高中英语 Unit1《A land of diversity》学案2 新人教版选修8

用心 爱心 专心1 UnitUnit 1 1 A A landland ofof diversitydiversity 单元要点预览单元要点预览 旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点 词语 辨析 1 means way method 2 percent percentage 3 obvious apparent evident clear 4 hire employ rent 1 elect vt 选举 推举 选择 vi 进行选举 作出 选择 election n 选举 推 举 当选 elective adj 可任意 选择的 n 选修科目 2 immigrate vi 移入immigration n 移民 入境 immigrant n 移民 侨民 3 race n 赛跑 竞争 人种 v 参赛 racial adj 人种的 种族的 racism n 种族歧视 种族偏见 种族主义 4 apparent adj 显然的 明白的 表面上的 apparently adv 显 然 表面上地 词形 变化 5 punishment n 罚 刑 罚 punish vt 惩罚 处 罚 重点 单词 1 majority n 大多数 大半 2 applicant n 申请人 3 occur vi 发生 出现 存在 4 indicate vt 指出 标示 表明 5 slip vi 滑动 滑行 滑跤 n 滑倒 小过失 失误 6 insert vt 插入 嵌入 词 汇 部 分 重点 词组 1 live on 继续生活或存在 2 make a life 习惯于新的生活方式 工作等 3 keep up 坚持 维持 沿袭古老的风俗 传统等 使某人不能去睡觉 4 team up with 与某人 一起工作 尤指为一共同目标 合作 5 mark out 划线标出 界线 6 take in 包括 吸收 接纳 欺骗 7 a great good many 相当多 很多 重点句子 1 California is the third largest state in the USA but has the largest population 2 Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California no one really knows 重点语法名词性从句 见语法部分 语言要点 模块 语言要点 模块 词语辨析词语辨析 旨在提供完形填空所需材料 1 means way method 解释 means 方法 方式 工具 着重于具体的手段 单复数相同 way 一般的方法 方式或个人的特殊方法方式 与技巧或效果的好坏无关 method 有系统的 有效率的精心拟定的方法 也可以指抽象概念 条理 短语搭配 做 的方法 a way to do sth a way of doing sth a method of doing sth 用这种 些方法 in this way with the method by this means 用心 爱心 专心2 用 方法 借助 by means of 无论如何 by all means 一点也不 决不 用于句首句子需倒装 by no means by the way 顺便问一下 on one s way to 在去 的路上 in the way 挡住路 练习 用 means way method 填空 1 These vegetables can be cooked in different 2 Only in this can you find out the truth 3 By this I get in touch with him 4 We express our thoughts by of words 5 shall I lend him money 6 The methods of teach need improve Keys 1 ways 2 way 3 means 4 means 5 By no means 6 teaching improving to be improved 2 percent percentage 解释 percent 表示 百分之 相当于 其前面往往是一个具体的数字 percentage 表示 百分比 百分率 前面不能是具体数字 只能被 high low 等修饰 练习 用 percent percentage 填空 1 I am a hundred in agreement with you 2 This company only supply 30 of what we need 3 The numbers are small in terms but significant 4 There used to be a high of babies that diet scarlet fever every year Keys 1 percent 2 percent 3 percentage 4 percentage what percentage 3 obvious apparent evident clear 解释 obvious 意为 某东西具有显著特点 不需费力就可觉察到 常用于一目了然的事物 apparent 意为 表面看起来很明显 而实际情况未必如此 evident 意为 有证据作出合理判断 考虑到各种事实 条件后而显得明显 clear 意为 不存在使人迷惑或使问题复杂化的因素 练习 用 obvious apparent evident clear 填空 1 It was an mistake for him to have gone alone 2 The situation is to everyone 3 It was becoming increasingly that he disliked me 4 The applause made it that the play was a hit Keys 1 obvious 2 clear 3 apparent 4 evident 4 hire employ rent 解释 hire 是日常用语 指按工作量或时间雇用人或租借东西 有 花钱使用某物 和 把某 物使用权出让给别人以收取费用 之意 多指临时租用某物 如 hire a boat a car a camera a bicycle an evening dress a hall for a meeting 等 指人 时 有 雇用 受雇 两种含义 employ 较正式 多指商店或公司长期雇用人手 受雇人员较广 甚至包括社会地位较高 用心 爱心 专心3 的职业人员 有 聘请 之义 也可以解释为 忙于 从事 常用于 be employed in sth doing sth 短语中 注 要弄清 employ 几个名词的用法 employee 雇工 雇员 employer 户主 东家 employment 就业 雇用 rent 一般指租借房屋 地产 租借出去 也有 花钱使用某物 和 把某物使用权出让 给别人以收取费用 之意 多指用于长时间的场合 如 rent a house a flat a TV 等 rent 还可作名词 意为 租金 租费 练习 用 hire employ rent 填空 1 Our house has been by a newly married couple 2 It s important to proper words in writing poem 3 They in writing when I came 4 They out boats by the hour 5 We a driver to take us on a tour of the city Keys 1 rented 2 employ 3 were employed 4 hire 5 hired 词性变化词性变化 旨在提供语法填空所需材料 1 elect vt 选举 推举 选择 vi 进行选举 作出 选择 election n 选举 推举 当 选 elective adj 可任意选择 的 n 选修科目 2 immigrate vi 移入immigration n 移民入境immigrant n 移民 侨民 3 race n 赛跑 竞争 人种 v 参赛 racial adj 人种的 种族 的 racism n 种族歧视 种族 偏见 种族主义 4 apparent