2012届高考英语 常考基本词汇讲解讲义系列（六）

用心 爱心 专心 1 20122012 届高考常考基本词汇讲解讲义系列 六 届高考常考基本词汇讲解讲义系列 六 重点单词详解重点单词详解 1 1 exposeexpose vt vt 常与常与 toto 连用连用 暴露 使暴露 使曝光 揭露暴露 使暴露 使曝光 揭露 expose 可以用于引申 表示 使受 危险 风险等 exposed 还常用作补足语 exposure n 暴露 揭露 1 You shouldn t the soldiers to unnecessary risks 你不该让士兵们冒不必 要的危险 2 Don t the film to light 不要把胶片曝光 3 The boy hid himself behind the curtain leaving his feet 男孩藏在窗帘后 面 露出双脚 答案 1 expose 2 expose 3 exposed 1 单项填空 Her youth and beauty will her to a lot of dangers A expose B expand C expect D explode 答案与解析 A expose 使暴露 常与 to 连用 题意 她的年轻美貌将使她面临许 多危险 expand 使膨胀 扩张 expect 期待 盼望 explode 爆炸 2 名校押题 How did she get infected Because she the viruses without any protection A had exposed to B exposed to C had exposed D had been exposed to 答案与解析 D be exposed to 暴露在 根据上文的 get infected 可知要用过 去完成时 2 2 remarkremark n n 谈论 评论 言论 评述谈论 评论 言论 评述 vt vt to 2 distributed among 3 were distributed into distribute distribute dividedivide 和和 assignassign 用法辨析用法辨析 distribute 侧重指 分配 分发 divide 强调把整体分成若干部分 常指平均分配 assign 指有权威的人根据一定的原则 计划把工作 任务分配给某人或把某人分派到某工作 岗位 1 用 distribute divide 和 assign 填空 1 All 25 cans of milk have been among the persons present 所有 25 听牛 奶都分给在场的人了 2 Even though I put up more capital than you let s the profits between us 虽然我比你多出了资本 我们还是平分利润吧 3 Two soldiers were to guard the gate 两名士兵被派去守卫大门 答案 1 distributed 2 divide 3 assigned 2 名校押题 The doctors the medicines to the people in the flood area A distinguished B distrusted C distributed D disturbed 答案与解析 C 题意 医生们向洪水灾区的人们发放药品 distinguish 区分 distrust 不信任 distribute 分发 disturb 打扰 6 6 imaginationimagination n n 想象想象 想象力想象力 have the imagination to do sth 有做某事的想象力 机智 catch one s imagination 吸引某人的兴趣 leave sth to sb s imagination 把某物留给某人去想象 imagine doing sth 想象做某事 imagine sb doing sth 想象某人做某事 imagine oneself to do sth 想象某人自己做某事 imagine that why what how 想象 1 Her talk of the whole class 她的谈话吸引了全班的同 学 2 I thought I heard her calling me 我在想象中彷佛 听到她在呼唤我 3 Can you what it would be like to live without electricity 你能想象出 生活中没有电会是一幅什么样的情景吗 4 She the office and telling everyone what she thought of them 她想象自己走进办公室 对每个人都说出自己对他们的看法 答案 1 caught the imagination 2 In my imagination 3 imagine 4 imagined walking into 用心 爱心 专心 4 1 用 imagination 的适当的形式填空 1 Is it my or have you lost a lot of weight 2 Their policies have really caught the public s 3 I can t living anywhere but England 4 Can you yourself to live with such a boring man 答案 1 imagination 2 imagination 3 imagine 4 imagine 2 名校押题 No one can imagine the difficulty he had his son to get rid of the habit of playing computer games A persuaded B to persuade C persuading D persuade 答案与解析 C 考查动词词组的用法 Have difficulty in doing sth 做某事 有困难 he had 作 difficulty 的后置定语 题意 没人能想象得出他在说服他的儿子摆脱 玩电脑游戏的习惯时所遇到的困难 7 7 LeaveLeave vivi left 2 left me waiting 3 leaving school 4 left out leaveleave 和和 forgetforget 用法辨析 用法辨析 leave 和 forget 两者都可以表示 遗忘 区别是 leave 一般和表示地点的状语连用 而 forget 不能和表示地点的状语连用 1 用 leave 的相关短语填空 1 He and a lot of things undone 2 Tomorrow I m Tianjin 3 The couple were both abroad on business They their son 4 I m not feeling well so I want to 答案 1 left left 2 leaving for 3 left alone 4 ask for a leave 2 名校押题 By the time Jane gets home her aunt for London to attend a meeting A will leave B leaves C will have left D left 答案与解析 C 考查动词时态 题意 到 Jane 回到家的时候 她婶婶可能已经去 用心 爱心 专心 5 London 参加会议了 由前面分句可知 主句要使用将来完成时态 8 8 purposepurpose n n 目的 意图 效果 结果目的 意图 效果 结果 for the purpose aim of 为的是 为了 起见 为了 目的 on purpose 故意 有意地 with the purpose of 目的是 带着 的目的 1 He has been annoying me and I think he is doing it 他一直让我 很烦 我想他是故意那样做的 2 I met him telling him the news 