辽宁省营口市2014高考英语 阅读理解、短文填单词类训练题（1）

1 辽宁营口市辽宁营口市 20142014 高考英语阅读理解 短文填单词类训练题 高考英语阅读理解 短文填单词类训练题 1 1 及答 及答 案案 阅读理解 专题训练 二 文章主旨 方法点拨 首尾呼应定主旨 有些文章不仅开篇点题 而且篇末照应 首尾呼应 中心突出 所以 在阅读时 同学们一定要看清并理解文章的开头和结尾 这样有助于把握文章主旨 提高解 题的命中率 活学活用 阅读下列短文 按要求完成读写任务 2010 年广东卷 When something goes wrong it can be very satisfying to say Well it s so and so s fault or I know I m late but it s not my fault the car broke down It is probably not your fault but once you form the habit of blaming somebody or something else for a bad situation you are a loser You have no power and could do nothing that helps change the situation However you can have great power over what happens to you if you stop focusing on whom to blame and start focusing on how to remedy the situation This is the winner s key to success Winners are great at overcoming problems For example if you were late because your car broke down maybe you need to have your car examined more regularly Or you might start to carry along with you the useful phone numbers so you could call for help when in need For another example if your colleague causes you problems on the job for lack of responsibility or ability find ways of dealing with his irresponsibility or inability rather than simply blame the person Ask to work with a different person or don t rely on this person You should accept that the person is not reliable and find creative ways to work successfully regardless of how your colleague fails to do his job well This is what being a winner is all about creatively using your skills and talents so that you are successful no matter what happens Winners don t have fewer problems in their lives they have just as many difficult situations to face as anybody else They are just better at seeing those problems as challenges and opportunities to develop their own talents So stop focusing on whose 2 fault it is Once you are confident about your power over bad situations problems are just stepping stones for success 以约 3030 词概括文章大意 根据短文内容选择最佳答案 1 According to the passage winners A deal with problems rather than blame others B meet with fewer difficulties in their lives C have responsible and able colleagues D blame themselves rather that others 2 The underlined word remedy in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to A avoid B accept C improve D consider 3 When your colleague brings about a problem you should A find a better way to handle the problem B blame him for his lack of responsibility C tell him to find the cause of the problem D ask a more able colleague for help 4 When problems occur winners take them as A excuses for their failures B barriers to greater power C challenges to their colleagues D chances for self development 5 Which of the following is the best title for the passage A A Winner s Secret B A Winner s Problem C A Winner s Opportunity D A Winner s Achievement 3 参考答案参考答案 The text tells us about the secret to success when facing problems that is stop focusing on who is to blame and start focusing on how to remedy the situation 30 words 1 解析 从第一段和最后一段可知答案 答案 A 2 解析 从上下文可知 碰到问题时 应积极应对 改善现状 变不利为有利 所 以选 C 答案 C 3 解析 从第二段可知答案 答案 A 4 解析 从最后一段的 They are just better at seeing those problems as challenges and opportunities to develop their own talents 可知答案 答案 D 5 解析 文章主旨题 第一段的最后一句 This is the winner s key to success 和 最后一段都说明 A 为正确答案 答案 A 结束 The iPhone the iPad each of Apple s products sounds cool and has become a fad 时尚 Apple has cleverly taken advantage of the power of the letter i and many other brands are following suit The BBC s iPlayer which allows Web users to watch TV programs on the Internet adopted the title in 2008 A lovely bear popular in the US and UK that plays music and video is called iTeddy A slimmed down version of London s Independent newspaper was launched last week under the name i In general single letter prefixes have been popular since the 1990s when terms such as e mail and e commerce first came into use 4 Most i products are targeted at young people and considering the major readers of Independent s i it s no surprise that they ve selected this fashionable name But it s hard to see what s so special about the letter i Why not use a b or c instead According to Tony Thorne head of the Language Center at King s College London i works because its meaning has become ambiguous When Apple uses i no one knows whether it means Internet information individual or interactive Thorne told BBC Magazines Even when Apple created the iPod it seems it didn t have one clear definition he says However thanks to Apple the term is now associated with portability adds Thorne Clearly the letter i also agrees with the idea that the Western World is centered on the individual Each person believes they have their own needs and we love personalized products for this reason Along with Google and blog readers of BBC Magazines voted