adj 显然 的 明白的 表面上的 apparently adv 显然 表 面上地 5 punishment n 罚 刑罚 punish vt 惩罚 处罚 练习 用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空 1 In America presidential elect are held every four years 2 They deserve to punish for putting passengers at risk 3 She had to tidy the classroom as punish for being late 4 She was the daughter of Chinese immigrate to America 5 There was a sudden increase immigrate in from Eastern Europe 6 He is a victim of race discrimination 7 She turned to face him her anger apparent gone 8 Their motives as will soon become apparently are completely selfish Keys 1 elections 2 be punished 3 punishment 4 immigrants 5 immigration 6 racial 7 apparently 8 apparent 重点词汇重点词汇 旨在提供词汇综合运用所需材料 1 majority n 大多数 大半 major adj the roads are wet and slip Keys 1 let slip 2 slipped 3 slippery 6 insert vt 插入 嵌入 典例 He inserted a key into a lock 他把钥匙插进锁中 重点用法 insert sth in into between sth 插入 放入 置入或嵌於某物或某两物间 练习 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的介词 1 She inserted an additional paragraph an essay 2 Insert your fingers the layers and press them apart 用心 爱心 专心6 Keys 1 in 2 between 重点词组重点词组 旨在提供综合运用所需材料 1 live on 继续生活或存在 典例 She lived on for many years after her husband died 丈夫死後她继续活了多年 短语归纳 live 短语 live on sth 以某物为食 靠某种经济来源生活live by doing sth 靠做某事 物为生 live for sth 以某事物为生活目标live through sth 经历某事物而幸 存 live together 在一起生活 同居live up to sth 依照某事物行事 表现出符合某事物的标准 live with sth 接受或容忍某现象 live to be live to the age of 活到 岁 live a life 过着 的生活 练习 根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的 live 短语 1 The lonely old man charity 2 Mozart is dead but his music 3 My grandfather both world wars 4 We should work hard and try to our parents expectations 5 The brave girl is learning to her disability Keys 1 live on 2 lives on 3 lived through 4 live up to 5 live with 2 make a life 习惯于新的生活方式 工作等 典例 They settled down in Canada and made a life for themselves 他们在加拿大定居下 来 习惯新的生活方式 短语归纳 life 短语 bring sb sth back to life 给某人 事物的活力 使复活lay down one s life for sb sth 为 献身 牺牲生命 lead a dog s life 过狗一般的生活 长期忧虑 痛苦或悲伤 make one s way in life 在生活中有所成就 take one s own life commit suicide 自杀put an end to one s life kill oneself 自杀 take sb s life kill sb 取某人性命a sb s way of life 某人 的或某些人的 生活方式 a walk of life 行业 职业 阶层to the life 逼真 end one s days life in sth 处於某状况下或在某处 度过余生 练习 根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的介词或翻译 1 He laid down his life the cause of freedom 2 They interview people from 各行各业的人 3 She adapted easily to the French 生活方式 用心 爱心 专心7 Keys 1 for 2 all walks of life 3 way of life 3 keep up 坚持 维持 沿袭古老的风俗 传统等 使某人不能去睡觉 典例 1 You re all doing a splendid job keep up the good work 你们干得都很出色 要坚持下去 2 I do hope we re not keeping you up 我希望我们没有耽误你睡觉 短语归纳 keep 短语 keep up with sb sth 跟上 某人 某事物 与某人 某事物 同步前进或保持联系 跟上 形势 keep on doing sth 继续做某事物 重复做某事物keep away from 使某人 事物 不靠近某人 事物 keep sb back from sb sth 使某人 与某人 事物保持距离keep sth back 阻止某事 物 keep oneself sb from sth doing sth 使自己 某人不能做某事物 keep sth from sb 不 将某事告诉某人 keep off sb sth 不接近或不接触某人 事物keep sb sth out of sth 不让某人 物进入 某处 keep in touch with 保持与某人的联系keep fit 保持健康 练习 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词 1 The high cost of raw materials is keeping prices 副词 2 She likes to keep up 介词 the latest fashions 3 The house is becoming too expensive for them to 维修 4 We should try to 沿袭 our old customs 5 Police warned bystanders to 不靠近 the blazing building 6 I think we ought to 不把实情告诉他 until he s better Keys 1 up 2 with 3 keep up 4 keep up 5 keep away from 6 keep the truth from him 4 team up with 与某人 一起工作 尤指为一共同目标 合作 典例 The two companies have teamed up to develop a new racing car 那两个公司已合作 研制新型赛车 练习 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词 He 与某人一起工作 