广东省湛江市2020届高三英语上学期9月调研试题（含解析）

1 广东省湛江市广东省湛江市 20202020 届高三英语上学期届高三英语上学期 9 9 月调研试题 含解析 月调研试题 含解析 注意事项 注意事项 1 1 因测试不考听力 试卷从第二部分的因测试不考听力 试卷从第二部分的 阅读理解阅读理解 开始 试题序号从开始 试题序号从 21 21 开始 开始 2 2 全部答案在答题卡上完成全部答案在答题卡上完成 答在本试卷上无效 答在本试卷上无效 3 3 回答选择题时 选出每小题答案后 用回答选择题时 选出每小题答案后 用 2b2b 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑 如铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑 如 需改动 用橡皮擦干净后 再选涂其他答案标号 回答非选择题时 将答案用需改动 用橡皮擦干净后 再选涂其他答案标号 回答非选择题时 将答案用 0 5mm0 5mm 黑色笔黑色笔 迹签字笔写在答题卡上 迹签字笔写在答题卡上 4 4 考试结束后 将本试卷和答题卡一并交回 考试结束后 将本试卷和答题卡一并交回 第二部分阅读理解 共两节 满分第二部分阅读理解 共两节 满分 4040 分 分 第一节 共第一节 共 1515 小题小题 每小题每小题 2 2 分 满分分 满分 3030 分 分 阅读下列短文 从每题所给的阅读下列短文 从每题所给的 a a b b c c 和和 d d 四个选项中 选出最佳选项 四个选项中 选出最佳选项 a a it is true that summer is hot but here is something to make your day easier are you prepared meet the new airfreez an alternative to traditional air conditioners that cools you just the same howhow doesdoes itit work work it is surprisingly easy to set up you just need to plug it into a socket 插座 or any usb port it uses so little energy that it can even run off of a phone or laptop battery once you have done that simply fill it with 20oz 0 6l of cold tap water now just press the power button and the instant cool air is here whatwhat isis soso specialspecial aboutabout thisthis littlelittle box box it is no larger than a lunchbox it can be powered by a pocket solar panel 电池板 or battery pack and you probably have the world s first and most portable ac unit bad sleepers are putting the airfreez next to their beds at night the relaxing blow of cool clean air the comforting soft night light and the quiet create the perfect sleeping conditions the price is just amazing most ac units cost at least 300 and you have 2 to pay more to cover the expensive electricity bills each month airfreez costs less than 100 actually 53 if you buy more than one here toptop tipstips to make your air even cooler add a bottle of cold tap water from your refrigerator or even ice for a beautiful relaxing atmosphere add a few drops of fragrant oils to the water 1 which is necessary to get airfreez to work a a socket b a phone battery c a laptop and hot watend cold water and power supply 2 how much do two sets of airfreez cost a 106 b 200 c 300 d 600 3 how can a user of airfreez get cooler air a by adding ice into the machine b by putting it closer to one s bed c by filling the machine with tap water d by adding a few drops of special oils 答案 1 d 2 a 3 a 解析 本文是一篇应用文 介绍了制冷小能手 airfreez 的相关信息 1 题详解 细节理解题 根据 howhow doesdoes itit work work 部分中的 you just need to plug it into a socket 插座 or any usb port it uses so little energy that it can even run off of a phone or laptop battery 及 once you have done that simply fill it with 20oz 0 6l of cold tap water 可知 让 airfreez 工作只需冷水和电源 故 d 项 正确 2 题详解 细节理解题 根据 whatwhat isis soso specialspecial aboutabout thisthis littlelittle box box 部分中的 airfreez costs less than 100 actually 53 if you buy more than one here 可知 购买 3 两台或两台以上 airfreez 只需每台花 53 美元 所以买两台需付 106 美元 故 a 项正确 3 题详解 细节理解题 根据 toptop tipstips 部分中的部分中的 to make your air even cooler add a bottle of cold tap water from your refrigerator or even ice 可知 用 airfreez 获得更凉 爽的空气需要往机器里放一些冰 故 a 项正确 b b vacation in the u s usually means slower days and no school teachers know however that vacation means students will likely fall behind and forget things they learned during the year simon vanderpool a special education teacher in lexington kentucky decided to do something about it he started a program called books and barbers children go to the barber choose a book and read out loud while the barber cuts their hair the child gets a sticker