形容词和副词的基本用法

一 考查形容词和副词的基本用法 形容词在句中一般作定语 表语 补语 而副词在句中主要作状语 如 1 Tom sounds very much in the job but I m not sure whether he can manage it 2006 安徽 A interested B interesting C interestingly D interestedly 解析 句中 sounds 意为 听起来 是系动词 后接表语 要用形容词 排除 C 和 D 又因表示 对 感兴趣 用 interested 答案是 A 2 We don t care if a hunting dog smells but we really don t want him to smell 1995 上海 A well well B bad badly C well badly D badly bad 解析 句意是 我们不在乎猎狗闻 起来难闻 但是我们确实不希望它的嗅觉力差 前者 smell 是系动词 后接形容词 后者 smell 是行 为动词 用副词来修饰 此外 well 作形容词是表示人身体好 气色好 用在此句中不行 只能作副词用 答案是 B 3 These oranges taste 1991 全国 A good B well C to be good D to be well 解析 因 taste 尝起来 是系动词 后要接形容词作表语 故选 A 4 What a nice fire you have in your fireplace During the winter I like my house 2005 上海春 A warmly and comfortably B warm and comfortable C warm and comfortably D warmly and comfortable 解析 在宾语后补语要用形容词 答案是 B 5 She doesn t speak her friend but her written work is excellent 1993 全国 A as well as B so often as C so much as D as good as 解析 由语境可知 前一分句的意思是 她不如她朋友说得好 修饰动词 speak 用副词 well 答案 是 A 6 He drives much than he did three years ago 1981 全国 A careful B carefully C more careful D more carefully 解析 由 than 可知要用比较级 排除 A 和 B 修饰动词 drives 要用副词作状语 排除 C 答案是 D 7 some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless 2004 上海春 A Strangely enough B Enough strangely C Strange enough D Enough strange 解析 由语境可知 选项是修饰整个句子的状语 应用副词 排除选项 C 和 D 又因 enough 修饰副 词要放在所修饰的副词后 排除 B 答案是 A 二 考查形容词作定语的后置规律 形容词作定语一般位于所修饰的名词前 但下列三种情况形容词要后置 形容词短语作定语时 表语形容词作定语时 修饰复合不定代词时 如 8 to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills 2000 全国 A Brave enough students B Enough brave students C Students brave enough D Students enough brave 解析 由 enough 要放在所修饰的形容词 brave 之后 排除选项 B 和 D brave enough 与后面的不定式构成形容词短语作定语 要放在所修饰的名词 students 之后 排除 A 答案是 C 9 All the people at the party were his supporters 2002 北京 A present B thankful C interested D important 解析 因为要在名词后作定语 选项中只有 present 出席的 在场的 这个表语形容词作定语才可以放 在所修饰的名词后 故选 A 三 考查多个形容词作定语的排序 多个形容词修饰名词时 其排序规律是 限定词 程度副词 描绘 大小 长短 高低 形状 年龄 新旧 颜色 国籍或产地 物质材料 类别或用途 名词 如 10 John Smith a successful businessman has a car 2004 辽宁 A large German white B large white German C white large German D German large white 解析 large 是 大小 German 是 产地 white 是 颜色 其排列顺序应当是 大小 颜色 产地 故 选 B 11 students are required to take part in the boat race 2004 浙江 A Ten strong young Chinese B Ten Chinese strong young C Chinese ten young strong D Young strong ten Chinese 解析 根据 限定词 形容词 名词 数词属于限定词 选出 A 和 B 来 再根据 描绘 strong 大小 yo ung 国籍 Chinese 所以选 A 12 The house smells as if it hasn t been lived in for years 2004 江苏 A little white wooden B little wooden white C white wooden little D wooden white little 解析 因为 little 是限定词 应放在形容词前面 排除 C 和 D 表示颜色的应放在表示物质材料的形 容词的前面 所以只有 A 对 答案 A 13 This girl is Linda s cousin 2005 北京 A pretty little Spanish B Spanish little pretty C Spanish pretty little D little pretty Spanish 解析 pretty 是描绘性形容词 little 是表示大小的形容词 Spanish 是表示国籍的形容词 所以 它们 的排序是 pretty little Spanish 答案是 A 注 限定词的排序 前位限定词 指量限定词 all both half 等 倍数词 double twice 等 分数词 one third two fifths 等 中位限定词 冠词 指示代词 形容词性物主代词 名词所有格 后位限定词 序数词 及 last next 等 基数词及 few several 等 如 14 The husband gave his wife