我是为了告 诉他这个消息才见他的 3 We have found a meeting place that will serve our 我们找到了一个很合 适的会址 4 Our campaign s main is to raise money 我们这次活动的主要目的就是筹款 答案 1 on purpose 2 for the purpose of 3 purpose 4 purpose 知识拓展 by design 故意地 by accident 偶然地 无意地 by chance 偶然地 意外地 1 用 purpose 的相关短语填空 1 Did you come to London seeing your family or for the business purpose 2 She seems to do these things 3 He went to town buying a new television 答案 1 for the purpose of 2 on purpose 3 with the purpose of 2 名校押题 They pulled down the old buildings for the of making room for the newly built motorway A purpose B meaning C face D use 答案与解析 A 考查常用词组 题意 为了给新建的机动车道腾出地方 他们推倒了 那些旧的建筑 For the purpose of 为了 目的 是固定短语 9 9 ValuableValuable adjadj 贵重的 值钱的 有价值的贵重的 值钱的 有价值的 value n 价值 重要性 v 评价 估价 尊重 重视 values n 价值观 invaluable adj 非常宝贵的 valueless adj 无价值的 be of great value 有巨大价值 value sth at 估计值多少钱 1 Don t lose this ring it s very 别把戒指弄丢了 这戒指特别贵重 2 While it is for children to have individual responsibilities it is also good to share jobs with them 让孩子们负起个人的责任固然重要 而和他们共同完 成任务也很好 3 You ll find this map in helping you to get around London 你会发现这 张地图对帮助你在伦敦四处游览大有用处 4 It is to get angry over such a trifle 不值得为这点小事生气 用心 爱心 专心 6 答案 1 valuable 2 valuable 3 valuable 4 valueless 1 用 value 的相关短语填空 1 Joyce gave us a lot of advice when we first started the company 2 The book will to the students of English 3 I my friendship with my classmates more than anything else 4 At only 45 a night the hotel 答案 1 valuable 2 be of great value 3 valued 4 is great value for money 2 名校押题 The twelve animal head statues are for they are our national art treasures A valueless B invaluable C worthless D useful 答案与解析 B 考查形容词词义辨析 题意 十二生肖头像非常珍贵 因为它们是我 们国家的艺术瑰宝 Valueless 无价值的 invaluable 非常珍贵的 worthless 无价值的 毫无意义的 useful 有用的 1010 mercymercy n n 怜悯 宽恕 仁慈怜悯 宽恕 仁慈 have mercy on sb 同情某人 show mercy to sb 对某人表示怜悯 at the mercy of 任由 的摆布 beg mercy of sb 祈求某人宽恕 1 We were the weather 我们拿天气毫无办法 2 The passer by the poor boy 过路人对这个可 怜的男孩一点都不同情 3 We should punish the criminals 我们应毫不留情地惩罚罪犯 4 He the king 他祈求国王的宽恕 答案 1 at the mercy of 2 showed no mercy to 3 without mercy 4 begged mercy of 1 用 mercy 的相关短语填空 1 The rich the poor 2 The king and killed all the people 3 They were lost at the sea the storm 4 The play was very bad but it was also short 答案 1 have no mercy on 2 showed no mercy 3 at the mercy of 4 mercifully 2 名校押题 Until the start of the Industrial Revolution mankind was poor hungry and constantly at the of disease and natural disasters A power B limit C control D mercy 答案与解析 D 考查词组辨析 题意 直到工业革命时 人类都很贫穷 饥饿 而且 一直处于疾病和自然灾难的摆布之下 at the mercy of 任由 的摆布 重点短语详解重点短语详解 1 1 inin a a wayway 在某种程度上在某种程度上 in the way 挡道 妨碍别人 in this way 用这种方法 all the way 一路上 自始至终 用心 爱心 专心 7 on the way 在路上 by the way 顺便说 1 you could say that everybody is selfish a little 在某种意义上 你可以说每个人都是有点自私的 2 I would prefer that they didn t come because it would mean extra work 在某种程度上我不希望他们来 因为这将意味着额外的工作 答案 1 In a way 2 In a way 1 用 way 短语填空 1 The grass land goes back to the foot of the mountain 2 would you please send these postcards for me on the way 3 he finally completed the whole distance in 40 hours 答案 1 all the way 2 By the way 3 In this way 2 名校押题 Hearing the good news the little girls ran home A in the way B on the way C by the way D all her way 答案与解析 D run all the way home 一直跑回家 2 2 comecome acrossacross 遇到 碰见遇到 碰见 come about 发生 引起 come out 出版 出来 come to 来到 合计 总共是 苏醒过来 come to an end 结束 come up with 赶上 提出 1 I in Oxford Street this morning 今天早上我在牛津大街碰见一位老校友 2 Perhaps I shall somewhere in the park 也许我会在公 园的某个地方遇到他 3 You are the most direct