and can take the book home and there is an added bonus money the kids get paid to read vanderpool says barber shops are places where kids can feel comfortable once a student feels comfortable that s whenever the brain opens up and that they are able to start focusing on nothing but learning amir shalash owns a barber shop but he is doing more than cutting children s hair he is listening to them read and helping them with their reading most of the children getting haircuts at barber shops are boys vanderpool s idea was to do more than just help them with reading and money the teacher wants to help kids who are growing up in a home without a father liike he did also i created the program in order to provide a positive mentor 指导者 for the kids that go into the barber shop and are able to have someone that they can rely on and they can trust in and just build a bond between the two of them shalash says he and his fellow barbers like being mentors the biggest thing is that we try to influence as many kids as we can and that was my whole intention of it 4 why did simon vanderpool start books and barbers 4 a to help children kill time b to bring children a fruitful vacation c to reduce teachers pressure from work d to improve children s communication skills 5 what makes a barber shop suitable for books and barbers program a its collection of books b its quiet atmosphere c its relaxing environment d its friendly barbers 6 what is amir shalash s purpose of taking part in the program a to offer valuable guidance to children b to show the importance of bonding c to tell the necessity of trusting people d to influence his fellow barbers positively 7 what is the best title for the text a what it takes to be a good barber b what to expect during the vacation c how important reading is to children d how a haircut is helping students read 答案 4 b 5 c 6 a 7 d 解析 分析 本文是一篇记叙文 讲述了 simon vanderpool 把理发和阅读结合起来 创办图书和理发店 项目以给孩子们带来一个富有成效的假期 4 题详解 细节理解题 根据第一段中的 however that vacation means students will likely fall behind and forget things they learned during the year 可知 孩子们在假期 可能会忘掉所学的东西 学习退步 所以 simon vanderpool 创办图书和理发店项目是要给 孩子们带来一个富有成效的假期 故 b 项正确 5 题详解 5 细节理解题 根据第三段中的 vanderpool says barber shops are places where kids can feel comfortable once a student feels comfortable that s whenever the brain opens up and that they are able to start focusing on nothing but learning 可知 理发店是孩子们感到舒适的地方 一旦他们感到舒适 他们就可以开始 专注于学习 由此可知 放松的环境使理发店适合图书和理发店项目 故 c 项正确 6 题详解 细节理解题 根据第三段中的 amir shalash owns a barber shop but he is doing more than cutting children s hair he is listening to them read and helping them with their reading 可知 amir shalash 拥有这样的一家理发店 但他所做的不仅 仅是给孩子们剪头发 他在听他们阅读 帮助他们阅读 由此可知 amir shalash 参加这个 项目的目的是给孩子提供有价值的指导 故 a 项正确 7 题详解 主旨大意题 通读全文可知 本文主要讲述的是 simon vanderpool 把理发和阅读结合起来 创办图书和理发店项目以给孩子们带来一个富有成效的假期 故 d 项 理发如何帮助学生阅 读 作标题最能概括出文章内容 点睛 文章标题形式的主旨大意题难度较大 要具有高度的概括性 例如本篇第 4 题 通 读全文可知 本文主要讲述了 simon vanderpool 把理发和阅读结合起来 创办图书和理发 店项目以给孩子们带来一个富有成效的假期 因此标题一定要体现出 理发 和 阅读 两 方面 故 d 项 理发如何帮助学生阅读 作标题最能体现出文章内容 c c whales like all mammals 哺乳动物 need air and come to the surface to breathe through a blowhole a drone 无人机 that floats over the blowholes of humpback whales as they are making annual journey along australia s east coast is being used by australian scientists for collecting nasal mucus 鼻腔粘液 of whales vanessa pirotta a biologist at macquarie university says that nasal mucus indicates the health of the whale it is the biological mixture that you see as a whale takes a breath as it surfaces from the water she said you can hear sounds of sharp breaths as a whale breathes because after all they are 6 animals like