his brother in the doubles Keys teamed up with 5 mark out 划线标出 界线 典例 Please mark out the sentences that you don t understand with a red pen 请用 红笔标出你不懂的句子 重点用法 be marked with 标记着 用心 爱心 专心8 练习 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词 1 I ve lost a case 标记着 IX on its back 2 She carefully 划线标出 the important phrases and sentence patterns Keys 1 marked with 2 marked out 6 take in 包括 吸收 接纳 欺骗 典例 1 The students find it easy to take in what you teach 学生发现你的课很好懂 2 He had nowhere to sleep so we offered to take him in 他没地方可以睡 我们 于是就提出让他留宿 短语归纳 take 短语 take apart 拆开 剖析 抨击 论点等 take down 拿下 取下 拆卸 记下 take back 取回 带回 收回说过的话 使 回忆起昔日 take care of 照料 保管 take up 开始从事 占用 时间或空间 着手处理 take medicine 服药 take it easy 别紧张 慢慢来 take over 继承 接收 接管 take off 脱下 衣服等 起飞 take on 承担 从事 呈 现 take one s place 入座 代替某人的位置 take one s time 不急 慢慢干 练习 用与 take 相关的短语填空 1 Don t be by his promises 2 Who do you think will now that the governor has been dismissed 3 These boxes of yours are too much space 4 1 was really when seeing old photos 5 Dear ladies and gentlemen please now The opera is soon to begin 6 Tom carefully what the teacher said Keys 1 taken in 2 take over3 taking up 4 taken back 5 take your place 6 took down 7 a great good many 相当多 很多 典例 It all happened a good many years ago 这发生在很多年前 重点用法 many a 修饰可数名词单数 a great good many a large number of scores of dozens of many few 修饰可数名词复数 a good great deal of a large great amount of large amounts of much little a 修饰不可数名词 用心 爱心 专心9 little a lot of lots of plenty of a large great quantity of quantities of a supply of supplies of 可数名词复数 不可数名词 练习 根据句子的要求翻译 1 I ve known her for 很多 years 2 I imagine if one day I had 很多 money I would go traveling round the world Keys 1 a great good many 2 a good great deal of 或 a large great amount of 重点句子重点句子 旨在提供句子结构等所需材料 1 California is the third largest state in the USA but has the largest population 加利福尼亚是美国第三大洲 但有着最多的人口 解释 形容词的最高级前面可以被序数词以及 by far much almost nearly not quite 等词修饰 练习 翻译句子 1 黄河是中国第二长河 2 亚洲是世界上最大的洲 Keys 1 The Yellow River is the second longest river in China 2 Asia is by far the largest continent in the world 2 Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California no one really knows 没有人知道确切在什么时候第一批移民者到达我们今天所称为加利福 尼亚的地方 解释 what we now know as California 是一个由 what 引导的名词性从句 做 arrive in 的宾语 what 是复合关系代词 相当于 the thing s that 因此 在名词性从句中可 以用 the thing s that 取代的 应该用 what 注意 1 名词性从句中 what 与 that 的区别 that 在名词性从句中不起句子成分的作用 what 必须起句子成分的作用 注意 2 名词性从句中 what 与 which 的区别 指代前文已经提到过的对象或范围时 用 which 否则用 what What he said sounds reasonable what 作 said 的宾语 That our team has won the game has been proved That 在主语从句中不起句子成分 的作用 用心 爱心 专心10 There are many books available I don t know which to read which 指的是前文 提到的 books 的其中一本 What book do you want to buy 前文没有提及买什么书或哪一类书 练习 根据句子的意思填词 1 This is he wanted 2 This is the thing he wanted 3 She is no longer she used to be 4 She is no longer the person she used to be Keys 1 what 2 that 3 what 4 that 课文要点 模块 课文要点 模块 课文词汇等填空课文词汇等填空 旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等 根据课文内容完成下面语法填空 注意单词拼写和词语用法 California is the 1 three largest state in the USA but has the largest population It has 2 attraction people from all over the world No one really knows when the first people arrived in 3 we now know as California Now there are more Native Americans 4 in California than in any other state California 5 统治 by Spain and there is still a strong Spanish 6 影响 in the state People began 7 settle in California when gold 8 发现 there But people from Africa have been living there It is believed that before long the mix of 9 国籍 will be so great that there will be no major racial of cultural groups but simply a 10 mix of many