湖北省黄石市2014高考英语 阅读理解训练题（9）

1 湖北省黄石市湖北省黄石市 20142014 高考英语阅读理解训练题 高考英语阅读理解训练题 9 9 及答案 及答案 Four out of ten women who diet end up heavier than when they started watching their waistline 腰围 a study revealed today The research also showed that a large percentage of women started noticing the pounds creeping back on just 21 days after reaching their ideal weight Yesterday Dr Ian Campbell of the Jenny Craig Weight Management Program said In the UK 61 4 per cent of adults are overweight or obese Successful weight management requires a long term commitment in order to lose weight successfully and for good Dieting can be a real challenge so setting realistic goals and remaining focused on them is important Otherwise as this research shows women could end up heavier than when they started The Food Body Mind report was publicized by Jenny Craig who quizzed 2 000 women aged between 18 and 65 who diet regularly on their attitudes beliefs and behaviors around weight loss Six in ten said they were on a diet then and one in five women said they were on a continuous diet It found the most common triggers to start dieting was seeing their reflection in the mirror preparing for a summer holiday or unflattering photos posted on social networking sites Other popular reasons include comments by friends or relatives or their other half However the study showed that one in ten give up within one day while almost a fifth manage to make it to a week or more The average is ten days Many blamed pressure they put on themselves to lose weight too quickly for the weight gain which leaves them with a bigger appetite than normal Others blamed colleagues who tuck into fatty lunches and snacks unaware of the effect it has on the dieter while mothers polishing off their children s leftovers 剩饭 was another common cause of weight gain 11 Which of the following might be the best title for this article A Three reasons to fail in dieting B Important things for successful diet C Obesity a problem for 61 4 adults in the UK D Four in ten women gain weight on diets 12 Women who go on a diet 2 A are all overweight or obese B are likely to gain weight again after reaching their ideal weight C all fail because they are not persistent enough D all end up heavier than when they start to diet 13 The underlined word triggers in Paragraph 4 probably means A effects B examples C causes D imagination 14 Which of the following is NOT the reason that many people quit dieting very soon A The pressure they put on themselves to lose weight quickly B Colleagues who give them fatty lunches and snacks C Reflections they see in the mirror D Leftovers of children s taken by their mothers 15 In which column of the newspaper do you probably find the passage A Health B Economy C Sports D Education 二 本文为新闻 报道了最新的研究发现 靠节食减肥的女人在停止节食后又会出现增肥的 现象 11 D 主旨大意题 本文为新闻 报道最新的研究发现 而该文的导语是第一段第一 句 故根据 Four out of ten women who diet end up heavier than when they started watching their waistline 可知选 D 12 B 细节理解题 根据第一段所介绍的研究结果可知 靠节食减肥的女人在达到她 们的理想体重以后有可能出现反弹现象 即有可能重新增肥 故选 B 13 C 词义猜测题 根据第四段 Other popular reasons include comments by friends or relatives or their other half 可推断画线词即为 reasons 的近义词 故选 C 14 C 细节理解题 此题可采用排除法 A 项符合最后一段 Many blamed pressure they put on themselves to lose weight too quickly for the weight gain which leaves them with a bigger appetite than normal B 项符合最后一段 Others blamed colleagues who tuck into fatty lunches and snacks unaware of the effect it has on the dieter D 项符合最后一段 mothers who polish off their children s leftovers 剩饭 was another common cause of weight gain 由此判断余下的 C 项不符合 文意 故选 C 3 15 A 推理判断题 本文的话题是 靠节食减肥的女人在停止节食后又出现增肥现象 此话题属健康范畴 故选 A 结束 社会生活型阅读理解 二 一 Someday a stranger will read your e mail without your permission or scan the websites you ve visited Or perhaps someone will casually glance through your credit card purchases or cell phone bills to find out your shopping preferences or calling habits In fact it s likely that some of these things have already happened to you Who would watch you without your permission It might be a girlfriend a marketing company a boss a policeman or a criminal Whoever it is they will see you in a way you never intended to be seen the 21st century equal to being caught naked 裸露的 Psychologists tell us boundaries are healthy though it s important to reveal 透露 yourself to friends family and lovers in stages at appropriate times Actually few boundaries remain The digital breadcrumbs 面包屑 you leave everywhere make it easy for strangers to reconstruct who you are where you are and what you like In some cases a simple Google search can reveal what you think Like it or not increasingly we live in a world where you simply cannot keep a secret The key question is Does that matter For many Americans the answer apparently is no When opinion polls ask Americans about privacy most say they are concerned about losing it A survey found a majority of people are pessimistic about privacy with 60 percent of respondents saying they feel their privacy is slipping away and that bothers me But people say one thing and do another Only a small part of Americans change any behavior in an effort to preserve their privacy Few people turn down a discount at tollbooths 收费亭 to avoid using the EZ Pass system that contracts 跟踪 automobile movements And few turn down supermarket loyalty cards Privacy economist Alessandro Acquits has run a series of tests that reveal people will submit personal information like Social Security numbers just to get their hands on a pitiful 50 cent off coupon 优惠券 4 But privacy does matter at least sometimes It s like health when you have it you don t notice it Only when it s gone do you wish you d done more to protect it 1 From Paragraph 2 we can infer A criminals are easily caught on the spot with advanced technology B people tend to be more frank with each other in the information age C in the 21st century people try every means to look into others secrets D people s personal information is easily accessed without their knowledge 2 What would psychologists advise on the relationships between friends A There should be a distance even between