you and i so as they take a breath it is a lot of lung bacteria coming out from their lungs which we can collect to provide a brief idea of whale health australian researchers have attached a special dish that is used in scientific tests to a drone which flies through the whale s nasal mist as a whale comes to take a breath you can actually see it coming to the surface on really good weather days the drone then lowers the dish is then opened collecting nasal mucus for later research the research could help to solve one of the secrets of another impressive creature of the deep the southern right whale its numbers have recovered on australia s west coast since hunting became suppressed but its population on the eastern seaboard remains stubbornly low in the past studies into whale health had to rely on examining whales that were either killed or those whales that had been trapped on a beach drones allow scientists to collect nasal mucus from free swimming whales to gather information in a safe way 8 what is the drone mainly used to do a to gather information for researchers b to record new species of whales c to guarantee the safety of whales d to take photos of whales annual journey 9 how can a biologist find out a whale s health condition in the study a by examining liquids from its breath b by checking its lungs on a machine c by listening to the sounds of its breath d by studying its similarity with humans 10 what does the underlined word suppressed in paragraph 4 mean a commercial b rewarding c hidden d forbidden 7 11 why is the southern right whale mentioned a to describe the difficulty to track it b to show the increasing population c to stress the urgency of doing the research d to indicate the potential application of the research 答案 8 a 9 a 10 d 11 d 解析 分析 本文是一篇说明文 介绍了科学家利用无人机来收集鲸鱼的鼻腔粘液以了解它们的健康状况 8 题详解 细节理解题 根据第一段中的 a drone 无人机 that floats over the blowholes of humpback whales as they are making annual journey along australia s east coast is being used by australian scientists for collecting nasal mucus 鼻腔粘液 of whales 可知 无人机是用来收集鲸鱼的鼻腔粘液的 也就是为研究人员收集信息 故 a 项正确 9 题详解 细节理解题 根据第二段中的 vanessa pirotta a biologist at macquarie university says that nasal mucus indicates the health of the whale 可知 鼻腔粘液能够反映 出鲸鱼的健康情况 由此可知 生物学家在研究中是通过检查鲸鱼呼出的粘液来了解鲸鱼的 健康状况的 故 a 项正确 10 题详解 词义猜测题 根据画线词前的 its numbers have recovered on australia s west coast since hunting became 可知 自捕猎活动受到禁止以来 澳大利亚西海岸的南露脊鲸数量 已经开始回升 南露脊鲸数量的回升得益于禁止非法捕猎 由此可知画线词词义为 禁止 故 d 项正确 11 题详解 推理判断题 根据倒数第二段中的 but its population on the eastern seaboard remains stubbornly low 可知 东部沿海的南露脊鲸的数量仍然很低 言外之意 可以 利用这项研究来弄清楚东部沿海的南露脊鲸的数量低的原因 由此可知 文章提到南露脊鲸 8 是为了指出这项研究的潜在应用 故 d 项正确 点睛 词义猜测题的难度较大 对画线词上下文的理解是关键 例如本篇第 3 题 根据画 线词前的 its numbers have recovered on australia s west coast since hunting became 可知 自捕猎活动受到禁止以来 澳大利亚西海岸的鲸鱼数量已经开始回升 根据 常识可知 一个物种数量的回升得益于禁止非法捕猎 由此可知画线词词义为 禁止 故 d 项正确 d d google previously announced successful tests of machine learning systems designed to assist doctors in one case google reported ai had examined eye diseases with equal accuracy to doctors other tests showed that machine learning can be used to study large amounts of patient data to predict future medical events now the company has published two new studies showing a high level of success in identifying metastatic breast cancer metastatic means that cancer has spread from its main area to other parts of the body metastatic breast cancer is one of the deadliest causing about 90 percent of all breast cancer deaths worldwide in metastatic breast cancer patients the cancer often travels to nearby lymph nodes 淋巴结 usually doctors examine lymph node tissue under a