湖南省萍乡市2014高考英语 阅读理解、完形填空训练（5）

1 湖南省萍乡市湖南省萍乡市 20142014 高考英语阅读理解 完形填空训练 高考英语阅读理解 完形填空训练 5 5 及答案 及答案 阅读下列短文 从每题所给的四个选项中 选出最佳选项 A When I was 17 I read a quote that went something like If you live each day as if it were your last someday you ll most certainly be right It made an impression on me and since then for the past 33years I have looked in the mirror every morning and asked myself If today were the last day of my life would I want to do what I am about to do today Remembering that I ll be dead soon is the most important tool I ve ever encountered 遇到 to help me make the big choice in life About a year ago I was diagnosed with cancer The doctors told me this was almost certainly a type of cancer that was incurable and that I would live no longer than three to six months My doctor advised me to go home and get my affairs in order which is my doctors code for preparing yourself to die I lived with that diagnosis all day I was completely in despair Later that evening I had another biopsy 活组织检查 and my wife told me that tumor turned to be curable with surgery I had the surgery and I m fine now This was the closest I ve been to facing death To tell the truth no one wants to die And yet death is the destination we all share No one has ever escaped it It clears out the old to make room for the new Right now the new is you but someday not too long from now you will gradually become the old and be cleared away Your time is so limited that you shouldn t waste it repeating someone else s life Don t be trapped by dogma 教条 which is living with the results of other people s thinking Don t let the noise of others opinions drown out your own inner voice And most importantly have the courage to follow your heart It somehow already knows what you truly want to become Everything else 2 is secondary 1 The doctor advised the author to go home and get his affairs in order because A he had to rest at home B his disease was not serious at all C his disease couldn t be cured D he had to wait for the result of the test 2 How did the author feel after the diagnosis A Angry B Excited C Optimistic D Hopeless 3 What does the author think of death A He thinks it is nothing to be scared of B He thinks it is not the end of life C He thinks it is impossible to avoid D He thinks it is the beginning of a new life 4 In the author s opinion we should A follow others advice B take no notice of diseases C take exercise and keep healthy D have the courage to follow our heart 参考答案 A CDCD 结束 第第 篇篇 Have you ever noticed the colour of the water in a river or stream after a heavy rainfall What do you think caused this change in colour It is soil that has been washed into the river from the riverbank or from the nearby fields ComponentsComponents ofof SoilSoil Soil is made up of a number of layers 层 each having its own distinctive 3 colour and texture The upper layer is known as the litter It acts like a blanket limiting temperature changes and reducing water loss The topsoil layer is made up of small particles of rock mixed with rotten plant and animal matter called humus 腐殖质 which is black and gives the topsoil its dark colour This layer is usually rich in nutrients oxygen and water Below the topsoil is the subsoil a layer that contains more stones mixed with only small amounts of organic matter This layer is lighter in colour because of the lack of humus Beneath the soil lies a layer of bedrock Soil forms from the bottom up Over time bedrock is attacked by rain wind frost and snow It is gradually broken down into smaller particles in a process called weathering Plants begin to grow and rotten materials enrich the topsoil Most of the soil in Eastern Canada for example was formed from weathered rock that was exposed when the ice disappeared 12 000 years ago WaterWater BeneathBeneath thethe SoilSoil Surface water collects and flows above the ground in lakes ponds and rivers Once in the soil or rock it is called groundwater Gravity pulls groundwater through the soil in a process called percolation 渗透 Eventually the water reaches a layer called the water table Under this is bedrock through which water cannot percolate As water percolates downward it dissolves organic matter and minerals from the soil and carries them to deeper layers This causes a serious problem because plants require these nutrients for growth SoilSoil pHpH Soil can be acidic neutral or basic The pH of the soil is determined by the nature of the rock from which it was formed and by the nature of the plants that grow and rot in it The acidity of rain and snow can lower the pH of the groundwater that enters the soil By burning fossil fuels such as coal oil and gasoline humans have been contributing to higher levels of acidity in many soils When fossil fuels are burned gases are released into the air and then fall back to earth as acid rain Acid soil increases the problem of carrying nutrients to lower soil levels As nutrients are removed soil is less fertile Plants grow more slowly in acidic soil and also become easily attacked by diseases 语篇解读 本文是一篇科普文 介绍了土壤的构成与土壤的 pH 对于植物生长的影响 4 5 The layer of soil that provides necessary nutrients for plant growth is called A litter B topsoil C humus D subsoil 解析 考查细节理解 根据文章第二段中的 The topsoil layer is made up of small particles of rock mixed with rotten plant which is black and gives the topsoil its dark colour This layer is usually rich in nutrients 可知给植物提供 必要营养的土层是 topsoil layer 答案 B 6 According to the text which of the following is NOT true A Soil forms from weathered rock on the earth surface B The deeper layer of soil is darker in colour than the surface soil C Air pollution is partially responsible for acid soil D Groundwater tends to carry away nutrients for plant growth 解析 考查细节判断 根据文章第二段中的 Below the topsoil is the subsoil a layer that contains more stones mixed with only small amounts of organic matter This layer is lighter in colour because of the lack of humus 可 知 并不是土层深 它的颜色就深 答案 B 7 We can infer from the passage that the water table lies A between the topsoil layer and the subsoil layer B in the subsoil layer above bedrock C between the subsoil layer and bedrock D in the bedrock layer beneath the subsoil 解析 考查细节理解 根据文章第四段中的 Eventually the water reaches a layer called the water table Under this is bedrock through which water cannot percolate 可知 water table 是位于 bedrock 之上的一个土层 它是独立存在的不属于其 他层 因此选项 C 正确 答案 C 8 The underlined word dissolve is used to express the idea that organic matter and minerals from soil are A rushed away into the river B cleaned