高中英语 Unit 3 Period Two Learning about Language同步学案 新人教版必修4

用心 爱心 专心1 PeriodPeriod TwoTwo LearningLearning aboutabout LanguageLanguage v v ing ing 作定语 表作定语 表 语和宾补语和宾补 一 v ingv ing 作定语 1 动名词作定语常表示所修饰的名词的用途 常位于所修饰的名词之前 可以转换成 for 的结构 a sleeping bag a bag for sleeping 睡袋 a writing desk a desk for writing 写字台 a washing machine a machine for washing 洗衣机 a walking stick a stick for walking 拐杖 2 动名词与现在分词作定语的区别 动名词作定语表示所修饰名词的功能 用途 现在分词作定语表示性质 特征 状态 或动作 可以转换成定语从句 The man standing there will sing us a song 站在那儿的那个男人将为我们唱一首歌 现在分词 Do you know the dancing girl 你认识这个跳舞的女孩吗 现在分词 Nobody can stop the running horse 没有人能阻止那匹奔跑的马 现在分词 They are swimming in the swimming pool 他们正在游泳池里游泳 第二个 swimming 为动名词 二 v ingv ing 作表语 Her job is teaching 她从事教学工作 Mary is translating a book 玛丽在翻译一本书 1 动名词作表语表示一般性 经常性的动作 His job is teaching English 他的工作是教英语 2 动名词与现在分词作表语的区别 动名词作表语表示主语的内容 可以把主语和表语交换 而现在分词作表语说明主语 的性质 特征 此时主语和表语不可以交换位置 She is washing the dishes 她正在洗餐具 Teaching is my job 教学是我的工作 三 v ingv ing 作宾语补足语 1 动名词不作宾补 而现在分词可以作宾补 现在分词作宾语补足语主要用在某些动词如 see hear notice watch keep find get have feel 等后 与一个名词或代词构 成复合宾语 这时v ing 形式和句子的宾语之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系 并且v ing 表示宾语正在进行的动作 2 v ing 和不定式作宾语补足语的区别 在 see hear feel watch notice 等感官动词后 既可以用动词的 ing 形式构成 复合宾语 也可以用不定式构成复合宾语 两者之间存在着一定的区别 即 现在分词表 示动作正在进行 而不定式表示动作发生了 即动作的全过程结束了 注意 在 see hear feel watch notice 等感官动词后 跟省 to 的不定式作宾补 但在被动语态中 应再加上 to 单词拼写 用心 爱心 专心2 1 This is a special 特殊的 day in the history of our country 2 Some species 种类 of animals have become extinct because they could not adapt to a changing environment 3 The comedian performed for our entertainment 娱乐 4 Honesty 诚实 is the best policy 5 The falling leaves inspired 激起 her with sadness 6 He drank a mouthful 一口 of wine from each glass 7 They were undoubtedly the most outstanding couple in the field of physics all over the world 8 At last they overcame 战胜 all the Latin tribes in Italy 9 I wish I had this chance of coming into a fortune 10 Have you a particular reason for choosing the book 词语填空 boil chew swing slide knock into entertain whisper direct star in overcome 1 It is not an easy job to direct a large bank 乐队 2 He knocked into a chair in the dark which hurt his knee badly 3 Chewing the food slowly is a good habit of taking a meal 4 After 8 years of hard fighting the Chinese people overcame the Japanese invaders in the end 5 Children like to slide sliding down the slope 斜坡 6 When we visited our old friend he entertained us with music 7 The actor starring in The Gold Rush is Chaplin 8 The ship began to swing at sea and some of the passengers began to feel seasick 9 I did not dare to speak aloud or even whisper to Alison what was in my mind 10 Some vegetables can t be boiled long which can make them not delicious 把下列句子译成汉语 并写出其中非谓语动词的功能 1 Tell the children playing there not to make so much noise 叫在那边玩的孩子别弄出那么多的噪音 playing there 作定语修饰 children 2 We need someone to help with our work 我们需要有人帮我们做这项工作 to help with our work 作定语修饰 someone 3 The father s task is to help his son find a good job 那位父亲的任务是帮他儿子找到一份好工作 to help his son find a good job 作 表语 4 It is surprising to discover so many ancient Chinese coins in Australia 在澳大利亚发现那么多中国古硬币真令人吃惊 surprising 作表语 to discover so many ancient Chinese coins in Australia 是真正的主语 it 是形式主 语 5 A well kept secret is one that you never tell anyone 一个保守得很好的秘密是一个你从来也不告诉任何人的秘密 well kept 作定语修饰 secret 6 I noticed them forcing the door open with a hammer 我注意到他们正在用锤子敲开门 forcing the door open with a hammer 作 them 的 宾补 7 Did you see a boy pass here just now 刚才你看到有一个男孩从这里经过了吗 pass here 作 a boy 的宾补 8 I could hear the couple whispering to each other during the first part of the play 我能听到那一对夫妻在演出第一幕时相互低声说话 whispering to each other 作 用心 爱心 专心3 the couple 的宾补 用所给动词的适当形式填空 1 We heard them quarrelling quarrel about money after the concert they looked very angry 2 The villagers saw the fire burning burn brightly in the distance When they hurried there they found some houses burned burn to the ground already 3 I didn t see anyone take take away your paper It might have been flown by the wind 4 During the days to come come we ll make good preparations for the sports meeting 5 The woman looking look at her map is a relative of my mother 6 Einstein was one of the greatest scientist respected respect by the people 7 Doing nothing is doing do ill 8 To do that would be to cut cut the foot to fit the shoe 9 We were all very surprised surprise at the news I found it very surprising surprise 10 He gave us an