七年级英语寒假专题—易混词辨析湘教版知识精讲

初一英语初一英语寒假专题寒假专题 易混词辨析易混词辨析湘教版湘教版 本讲教育信息本讲教育信息 一 教学内容 寒假专题 易混词辨析 学习过程 一 名词部分 evening 与 morning 相对应 in the evening good evening night 与 day 相对应 at night good night 1 midnight 指夜里 12 时 午夜 at midnight class 是一个集体名词 指整体是 班级 全班 指个体 班级里的学生 This class is a good class The class are listening to the teacher 2 classmate 同班同学 All my classmates like playing computer games Miss 小姐 未婚 Mrs 夫人 指已婚女子 3 Mr 先生 阁下 China 国家名 中国 Chinese 中国人 汉语 做形容词指 中国人的 中国的 4 国名 America England France Italy 等 国籍 语言 American English French Italian family 指组成家庭的成员 是 家人 家族 一家 的意思 He has a family of three home 指家庭 包括家人 家居 家园 She left home at the age of sixteen 5 house 指家居 即建筑 He bought a big house clothes 总称 指各种衣服 I want to wash my clothes cloth 布 There is a piece of cloth on the table coat 大衣 外衣 dress 裙子 连衣裙 skirt 裙子 短裙子 shirt 衬衫 6 suit 一套衣服 people 是一个复数形式 指 人民 人们 不能指一个人 He lives for the people and dies for the people 7 man 通常指 男人 也指 人类 There are two men in the room 二 形容词 副词部分 fine 形容词 放在名词前修饰名词 表示 好的 还可用于问候时 fine weather I m fine nice 形容词 放在名词前修饰名词 表示 好的 a nice boy Nice to meet you good 形容词 放在名词前修饰名词 表示 好的 good news 1 well 做形容词时只能放在动词之后 表达 健康 妥善 的意思 用于问 候时 I feel well not 做副词 意思是 不 He is not a student 2 no 做形容词和副词 意思是 不 No one adj No it isn t adv short 表示 矮的 短的 tall 表示 高的 反义词是 short 3 long 表示 长的 反义词是 short old 表示 老的 反义词是 young 表示 旧的 反义词是 new new 表示 新的 4 young 表示 年轻的 小的 light 表示 轻的 反义词是 heavy 表示 浅色的 反义词是 dark dark 表示 深色的 5 heavy 表示 重的 沉的 many 表示 许多的 修饰可数名词 6 much 表示 许多的 修饰不可数名词 soon 表示 不久 很快 指时间上的短暂 是副词 He will come back soon fast 表示 快的 可做副词和形容词 指速度快 He runs fast 7 quick 表示 快的 迅速 形容词 指动作迅速 a quick move little 表示 几乎没有 很少 含有否定意义 修饰不可数名词 There is little water in the bottle I will buy some 8 few 表示 几乎没有 很少 含有否定意义 修饰可数名词 Few people like the cold expensive 表示 贵的 指价格上的 That s too expensive 9 dear 表示 贵的 指超过实际价值 Fruits are very dear at that time of a year interesting 表示 令人感兴趣的 表示物的特征 interested 表示 感兴趣的 表示人的心理 有词组 be interested in 10 类似的用法还有 excited exciting 等 lonely 形容词 表示 孤单 寂寞 的情绪 He is a very lonely boy 11 alone 形容词 只做表语 做副词 可修饰动词 表示 独自一人 But the children are not alone She is sitting in bed alone too 用于肯定句 一般在句尾 I am a student too also 用于肯定句 一般在句中 I am also a student 12 either 用于否定句 一般在句尾 I don t have one either 三 动词部分 study 表示 学习 还含有研究的意味 1 learn 表示 学习 have 表示 吃 还可以表示有 2 eat 表示 吃 like 表示 喜欢 一般用词 love 表示 喜欢 到了 热爱 的程度 3 enjoy 表示 喜欢 含有非常 享受 的意味 be sorry 表示 对不起 用于做错事 道歉 excuse 表示 对不起 打扰别人或与陌生人搭话 4 pardon 表示 对不起 没听清楚别人的话 请求重复一遍 look 看 看起来 的意思 不及物动词 look at look like see 看见 的意思 及物动词 5 watch 观看 的意思 sound 听起来 的意思 还可做名词 表示 声音 listen 听 的意思 listen to 6 hear 听见 的意思 bring 指将某物或某人从别处 带来 或 拿来 May I bring Tom to see you next Monday take 指将某物或某人从这里 带到 或 拿到 某处 Could you take it to the classroom 7 carry 指随身携带 不表示来去的方向 Can you carry the bag speak 说 常用来指人们对语言的使用或掌握 不强调说话的内容 They speak English and French say 说 及物动词 着重指说话的内容 Did you say anything talk 说 不及物动词 指连续的说话或与人交谈 8 tell 告诉 讲述 吩咐 buy 买 的意思 9 take 除表示 拿 带 等意思 也可用来表示 买 find 找到 发现 的意思 强调结果 10 look for 寻找 的意思 强调过程 can 能 可能 may 可以 或许 must 必须 一定 强调客观情况 have to 不得不 强调人的主观心理 11 need 既可做情态动词 又可做实义动词 need to do 表示 需要 必要 四 介词部分 in 用于年份 月份之前 另 in the morning afternoon evening on 用于具体的某天之前 如日期 星期等 at 具体的时间前 另在节日前 还有 at noon night 模拟试题模拟试题 I 单项选择 1 This is a girl name is Kate A She B Her C Its D His 2 I can see four on