microscope to see whether cncer is present google notes that previous studies have shown that up to one fourth of metastatic lymph node classifications end up being changed after a second examination in addition studies show that small metastatic material can be missed up to 67 percent of the time when examinations happen under extreme time restrictions google says it created a mathematical algorithm 算法 the algorithm called lymph node assistant is trained to find characteristics of tissue affected by metastatic cancer when the system examined tissue images 图像 it was able to differentiate between metastatic cancer and non cancer 99 percent of the time in addition the lymph node 9 assistant is highly effective at finding the positions of the cancers some of these positions would be too small for doctors themselves to identify the research also showed that the algorithm method can reduce the usual time needed to examine the disease by about 50 percent but google makes clear the al based system is not meant to replace the work of medical professionals instead it is designed to reduce the number of false identifications and help doctors work faster and more effectively 12 what is the main idea of paragraph 1 a google became a pioneer in training doctors b machine learning is able to stop future medical events c google developed artificial intelligence to help doctors d artificial intelligence cured eye diseases with equal accuracy to doctors 13 what can we infer about metastatic breast cancer a one fourth of the metastatic breast cancer patients die in the end b metastatic breast cancer is very difficult to identify c it results in 90 percent of deaths of all cancers d it can be identified after a second examination 14 what is the advantage of google s new mathematical algorithm a it can offer effective treatment b it can tell the exact positions of cancers c it costs 99 percent less time than before d it improves the accuracy of identifying cancers by 50 15 what influence will the mathematical algorithm bring a false identification of cancers will be avoided b more effective prevention of cancers will be found c the number of medical professionals will be reduced d doctors can have a faster understanding of patients condition 答案 12 c 13 b 14 b 15 d 解析 10 本文是一篇说明文 介绍了谷歌开发了人工智能来帮助医生更准确地识别转移性乳腺癌 12 题详解 主旨大意题 根据第一段内容 特别是 google previously announced successful tests of machine learning systems designed to assist doctors 可知 本段主要介绍了谷 歌开发了人工智能来帮助医生 故 c 项正确 13 题详解 推理判断题 根据第三段中的 google notes that previous studies have shown that up to one fourth of metastatic lymph node classifications end up being changed after a second examination in addition studies show that small metastatic material can be missed up to 67 percent of the time when examinations happen under extreme time restrictions 可知 以前的研究表明 多达四分之一的转移性淋巴 结分类在第二次检查后会改变 此外 研究表明 在极端的时间限制下进行检查时 小的转 移性乳腺癌可以漏诊高达 67 也就是说转移性乳腺癌很难鉴别 故 b 项正确 14 题详解 细节理解题 根据第四段中的 in addition the lymph node assistant is highly effective at finding the positions of the cancers 可知 谷歌研发的新算法在发现 癌变位置方面非常有效 由此可知 它的优点是能识别癌变的确切位置 故 b 项正确 15 题详解 细节理解题 根据最后一段中的 instead it is designed to reduce the number of false identifications and help doctors work faster and more effectively 可知 这种新算法旨在减少误诊的数量 帮助医生更快更有效地工作 由此可知 通过这种新算法 医生可以更快地了解病人的病情 故 d 项正确 第二节 共第二节 共 5 5 小题小题 每小题每小题 2 2 分 满分分 满分 ioio 分 分 根据短文内容 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项 选项中有两项为多余选项 根据短文内容 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项 选项中有两项为多余选项 why ultra pure 超高纯的 water is actually bad for your health many people are surprised to hear that drinking purified water on a regular