culture 答案 1 third 2 attracted 3 what 4 living 5 was ruled 6 influence 7 settling 8 was discovered 9 nationalities 10 mixture 课文大意概括课文大意概括 旨在训练用 30 个单词概括大意的能力 阅读课文 试着用 30 来个单词概括课文大意或翻译下面短文 整篇文章分别介绍了美洲土著人 西班牙人 俄罗斯人 金矿工人 后来移民与未来 移民及解释为什么加州是一个多民族 多文化的地方 The whole passage introduced 答案 The whole passage introduced the native Americans the Spanish Russians gold miners later arrivals and future immigrants and explain why California is a multi ethnic and multi cultural place 课文佳句背诵与仿写课文佳句背诵与仿写 旨在培养对难句的理解和写作能力 1 1 原句 Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California no one really knows 最早一批人具体是在什么时候来到我们现在了解的加 利福尼来地区的 谁也说不清楚 模仿要点 句子结构 状语从句 what 从句 主句 模仿 1 当我们把它和我们称之为 大哥大 相比 我们发现新的移动电话携带轻便 小巧 价格便宜 用心 爱心 专心11 答案 When we compared it to what we called Da Ge Da we found new mobile phones are light and small to carry with a low price 模仿 2 当我们到达人们称之为小鸟天堂的地方时 我们兴奋地发现数千种鸟类定居在 那 答案 When we arrived at what people call Bird Paradise we were excited to find thousands of kinds of birds are settling there 2 原句 Although Chinese immigrants began to arrive during the Gold Rush Period it was the building of the rail network from the west to the east coast that brought even larger numbers to California in 1860s 虽然中国移民在淘金热时 期就开始来到 美国 但是更大批量的中国移民却是在 19 世纪 60 年代为了修建贯穿美国 东西海岸的铁路而来的 模仿要点 句子结构 让步状语从句 强调句 模仿 1 虽然他妹妹和他没有血缘关系 但是洪战辉他自己坚持背她上大学 这件事感 动了整个中国 答案 Although his young sister has no blood relationship with him it is Hong Zhan Hui himself that insists on carrying her on his back to college which moves the whole China 模仿 2 虽然我的日常生活十分单调 但是我的努力使我适应新的校园生活 答案 Although my daily life is extremely monotonous it is my hard work that makes me adapt myself to the new life on campus 3 3 原句 It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups but simply a mixture of many races and cultures 人们认为 要不了多久 多种国籍的混 合将会非常之大 以至于不可能存在一种主要的种族或文化群体 而只是多种族 多文化 的混合体 模仿要点 句子结构 It is V ed that 从句 so that 模仿 1 据报道 2008 奥运福娃的英文名已经从 Friendlies 改为 Fuwa 它易发音 易 记忆 很受人们的欢迎 答案 It is reported that the English name of the five mascots of the 2008 Olympics has changed from Friendlies to Fuwa which is so easy to pronounce and remember that it is popular with all the people 模仿 2 人们普遍认为书的影响是如此之大以至我们的父母总是鼓励我们养成良好的阅 读习惯 阅读更多的书籍 但是我们必须非常注意书的选择 答案 It is commonly believed that the influence of books is so important that our parents always encourage us to form good habits of reading and to read more books but we must pay great attention to the choice of books 单元自测单元自测 模块 模块 用心 爱心 专心12 1 1 完形填空完形填空 阅读下面短文 掌握其大意 然后从 1 10 各题所给的 A B C 和 D 项中 选出最佳 选项 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑 词数 186完成时间 14 分 钟 难度 The mobile phone has created a new way of life It gives us the opportunity to 1 people when and where we like But when mobile phones become as commonplace as wristwatches it seems they are creating 2 situations People let their phones ring in restaurants theatres or business meetings People 3 discuss very personal issues over their phones while strangers are around them People spend all their time in the 4 of friends paying more attention to those at the other end of their mobile phones By now everyone knows that mobile phone etiquette is a 5 problem These are tips for being a good 6 citizen Firstly remember to 7 your phone is off at activities Secondly 8 the people around you when you make or take calls in public Thirdly don t answer your cell phone while talking with another person unless that phone is more 9 than the person you are with Follow these rules and you ll be a 10 mobile phones user by being considerate to others 1 A approach B reach C arrive D extend 2 A embarrassing B strange C extraordinary D complex 3 A further B loudly C openly D briefly 4 A