and purified by water 5 C destroyed and carried away by water D mixed with water and become part of it 解析 考查词义猜测 根据本句中的 and carries them to deeper layers 可 知营养物质是在被水溶解之后才被带到更深的土层中去的 答案 D 结束 Tell a story and tell it well and you may open wide the eyes of a child open up lines of communication in a business or even open people s mind to another culture or race People in many places are digging up the old folk stories and the messages in them For example most American storytellers get their tales from a wide variety of sources cultures and times They regard storytelling not only as a useful tool in child education but also as a meaningful activity that helps adults understand themselves as well as those whose culture may be very different from their own Most local stories are based on a larger theme American storyteller Opalanga Pugh says Cinderella 灰姑娘 or the central idea of a good child protected by her goodness appears in various forms in almost every culture of the world Working with students in schools Pugh helps them understand their own cultures and the general messages of the stories She works with prisoner too helping them knowing who they are by telling stories that her listeners can write direct and act in their own lives If they don t like the story they are living they can rewrite the story Pugh also works to help open up lines of communication between managers and workers For every advance in business she says there is a greater need for communication Storytelling can have a great effect on either side of the manager worker relationship she says Pugh spent several years in Nigeria where she learned how closely storytelling was linked to the everyday life of the people there The benefits 6 of storytelling are found everywhere she says I learned how people used stories to spread their culture she says What I do is to focus on the value of the stories that people can translate into their own daily world of affairs We are all storytellers We all have a story to tell We tell everybody s story 52 What do we learn about American storyteller from Paragraph 2 A They share the same way of storytelling B They prefer to tell the stories from other cultures C They learn their stories from the American natives D They find storytelling useful for both children and adults 53 The underlined sentence Paragraph 4 suggests that prisoners can A start a new life B settle down in another place C direct films D become good actors 54 Pugh has practised storytelling with groups of people A 2 B 3 C 4 D 5 55 What is the main idea of the text A Storytelling can influence the way people think B Storytelling is vital to the growth of business C Storytelling is the best way to educate children in school D Storytelling helps people understand themselves and others 5 答案答案 52 D 53 A 54 B 55 D 结束 第第 篇篇 July 21st 2007 was a typical English summer s day it rained for 24 hours As usual I rushed home from work at midday to check on the house Nothing was amiss By the time I left work at 5 pm however the road into our village was 7 flooded Our house had never been flooded but as I opened the front door a wave of water greeted me Thank God the kids weren t with me because the house was 5 feet deep in water We lost everything downstairs And the plaster had to be torn off the walls ceilings pulled down At first we tried to push on through We didn t want to move the children out of home so we camped upstairs We put a sheet of plastic across the floor to protect us from the damp But after three months we felt very sick so we moved to a wooden house in a park The house was small but at first we were all just delighted to be in a new place Unfortunately things took longer than expected and we were there for 10 months The life there was inconvenient What surprised me most was how much I missed being part of a community 社区 We had lived in a friendly village with good neighbours and I d never thought how much I d miss that Although our situation was very bad it s difficult to feel too sorry for yourself when you look at what s happening elsewhere I watched a news report about floods in Northern India and thought We didn t have a straw hut 茅草房 that was swept away and our house is still standing We re lucky We moved back home in August With December coming there s still reconstruction work to be done so it s difficult to prepare for Christmas But I can t wait I m going to throw a party for our friends in the village to say thanks for their support This year I won t need any gifts living away from home for months has made me realize how little we actually need or miss all our possessions Although we are replacing things there s really no rush we have our home back and that s the main thing 语篇解读 洪水给生活带来了困难 但在灾害面前 也能获得更多对人生的认识 5 What does the underlined word amiss in the first paragraph mean A Wrong B Missing C Right D Found 解析 猜测词义题 从第一段中 As usual I rushed home from work 可知作 者还是像往常那样赶回家 因此没有什么不正常的 故选择 A 答案 A 6 It can be inferred from the text that the author A was sick of staying upstairs B cared much about her children 8 C could not stand living in a wooden house D did not deal well with her family affairs during the flood 解析 推理判断题 从第一段第五句 Thank God the kids weren t with me 可 以看出作者最关心 在意 孩子 答案 B 7 Why does the author say that they were lucky in the third paragraph A Because her situation was not serious B Because many other places were flooded C Because she had been to Northern India D Because some others suffered even more 解析 事实细节题 当作者看到印度北部遭受的洪水灾难比自己的更惨痛的报道时 深感自己应该庆幸 答案 D 8 What does the author mainly want to express by telling her story A She valued human feelings more than before B She realized she almost didn t need possessions C She found Christmas gifts no longer badly needed D She thought her own home was the most important 解析 主旨大意题 从最后一段对即将来临的圣诞节的准备 there s really no rush we have our home back and that s the main thing 可知作者通过这次洪 水认识到了她比以前更加珍惜人们之间的情感 故选择 A 结束 Edward Wilson is America s if not the world s leading naturalist In The Future of Life he takes us on a tour of the world s natural resources 资源 How are they used What has been lost What remains and is it able to continue with the present speed of use Wilson also points out the need to understand fully the biodiversity 生物多样性 of our earth Wilson begins with an open letter to the pioneer in environment 环境 protection Henry David Thorean He compares today s Walden Pond with that of Thorean s day Wilson will use such comparisons for the rest of the book The 9 problem is clear man has done great