the table A cake B a cake C cakes D the cake 3 Mr Green has three Jim Jeff and Jean A sons B daughters C twins D children 4 Mum is my friend Li Lei Li Lei is my mother A he she B she he C this this D this that 5 What s that English I don t know A in B on C for D at 6 Jim Can you colour it red A Sorry B I m sorry C Excuse me D Thank you 7 Ann That bag yours A looks after B looks like C look like D looks 8 It s time for bed Please your shoes and clothes Tom A put on B look after C look at D take off 9 We can see a boy a girl a man in that room A or B but C too D and 10 Tom is brother A Lucy and Lily sB Lucy s and Lily C Lucy s and Lily sD Lucy and Lily II 选择正确的对话语序 11 Which woman Who s that woman She s my teacher The one on the red bike A B C D 12 No it isn t It s a jeep What s that Is it yours A B C D 13 Great Let s go and have a look What s in it Where s Tom There s a tree house there He s up there in the tree with Bill In the tree Why There s a small bed a table and a clock A B C D III 阅读理解 A My name is Ling Feng I am a Chinese boy At school I have a good friend Mike He is an English boy He is twelve but I am thirteen We are in No 5 Middle School We are in the same grade but we are in different 不同的 classes Mike s sister is not a student She is four His mother can look after her at home 根据短文内容 判断下列句子的正 T 误 F 14 Mike is Ling Feng s friend at school 15 Ling Feng and Mike have the same age 16 The two boys are in the same schools 17 Mike s sister is a student too 18 From this passage 从这篇短文中 we can know the mother s name B I have a good friend in my home It is a bird Its name is Polly It s three It is yellow and very beautiful 美丽 I play with it after school My classmates Ann and Kate often 时常 come to see it Polly sings 唱歌 every day I teach 教 it to sing the ABC Now it can sing the ABC I like it very much 根据短文内容 回答问题 19 Who is my friend A Polly B Ann C Mike D Kate 20 Is Polly a bird A No it is B No it isn t C Yes it is D Yes it isn t 21 How old is Polly A One B Five C Three D Four 22 Who teaches 教 Polly to sing the ABC A I do B You do C She does D He does 23 Where s Polly A It s a school B It s in my home C It s in the sky 天空 D It s in a tree C 24 Ann is A Lucy s motherB Sam s grandma C Mike s grandpaD Kate s daughter 25 We call 叫 Ann Brown now A Mrs Jim B Miss Ann C Miss Brown D Mrs Green 26 Kate is A Sam s mother B Lucy s father C Mike s sister D Mike s brother 27 There are people in Ann s family A four B six C eight D two 28 Sue is A Lucy s aunt B Jim s daughter C Kate s sister D Bill s sister IV 用所给词的适当形式填空 1 Li Lei be at school 2 There be some books on the desk 3 What s in Jim room 4 come and meet the family 5 Where be Lucy s shoes 6 Let s look at the map on the wall 7 Miss Gao is they teacher 8 It s time go to bed 9 Kate is a new student She s America 10 Where are your box V 用所给的疑问词 组 填空 what colour what how how old where who what class which how many what time 1 are you in I m in Class 1 2 are you I m 13 3 is one and two It s three 4 is the boy He s my brother 5 is Tom He s at home 6 are you I m fine 7 is it It s red 8 girl The one in the white hat 9 kites can you see Ten 10 is it It s a quarter to nine VI A 用所给词完成下列对话 每空一词 no sorry number speak this it A Hello May I 1 to Mr Liu B Mr Liu There is 2 Mr Liu here Who is