i as one of the top 20 words that have come to define the last decade But as history shows people grow tired of fads From the 1900s to 1990s products with 2000 in their names became fashionable as the year was associated with all things advanced and modern However as we entered the new century the trend inevitably disappeared 60 People use iPlayer to A listen to music B make a call C read newspapers D watch TV programs online 61 We can infer that the Independent s i is aimed at A old readersB young readers C fashionable women D engineers 62 Nowadays the i term often reminds people of the products which are A portable B environmentally friendly C advanced D recyclable 63 The writer suggests that 5 A i products are often of high quality B iTeddy is a live bear C the popularity of i products may not last long D the letter b replace letter i to name the products 结束结束 Read these unusual news articles 1 Tom Smith has been banned from the bedroom by fed up wife Mary She gave him his marching orders after Tom had been hiccupping 打嗝 none for seven days She sent her husband to the spare bedroom 2 A senior Swiss school teacher aged 105 was told to go to school Apparently a computer error had taken a century off his age The former history teacher said I m sure I could still learn something 3 Company managers had to order 15 000 pairs of men s trousers to be returned from shops all over France A woman factory worker had put itching 瘙痒的 powder in them because her husband had left her to live with another woman and she wanted revenge 复仇 The police have not been involved in the case 4 Queen Elizabeth II of England is well known for enjoying doing jigsaw puzzles 拼图游戏 But it seems her pet dogs are also helping her complete the puzzles sometimes the puzzles come back and pieces have been chewed said Pearl Hastings who runs the puzzle lending library Of course I cannot say anything to her She added 5 An English man named Boverall had his final wish realized after he died last week Boverall wanted to leave life with a bang 突然的巨响 so his ashes were put into a metal box and fired from an old gun The box was buried where it 6 landed about a kilometer away from his home in Sizely Bottom His son Maximiian said My father always liked making a loud noise 6 the average American family of four uses about 50 000 sheets of toilet paper a year It also keeps a total of 8 rolls in reserve in case of emergencies 7 A recent poll 民意调查 in France shows that married couples argue more about which program to watch on TV than their children s education These mums and dads also fight about money how to spend it not how to make it 8 Bugs Bunny has shown a little too much fur in a recent cartoon As the carrot loving rabbit came out of a shower his whole body was shown Walt Disney bosses decided to edit the film to protect Bugs Bunny s natural shyness 64 A Swiss school teacher A went back to school happily after his retirement B lost his job because he was not young C was asked to attend school because of a computer mistake D was ready to have further education 65 15 000 pairs of trousers were A made for the police B damaged by a female worker C designed for men who cheated on their wives D too tight and itchy to wear 66 Boverall A liked firing guns B wanted to die in a gun fight C kept his ashes in a gun box D wanted his ashes to be fired from a gun 67 What can we learn according to the above news A Married couples in France worry about money 7 B American families use more toilet paper now C Queen Elizabeth II has some naughty pet dogs D Bugs Bunny will be protected in the coming films 参考答案 64 67 CBDC 结束 阅读文章简答题阅读文章简答题 误区警示误区警示 一 读懂问题上出错 2010 湖南高考 What reaction does Linda imagine the children will have No more than 5 words 错误透析 They will feel greatly surprised 在高考阅卷时发现有的考生甚至连 问题中的 reaction 是什么意思都不清楚 对问题中的关键词都不理解 怎么能谈得上对问 题的全面了解呢 解题指导 读懂问题 查找线索 如解答词义题时 可注意找出原词在文章中的同 义代换词 如果没有 还应注意破折号 同位语从句 定语从句 插入语等具有解释 说明 作用的语言成分 考生可先读懂问题 后浏览全文 并在文中标出问题中的线索词 以保证 其答案至少在内容上能够做到完整无缺 也有的考生对文章内容了解不详细 导致对问题答 非所问 二 语言简练 准确 概括性上出错 2011 湖南高考 81 Why did the author feel guilty No more than 9 words 错误透析 She had a quarrel with her husband 有的考生在回答本题时文字拖泥 带水 表达不简练 甚至有的考生用词超过九个 解题指导 语言简练 准确 概括性强 为了不至于忘掉字数限制 考生要采用一 些小技巧进行形式上的浓缩 比如 可利用缩写 将 could not 缩写为 couldn t 尽量用 词或短语代替句子 尽量用简单句代替复合句等 当然解决问题的关键是使自己的语言有概 括性 比如 对同类现象找出共性 进行概括 三 抓关键词及主题句上出错 2012 湖南高考 84 What did the author learn from his first job No more than 11 words 3 marks 8 错误透析 He learned teamwork devotion and staying positive in rough situations 本题是综合理解题 提问作者从他的第一份工作中学到什么 根据记叙文意义 升华在尾段 定位到最后一段 From my first job at the restaurant I learned teamwork and devotion I also learned staying positive no matter how rough things seem to get 答案受字数限制需要合并句子 修改为 He learned teamwork devotion and staying positive in rough situations 解题指导 学会抓关键词及主题句 一篇文章的关键词构成语篇的精髓 抓住了关 键词 不仅有助于理解文章 而且表达上也能言简意赅 正确选用关键词比