inspiring inspire speech We were all inspired inspire 完成句子 1 My friend is good at playing on words 说俏皮话 which usually makes people laugh a lot 2 Usually he is serious but at times sometimes he makes some jokes 有时 说些笑话 3 The teacher s praise inspired him greatly 给他以极大的鼓舞 4 As a novelist Lu Yao is famous for his novel Life 以他的小说 人生 而 著名 5 He never helps others though he seems to be kind to them 尽管他似乎对他 们客气 6 The building facing to the south 朝南的那座大楼 is our library 7 Some stories by Mr Lu Xun were set in the countryside in Zhejiang Province 以浙江省的农村为背景 8 I don t know how long the meeting will last 这次会议要开多长时间 but I hope it will be as short as possible 单项填空 1 The man there is our headmaster Would you like to go over and say hello to him A stand B to stand C is standing D standing 答案 D 解析 本题考查v ing 形式作定语的用法 A C 两项因为不是非谓语动词形式而被 排除 B 项不定式表示未进行的动作 显然不合题意 2 The places in the book are among the most beautiful in China so the foreigner bought it at once A describing B described C to describe D be described 答案 B 解析 此题考查过去分词作定语的用法 因为 place 与 describe 之间存在动宾关系 因此 describe 应使用被动式 3 The news made them It turned out that China ranked first on the list of gold medals A excited exciting B exciting to be excited 用心 爱心 专心4 C exciting excited D exciting excite 答案 C 解析 令人兴奋的 用 exciting 人 兴奋的 用 excited 4 The noise of desks could be heard out in the street We knew there must be a school nearby A opening and closing B opened and closed C to be opened and closed D being opened and closed 答案 D 解析 因为声音可以被听到 因此开关课桌的声音应该是正在发出 又因为 desk 与 open close 之间存在动宾关系 因此 close open 应使用被动式 综上所述 应使用 being done 的形式作定语 5 Is this the path to the village Yes it is A leads B led C leading D to lead 答案 C 解析 leading to the village which leads to the village v ing 形式用作定 语 6 I have never heard the song in such a strange way A singing B sang C to sing D sung 答案 D 解析 song 与 sing 之间存在动宾关系 因此 sing 使用被动式 作宾语补足语 7 She smelt something in the kitchen and shouted Fire in a loud voice A burning B to burn C burned D burn 答案 A 解析 burn 指 烧焦 此处表示 正在燃烧 因此用v ing 形式作宾语补足语 8 His job was people with all kinds of tricks he can think of A entertain B entertaining C entertained D to entertaining 答案 B 解析 考查v ing 形式作表语 A C D 三项中的形式不符合语法 9 Next week I ll go to work in the town so I ll have my brother there a house for me A to find B finding C found D find 答案 D 解析 have sb do sth 为常用句型 do 前的不定式符号 to 被省略 10 The director scolded Jane because she left the office with the door A unlocking B not being locked C unlocked D not locking 答案 C 解析 本题考查固定结构 with 宾语 宾语补足语 中的宾语补足语的形式 door 与 unlock 之间存在动宾关系 所以 unlock 应用被动式 11 Many children have formed the habit of reading but notes meanwhile A not take B not to take C not taking D not to taking 答案 C 解析 句意为 许多孩子养成了阅读的习惯 但是没有养成同时做笔记的习惯 动名 用心 爱心 专心5 词作宾语 连词 but 连接介词 of 的两个宾语 即 Many children have formed the habit of reading but they have not formed the habit of taking notes meanwhile 注意否定副词 not 置于非谓语动词前 12 about buying cars I prefer a car less than 100 000 yuan to one over the amount A To talk B Talked C Having talked D Talking 答案 D 解析 本题考查非谓语动词的用法 现在分词表示动作正在进行 与主语是主动关系 13 after a long walk Henry called and said he couldn t come A Having worn out B Being worn out C To wear out D Worn out 答案 D 解析 句意为 长途跋涉之后 Henry 感到精疲力竭 打电话说他不能来了 过去分 词作状语 wear oneself sb out to make oneself or sb feel very tired 使疲乏 使精疲力尽 因此主语 Henry 与 wear 为被动关系 Worn out after a long walk 相当 于状语从句 Because Henry was worn out after a long walk 14 I really appreciate to help me but I am sure that I will be able to manage by myself A you to offer B your offering C that you offer D that you are offering 答案 B 解析 句意为 我很感激你提出帮助我 但是我相信我能自己解决 动名词作宾语 appreciate one s doing sth 其中的 one s 为 offering 的逻辑主语 15 John did quite well in his exams how little he studied A consider B considering C considered D to consider 答案 B 解析 句意为 鉴于 John 没怎么学习 他在考试中的表现已经相当不错了 considering 鉴于 考虑到 为固定用法 不受句子主语的影响 如 She s very active considering her age 就她的年龄来说 她是十分活跃的 阅读填空 Richard s father died when he was five Later on he lost his mother An old woman felt sorry for the poor boy and often helped him Of course he had no money to go to school He had to work for a rich farmer The man paid him nothing except food and clothes 1 He found some old books near the school and taught himself to read and write 2 It connected the village and the town One morning people found there was a big stone on it It stopped them from going to town They had to move it away or they had to cross the mountain if they had something to do in the town But the