friends B There should be fewer quarrels between friends C Friends should always be faithful to each other D Friends should open their hearts to each other 3 Why does the author say we live in a world where you simply cannot keep a secret A There are always people who are curious about other s affairs B Many search engines profit by revealing people s identities C People leave traces around when using modern technology D Modern society has finally developed into an open society 4 What do most Americans do with regard to privacy protection A They change behavior that might disclose their identity B They talk a lot but hardly do anything about it C They rely more and more on electronic equipment D They use various loyalty cards for business deals 5 According to the passage privacy is like health in that A its importance is rarely understood B it is something that can easily be lost C people will make every effort to keep it D people don t treasure it until they lose it 一 主要论述在当今信息时代 个人信息因受他人窃取 而影响到私人空间 5 1 D 推理判断题 第二段提到 有谁会不经过你的许可就会注视着你呢 可能是女朋 友 营销公司 老板 警察或者是罪犯 无论他是谁 他们都会以你从来没有意想到的方式 看着你 而注视你的人自然能获取你的个人信息 故可推断 人们的个人信息很容易在他们 不知晓的情况下被他人获取 故选 D 2 A 细节理解题 第三段 Psychologists tell us boundaries are healthy though it s important to reveal 透露 yourself to friends family and lovers in stages at appropriate times 提到 尽管在适当的时候向朋友 家人或爱人坦诚自己是 重要的 但分界线是重要的 即 人与人之间还应该有适当的距离 由此判断选 A 其他选 项不符合文意 3 C 推理判断题 根据第三段可知 作者认为 与朋友之间应该有适当的距离 但实 际上这种距离很少存在 因为你留下的电子面包屑 即电子痕迹 使陌生人很容易窃取你的个 人资料 所以作者说 不管你喜欢或不喜欢 我们愈加生活在一个不能保密的世界里 故选 C 其他选项不符合文意 4 B 细节理解题 根据 When opinion polls ask Americans about privacy most say they are concerned about losing it A survey found a majority of people are pessimistic about privacy with 60 percent of respondents saying they feel their privacy is slipping away and that bothers me 可知 大多数美国人希望保留私人 空间 但根据 But people say one thing and do another Only a small part of Americans change any behavior in an effort to preserve their privacy 可知 他们 对保护私人空间做得少 故选 B 5 D 细节理解题 根据最后一段 But privacy does matter at least sometimes It s like health when you have it you don t notice it Only when it s gone do you wish you d done more to protect it 可知 私人空间如同健康一样 拥有的时候不注意 失去的时候才觉得珍惜 由此判断选 D 结束 Pushy parents and teachers who hothouse the under 5s risk causing damage to the children s long term development a leading educationexpert said Lilian Katz Professor of Education at the University of Illinois said that four year olds engaged in reading and writing went on to perform worse academiclly than those engaged in imaginative learning They scored higher in 6 tests at the age of 5 but children whose first year at school was stimulating outstripped them four years later The findings show that the government s structured approach to early years learning could be storing up problems for children They also raise serious questions about the plan for all children to be able to read by the age of 6 In many countries formal teaching does not start until children are 6 or 7 and have improved their social and manual skills Children start learning to read and write at 6 in the United States France and Germany and at 7 in Finland and Sweden Professor Katz said that in many schools the courses were boring children to tears Much academic teaching required children to learn by memorizing pieces of information out of context she said Teaching in reception class should instead allow children to develop their intellect by exploring their environments and asking questions Research suggests the benefits of formal academic insturction for four and five year olds seem to be promising when they are tested early but considerably less so in the long term When these children are followed over a period of three or more years those who had early experience in more intellectually engaging curricula were more likely to do well in school than their peers who had received early academic instruction She avocates teaching children through first hand experience and play in mixed aged classes This can include puppet shows drawing or running a pretend shop in the classroom 13 According to the passage those who hothouse the under 5s would probably A perform worse in reading and writing B teach in a lively way to motivate kids interest C develop the kids intellect by asking questions 7 D push the kids to memorize pieces of information 14 What does the underlined word outstripped in Paragraph 2 mean A did better than B looked down upon C caught up with D performed worse than 15 According to Lilian Katz the government s structured approach to early years learning A is necessary for improving children s reading and writing ability B willbenefit children in the long term C will cause problems to children in their future learning D has more advantages than disadvantages 16 The author delivers a message that formal teaching A can start at different times in different countries B should first develop children s reading and writing skills C is best carried out in Finland and Sweden D should not be started too early 13 16 DAC D 结束 There is a growing problem of what to do with electronic waste such as old televisions computers radios cellular telephones and other electronic equipment Electronic trash or e waste is piling up faster than ever in American homes and businesses People do not know what to do with old televisions or computers so they throw them in the trash National Solid Wastes Management Association NSWMA state programs director Chaz Miller says the large amount of electronic waste Americans produce is not unexpected The US Environmental Protection Agency EPA estimates more than 400 million consumer electronic items are dumped each year and there is a push by more 8 states to ban the waste from landfills 垃圾填埋场 and create recycling programs They can be torn apart and sorted for useable parts Mike Fannon who runs the plant in Baltimore says There are a lot of valuable metals that can be recovered and reused instead of just putting them in the landfill and in certain components there are some materials that should not really be in the landfill Fannon explains Fannon says nearly 20 p