every month in order to please her 2004 重庆 A all half his income B his half all income C half his all income D all his half income 解析 all 和 half 都是前位限定词 his 是中位限定词 所以 his 要位于 all 和 half 之后 故选 A 15 How was your recent visit to Qingdao It was great We visited some friends and spent the days at the seaside 1995 全国 A few last sunny B last few sunny C last sunny few D few sunny last 解析 sunny 与 day 的关系最密切 要紧靠 day 或者根据 last 和 few 是限定词 要放在描绘性形容词 sunny 的前面 排除选项 C 和 D 凭语感或由学过的 in the last few years 可知 last 要放在 few 前 排除选项 A 答案是 B 四 考查副词在句中的位置规律 副词修饰形容词或其它副词时 一般位于被修饰词的前面 但 enough 却要放在被修饰的形容词或副 词的后面 如 16 Although she did not know Boston well she made her way to the Home Cirele Building 2006 湖南 A easy enough B enough easy C easily enough D enough easily 解析 因 make one s way to 是固定词组 意为 前往 修饰动词 made 要用副词 排除选项 A 和 B 副词 enough 修饰形容词或 副词 要放在后面 排除 D 答案是 C 17 If I had I d visit Europe stopping at the small interesting places 1998 全国 A a long enough holiday B an enough long holiday C a holiday enough long D a long holiday enough 解析 形容词 long 要放所修饰的名词 holiday 前 副词 enough 要放在所修饰的 long 之后 故选 A 此外 频度副词 always usually often never 等一般放在行为动词前 或者情态动词 助动词或 be 动词之后 表示方式的副词通常放在 动 词 宾语 之后 同时有表示时间 地点和方式的副词时 其顺序一般为 方式 地点 时间 如 18 I went to the railway station to see my friend off 1991 全国 A After eating quickly my dinner B After my quickly eating dinner C After eating my dinner quickly D After eating my quickly dinner 解析 quickly 是表方式的副词 通常位于 动词 宾语 之后 故选 C 19 They re not very good but we like 2000 上海 A anyway to play basketball B to play basketball with them any way C to play with them basketball anyway D with them to play basketball 解析 like 后应直接接宾语 to play basketball 状语放在宾语后 答案是 B 20 Will you give this message to Mr Baker please Sorry I can t He 1992 全国 A doesn t any more work here B doesn t any longer here work C doesn t work any more here D doesn t work here any longer 解析 doesn t 后应紧跟动词原形 work 排除选项 A 和 B 地点状语要放在时间状语前面 排除选项 C 答案是 D 五 考查 ed 形容词和 ing 形容词的区别 ed 形容词 通常说明人 意为 某人 感到 ing 形容词通常说明事物 意为 某事物 令人 或 令人 的 事物 如 21 Laws that punish parents for their little children s actions against the laws get parents 2004 重庆 A worried B to worried C worrying D worry 解析 表示人 parents 感到忧虑的 用 ed 形容词作宾补 故选 A 22 It is believed that if a book is it will surely the reader 2003 上海 A interested interest B interesting be interested C interested be interesting D interesting interest 解析 前者是作表语 表示 令人 有趣的 用 interesting 后者是在 will 后作谓语 用动词原形 表 示 使 人 有趣 是 interest 答案是 D 23 Mr Smith of the speech started to read a novel 2003 京春 A tired boring B tiring bored C tired bored D tiring boring 解析 前空是 感到累 用 tired 后空是 令人厌倦的 用 tiring 答案是 A 24 I m very with my own cooking It looks nice and smells delicious Mm it does have a smell 2002 春 A pleasant pleased B pleased pleased C pleasant pleasant D pleased pleasant 解析 表示 感到高兴 用 pleased 表示 令人愉快的 用 pleasant 答案是 D 六 考查两种不同形式的副词的用法差异 即考查与形容词同形的副词与形容词后加 ly 构成的副词的区别 如 25 It was raining heavily Little Mary felt cold so she stood to her mother 2002 北京 A close B closely C closed D closing 解析 因紧靠母亲站着 是指实际距离近 用与形容词同形的副词 close 故选 A 选项 C 的 closely 一般指抽象意义 如 listen closely 仔细听 七 考查形容词和副词的比较等级 1 as 形容词 副词原级 as 26 