presence B existence C absence D appearance 5 A basic B technical C real D behavioral 6 A mobile B telephone C medium D average 7 A check B control C stop D test 8 A appreciate B respect C observe D watch 9 A valuable B excellent C important D worth 10 A large B responsible C regular D current 答案 1 B 手机让我们在任何时候 任何地点 只要愿意郎能找到你要找的人 2 A 然而手机也会让人处境尴尬 3 B 很大声地用手机谈论个人问题 4 A 当着朋友们的面 5 C 手机礼节真是一个问题了 6 A 作为一个讲礼貌的手机使用者 7 A 检查你的手机是否已经关机 8 B 公共场所打电话 接电话时尊重你周围的人 9 C 除非你要接的电话比你身旁的人更 10 B 是一个负责的手机使用者 2 2 语法填空语法填空 阅读下面短文 按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求 在空格处填入一个适当 的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空 并将答案填写在答题卡标号为 1 10 的相应位置 用心 爱心 专心13 上 词数 168完成时间 8 分钟难度 The Whites live in a big city They have a son 1 name Tom His hobby is reading When he comes home from school he always goes to his room and just reads books He 2 plays outdoors One day Mrs White said to her husband 3 is not good for Tom s health to live in the city all the time They found a small house in the country They took him there 4 a vacation They left home at 8 5 got there at 11 in the morning 6 they reached the house his mother said 7 clean the air isl she said to Tom We are going to stay here for a week Tom ran into the house A few minutes 8 he ran back to his mother and said I can t find 9 desk His mother answered We came here 10 spend our vacation in the country You must play outdoors and not read books here Enjoy your vacation Tom cried Oh how terrible 答案 1 named 过去分词短语作定语 a son named Tom 意为 一位名叫汤姆的儿子 2 never hardly 完全否定 意为 从来不 3 It 考查 It is 十 adj 十 to do sth 的句型结构 It 作形式主语 4 for 此处表目的 for a vacation 表度假 5 and 表并列关系 连接 left home 和 got there 两个动词短语 6 When 考查由 When 引导的时间状语从句 7 How How 引导的感叹句 8 later a few minutes later 意为 一会儿后 9 a 不定冠词 泛指一张桌子 0 to spend 动词不定式短语作目的状语 3 3 阅读理解阅读理解 阅读下列短文 从每题所给的 A B C 和 D 项中 选出最佳选项 并在答题卡上将该 项涂黑 词数 254完成时间 6 分钟难度 Science Daily Apr 27 2008 Dutch ecologist Roxina Soler and her colleagues have discovered that subterranean 地下的 and aboveground herbivorous 食草的 insects can communicate with each other by using plants as telephones Subterranean insects issue chemical warning signals through the leaves of the plant This way aboveground insects are warned that the plant is already occupied Aboveground leaf eating insects prefer plants that have not yet been occupied by subterranean root eating insects Subterranean insects send out chemical signals through the leaves of the plant which warn the aboveground insects about their presence This messaging makes it possible for spatially separated insects to avoid each other so that they do not compete for the same plant In recent years it has been discovered that different types of aboveground insects develop slowly if they feed on plants that also have subterranean insects and vice versa 反之亦然 It seems that a mechanism 机制 has 用心 爱心 专心14 developed through natural selection which helps the subterranean and aboveground insects to communicate with each other This avoids unnecessary competition Through the green telephone lines subterranean insects can also communicate with a third party namely the natural enemy of caterpillars 毛虫 Parasitic wasps 寄生蜂 lay their eggs inside aboveground insects The wasps also benefit from the signals sent by the leaves as these help them find more insects for their eggs The communication between subterranean and above ground insects has only been studied in a few systems It is still not clear how widespread this phenomenon is say the researchers 1 How do subterranean and aboveground insects communicate with each other A By sending signals through the leaves B By giving off particular smells C By making soft and beautiful sounds D By the sign