 It is clear obvious true possible certain that 该句型中 it 是形式主语 真正的主语是 that 引导的主语从句 常译为 清楚 显然 真的 肯定 是主语从句最常见的一种结构 It is very clear that he s round and tall like a tree That he s round and tall like a tree is very clear 4 It is important necessary right strange natural that 该句型和上一个同属一种句型 由于主句中的形容词不同 that 后的从句中要用虚拟 语气 should 动词原形 should 可以省去 建议记住该句型中的形容词 It is important that we should learn English well It is necessary that he should remember these words 5 It is said reported learned that 该句型中的 it 仍是形式主语 真正主语是 that 引导的主语从句 该结构常译为 据说 用心 爱心 专心 据报道 据悉 It is said that he has come to Beijing It is reported that another man made satellite has been put into orbit 6 It is suggested ordered required that 该句型和上一个同属一种句型 主句中的过去分词是表示请求 建议 命令等词时 that 后的从句要用虚拟语气 should 动词原形 should 可以省 常译为 据建议 有命 令 It is suggested that the meeting should be put off It was ordered that we should arrive there in two hours 7 It is a pity a shame that 该句型中 that 后的从句一般用虚拟语气 should 动词原形 should 可省去 表示 出乎意料 常译为 竟然 没有这种意义时 则不用虚拟语气 It is a pity that such a thing should happen in your class 这种事竟然发生在你们班上 真是遗憾 It is a pity that he is ill 他生病了 真遗憾 8 It is time about time high time that 该句型中 that 后的从句应该用虚拟语气 值得注意的是 常用过去时态表示虚拟 有时也用 should 动词原形 should 不能省 常译为 是 正是 的时候 It is time that children should go to bed It is time that children went to bed 9 It is the first second time that 该句型要和上一个句型区别开来 该句型中的 that 从句不用虚拟语气 而用完成时态 至于用什么完成时态 由主句的谓语动词的时态决定 如果是一般现在时 后面从句用现 在完成时态 如果是一般过去时 后面从句则用过去完成时态 该结构中 that 可以省去 it 有时用 this 替换 常译为 是第一 二 次 It is the first time I have been here This is the first time I have been here 10 It is since 该句型主要用作处理瞬间动词的完成时 又要和表示一段时间的时间状语连用的问题 主句中是时间作表语 其时态是现在时或完成时 since 引导的从句通常是一般过去时态 而且是瞬间动词 如果主句是一般过去时 从句则用过去完成时 It is has been 5 years since his father died 11 It is when 该句型中的 when 引导的是一个时间状语从句 主句中的 it 指时间 表语由具体的 时间充当 常译为 当 的时候 是 It was 5 o clock when he came here 12 It be before 该句型主句中的 it 指时间 主句中的时态常是将来一般时或过去时两种时态 主句中 的表语多是 long not long 3 days 2 weeks 等表示时间段的词或短语 常译为 之 后 It was 3 days before he went to Beijing It will be not long before he finishes his job 13 It happens seems looks appears that 该句型中 it 是形式主语 that 引导的是主语从句 主句中的 happen seem 等词是不及 用心 爱心 专心 物动词 It happened so happened that he met his teacher in the street 碰巧 It seems that he will be back in a few days 看来 14 It takes sb to do sth 该句型中的不定式是真正的主语 it 是形式主语 句型中的直接宾语是时间 常译为 做 要花费某人 It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall 15 It is no good use doing sth 该句型中的真正主语是动名词短语 主句中的表语可以是 no good not any good no use not any use It is no good learning English without speaking English 16 It doesn t matter whether if 该句型中 whether if 引导的从句是真正主语 该句型常译为 不论 是否 没关 系 It doesn t matter if they are old 17 It is kind of sb to do sth 该句型中的不定式短语是真正主语 如果不定式的逻辑主语是由 of 引起 主句中的 形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词 常见的有 bad brave careless clever cruel foolish good honest horrible kind lazy modest naughty nice polite rude silly stupid wise wrong 等 这个句型可以改写为 sb is kind to do sth It is kind of you to say so You are kind to say so 18 It is necessary for sb to do sth 该句型与上一个同属一种句型 如果不定式的逻辑主语是由 for 引起 主句中的形容 词通常是表示重要性 紧迫性 频繁程度 难易 安全等情况的形容词 常见的形容词有 important necessary natural easy safe common normal hard difficult dangerous unusual rare impossible pleasant 等 在 中的形容词作表语可以用从句改写 如 It is important for her to come to the party It is important that she should come to the party 19 It looks seems as if 该句型中 it 无意义 as if 引导一个状语从句 常译为 看起来好像 如果与 事实不相符合 则用虚拟语气 It looks as if he is ill 真的病了 It looks as if he were ill 没有生病 It seemed as if he were dying 20 We think it important to learn a foreign language 该句型中的 it 作形式宾语 为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为 三 6123 结构 6 指主句中常用的动词 think believe make find consider feel 1 指的是形式宾语 it 2 指的是宾补的两种形式 形容词或名词 用心 爱心 专心 3 指的是真正宾语的三种形式 不定式短语 动名词短语或 that 引导的宾语从句 We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day He felt it important learning English well They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days 模拟试题模拟试题 1 What would you like for afternoon tea will do A Something B Everything C Anything D Nothing 2 Either John or Rose was the last to leave the lab yesterday but I m not sure A it B whom C who D that 3 Is there here If not don t stay here alone A anyone B somebody C anyone else D everybody 4 Who told you the news I read it from the newspaper A No one B None C Anyone D Any one 5 I want to see the manager not his secretary A by himself B himself C by myself D itself 6 How many chairs do you still need Ten A more B another C other D the other 7 Take half and give half to your sister A neither eitherB either another C either the other D any the other 8 Correct the mistakes in each line if A so B no C any D some 9 Have you read all the books Yes one A some B every C all D either 10 the weather turned out to be very hot that day A It was said in the newspaper B As was reported on the radio C Just like the weather report said D Which was reported in the newspaper 11 There was a teapot shaped like a China duck out of mouth the tea was supposed to come A which B that C its D whose 12 When will the decision be made to deal with the matter Nothing is going to happen I have looked into it further A no matter B when C until D since 13 You can use my bike you return it before 5 pm A unless B when C as far as D on condition that 14 It was a matter of would take the position A who B whoever C whom D whomever 15 We must finish the project in time difficulties we may meet 用心 爱心 专心 A however B whatever C whichever D no matter how 16 he can t cure his father of his heart disease A A doctor as he is B Doctor though he is C Although he is doctor D Because he is a doctor 17 They stayed with me for three weeks they drank all the wine I had A and during which B which time C during which time D during whose time 18 Do you doubt she can do the work as her own A whether B if C which D that 19 I told to run as fast as could A them one B everyone they C everyone one D us they 20 Did a letter come for me Yes came for you this morning A that B it C one D the letter 21 Mr Chen will manage it all right A In the way or the other B In one way or other C In one way or another D In some way or another 22 League members must be strict with ourselves A Our B All C We D The 23 Your answer is but perfect A something B anything C some D any 24 There is coffee and tea you can have Thanks A either B each C one D it 25 Why is it everyone thinks he s a thief A because B as C when D that 26 was not long before the whole country rose up A There B It C This D That 27 I d like to have a room of A my own B my owns C my own one D myself 28 Her parents went there with a fri