A typhoon swept across tiffs area with heavy rains and winds strong as 113 miles per hour 2006 上海 A too B very C so D as 解析 as as 固定搭配 答案是 D 27 John is the tallest boy in the class according to himself 2005 安徽 A five foot eight as tall as B as tall as five foot eight C as five foot eight tall as D as tall five foot eight as 解析 as tall as five foot eight as tall as five feet eight inches 高达五英尺八英寸 答案是 B 28 John plays football if not better than David 1994 全国 A as well B as well as C so well D so well as 解析 句意是 John 踢足球不比 David 更好 也会和他一样好 从结构上看 去掉插入语 if not bet ter than 就更清楚地知道用 as well as 肯定句中不用 so as 答案是 B 2 not as so 原级 as 29 He speaks English well indeed but of course not a native speaker 2004 上海 A as fluent as B more fluent than C so fluently as D much fluently than 解析 修饰动词 speaks 要用副词 排除 A 和 B 又因 than 前必须是比较级 排除 D 只有选项 C 正 确 30 Do you have a big library No we don t at least not yours 1982 全国 A bigger as B as big as C as big than D as bigger than 解析 由语境可知 是要表达 至少没有你们的图书馆那么大 表示 不如 是 not as 原级 as 答案 是 B 3 as 形容词 a an 名词 as 31 Our neighbour has ours 2003 北京 A as a big house as B as big a house as C the same big house as D a house the same big as 解析 由句式结构判断 选 B 32 It is generally believed that teaching is it is a science 2001 全国 A an art much as B much an art as C as an art much as D as much an art as 解析 由固定搭配 as 形容词 a an 名词 as 可排除选项 A B 和 C 答案是 D 4 比较级 A or B 33 Which do you think tastes the chicken or the fish 1986 全国 A well B good C better D best 解析 两者之间比较 要用比较级 答案是 C 5 比较级 than 34 Did you take enough money with you No I needed I thought I would 2006 全国 II A not so much as B as much as C much more than D much less than 解析 由 no 可知 我需要的比我原来想会花掉的多得多 答案是 C 35 Mr Smith owns collection of coins than anyone else I have ever met 2005 山东 A larger B a larger C the larger D a large 解析 由 than 可知要用比较级 排除选项 D 又因 collection 收藏品 是可数名词 此处为单数又不是 特指 要用不定冠词 a 答案是 B 36 The number of people present at the concert was than expected There were many ticket left 2004 福建 A much smaller B much more C much larger D many more 解析 因为主语是 去参加音乐会的人的数量 而数量是讲大小 而不是多少的 排除 B 和 D 又由 后文还 有很多票剩下 可见参加音乐会的人比原来预计的要少 所以选 A 答案是 A 37 I have worked with him for some time and have found that he is than John 2004 上海春 A more efficiently a worker B a more efficient worker C more an efficient worker D a worker more efficient 解析 形容词 efficient 作定语应当是在名词 work 前冠词 a 后 efficient 的比较级当然是在其前面加 more 答案是 B 38 Although Linda tried hard in the exam she did than her brother 2000 上海春 A more badly B much better C much badly D much worse 解析 由 than 可知用比较级 排除选项 C badly 的比较级是 worse 而不是在前面加 more 排除选 项 A 由 although 虽然 但是 可知 她比她兄弟考得差 排除选项 B 答案是 D 39 This year they have produced grain they did last year 1989 全国 A as less as B as few as C less than D fewer than 解析 因 as as 之间要用原级 排除 A 又因 grain 是不可数名词 而 few 是要放在复数可数名词前 的 排除 B 和 D 答案是 C 6 隐含式比较级 有时省略或不点明被比较的对象 而是通过语境来暗示被比较的对象 40 I wish you d do talking and some more work Thus things will become better 2006 江苏 A a bit less B any less C much more D a little more 解析 由 more work 和后面一句可知前面是 less talking 排除 C 和 D 这是肯定句 修饰比较级不用 any 用 a bit 与 some 相对应 答案是 A 41 I don t think this film is by far the