daily basis is actually dangerous so why is 100 ultra pure water not good for us 16 there is no such thing as truly pure water in the natural world 11 17 when these minerals dissolve 溶解 in water they form what we commonly refer to as electrolytes 电解质 they allow us to perform all the bioelectrical functions such as moving heart beating thinking and seeing but pure water fails to provide these fundamental electrolytes 18 you can think of it this way imagine a room with no gravity split in half down the middle you throw a couple hundred balls into the left side of the room 19 but if you cut a bunch of holes in the barrier they will slowly start to spread over to the right side eventually they will be evenly distributed across the entire room the water in your organs stays at very specific levels of minerals when you drink ultra purified water it pulls the minerals out of your blood just like the right side of the space room pulled some of the bouncy balls over from the left 20 purified water can only be recommended as a way of drawing poisons out of the body once this is accomplished the continued drinking of purified water is a bad idea a purified water is an active absorber b since there s no gravity they bounce around everywhere c it actually tries to rob your body of them when you drink it d even water in the purest lakes contains small amounts of minerals e if you drank enough of it the lack of minerals would eventually kill you f the simple answer is that ultra pure water doesn t provide the natural minerals we need g this is why materials tend to move from more concentrated areas to less concentrated ones 答案 16 f 17 d 18 c 19 b 20 e 解析 本文是一篇说明文 介绍了为什么喝超纯水会对身体造成危害 12 16 题详解 空前 so why is 100 ultra pure water not good for us 提到了一个问题 为什 么超纯水对我们没有好处 此处是对这个问题的回答 故 f 项 简单的答案是 超纯水不能 提供我们需要的天然矿物质 符合语境 17 题详解 根据空前的 there is no such thing as truly pure water in the natural world 可 知 自然界中没有真正纯净的水 此处是对前面的补充说明 故 d 项 即使在最纯净的湖泊 里 水也含有少量的矿物质 符合语境 18 题详解 根据空前的 but pure water fails to provide these fundamental electrolytes 可 知 高纯水不能提供这些基本的电解质 此处承接上文 讲的是高纯水对体内电解质的危害 故 c 项 当你喝高纯水的时候 实际上它会把你体内的电解质夺走 符合语境 19 题详解 根据空前的 imagine a room with no gravity split in half down the middle you throw a couple hundred balls into the left side of the room 可知 想象一个没有 重力的房间 从中间一分为二 你把几百个球扔到房间的左边 此处承接上文 讲的是没有 重力的影响 故 b 项 因为没有重力 它们到处弹跳 符合语境 20 题详解 根据空前的 when you drink ultra purified water it pulls the minerals out of your blood 可知 当你喝超纯水时 它会把你血液中的矿物质排出体外 此处总结上文 说的是缺乏矿物质对身体的不利影响 故 e 项 如果你喝的足够多 矿物质的缺乏最终会杀 死你 符合语境 第三部分第三部分 语言知识运用 共两节 满分语言知识运用 共两节 满分 4545 分 分 第一节 共第一节 共 2020 小题海小题小题海小题 1 51 5 分 满分分 满分 3030 分 分 阅读下面短文 从短文后各题所给的阅读下面短文 从短文后各题所给的 a a b b c c 和和 d d 四个选项中 选出可以填入空白处的最佳四个选项中 选出可以填入空白处的最佳 选项 选项 after i made my 21 i walked back into the 22 i got in my car but had to wait to 23 because of all the cars 24 at the red stop light i looked out of my car window and saw something on the pavement a 13 single butterfly was wildly 25 its wings but not getting off the 26 it was right in front of a truck s 27 too without thinking i got out of my car held my hand up 28 the truck driver wouldn t move forward and bent down to look at the butterfly one of its legs was 29 in what looked like soda 苏打水 i reached down and 30 the butterfly as 31 as i could i lifted its 32 up and suddenly it was 33 i opened my 34 and up it flew towards the shining sun my own eyes shone brighter and my own heart felt 35 as i watched it now a lot of people might 36 why i would step out into traffic like that to 37 a single butterfly all i can say is that my heart was 38 me at that moment and when i was done i felt more like my true self than i