young man 你是我 所遇见的最直率的年轻人 答案 1 came across an old school friend 2 come across him 3 I ve ever come across 1 完成句子 1 你怎么两天后才告诉他这件事情呢 How did it that you didn t tell it to him until two days later 2 我想知道你的新书何时出版 I want to know when your new book will 3 科学家正绞尽脑汁 力求找到解决这个问题的办法 The scientists are beating their brains trying to a solution to the problem 答案 1 come about 2 come out 3 come up with 2 名校押题 用心 爱心 专心 8 Do you know him No I ve never remembered having a man like that A come across B come outC come about D come up 答案与解析 A come across 碰到 遇见 答语题意 不 我不记得曾遇见过像这 样一个人 3 3 countcount onon 依赖 指望依赖 指望 count on depend on count down 倒计时 count off 报数 报出数字 count out 不算在内 除外 1 Thanks I ll be you 谢谢 一切都要靠你了 2 That was the only thing they could 那是他们唯一能够依靠的东 西 3 We can always him for help in any emergency 我们总能指望他 在紧急的情况下帮助我们 答案 1 counting on 2 count on 3 count on 1 单项填空 I think we can Mr White to support us A count down B count out C count off D count on 答案与解析 D 考查动词短语的辨析 count on 依靠 依赖 2 名校押题 In our modern society more and more people depend on computers problems of various kinds A to solve B solve C solving D to solving 答案与解析 A 该题为 depend on sth to do sth 结构 意为 依靠 做某事 4 4 holdhold upup 举起 阻挡 使停止 使停顿 阻举起 阻挡 使停止 使停顿 阻 hold back keep back 抑制 hold down 保有 一份工作 压抑 压低 控制 hold off 保持距离 不接近 拖延 hold on 打电话时用语 请等一下 不要挂 hold out 给予 提供 支持 继续 坚持 忍耐 1 The chair was too weak 这椅子不牢 承受不 住你 2 The sad mother her sadness for her children s sake 这位伤心 的母亲为了孩子们在控制自己的情绪 3 We for nearly an hour by the traffic accident 我们在路上被交通事故耽搁近一个小时 4 His son a model of hard work 他的儿子被推 举为勤奋工作的榜样 5 No one can the wheel of history 谁也无法阻止历史车轮的前进 6 Could you I ll just see if the manager s in 你不要挂断 电话好吗 我去看一看经理在不在 用心 爱心 专心 9 答案 1 to hold you up 2 held back 3 were held up on our way 4 was held up as 5 hold back 6 hold on 1 用 hold 短语的适当形式填空 1 Don t worry The house will 2 They by fog 3 How long will our food supplies 4 They will their decision until Monday 5 You should learn to your anger 答案 1 hold up 2 were held up 3 hold out 4 hold off 5 hold back 2 名校押题 1 a moment and I will go to your rescue A Go on B Hold on C Move on D Carry on 答案与解析 B 考查动词短语辨析 go on 继续 hold on 抓住不放 坚持 move on 继续前进 carry on 继续进行 根据后句的 I will go to your rescue 可知 这里应是 坚持住 别松手 2 There was a big hole in the road which the traffic A took up B brought back C kept back D held up 答案与解析 D take up 开始从事 占用 bring back 拿回来 使回忆起来 使 恢复 keep back 落在后面 hold up 使停止 使停顿 阻碍 5 5 figurefigure outout 算出 想出 理解算出 想出 理解 figure of speech 修辞手段 figure skating 花样滑冰 figured adj 有花纹图案的 1 It didn t take the children long the correct answer 孩子们没有花很多时间就算出了正确的答案 2 The boy can t the algebra problem 这个男孩解不出这道代数题 3 I can t why he quit his job 我捉摸不透他为什么要辞掉工作 答案 1 to figure out 2 figure out 3 figure out 1 单项填空 The present situation is very complex so they think it will take them quite a long time to its reality A make up B figure out C look through D put off 答案与解析 B make up 组成 化妆 编造 figure out 算出 想出 理解 look through 浏览 put off 推迟 题意 目前的形势非常复杂 因此他们认为要 花相当长的一段时间来弄清它的真相 2 名校押题 Mary couldn t why her cake tasted so funny until she found salt mixed in the sugar bag A figure out B take out C put out D bring out 答案与解析 A figure out 想出 弄明白 题意 玛丽弄不清楚为什么她的蛋糕 尝起来如此古怪 直到她发现了混在糖包里的盐 6 6 putput upup withwith 忍受 容忍忍受 容忍 put away 放好 收好 储存 put aside 储存 保留 用心 爱心 专心 10 put across 解释清楚 说明 put down 记下 放下 镇压 平定 put forward 提出 建议 把 向前拨 put in 驶进 put out 熄灭 消灭 关 灯 出版 发布 生产 put off 推迟 延期 put on 穿上 戴上 上演 增加 体重 put up 提出 举起 升起 提 价 为 提供食宿 建造 1 I don t know how his parents his strange behaviour 我不知道他的父母如何忍受他的怪异行为 2 Poor English makes him have difficulty 蹩 脚的英语使他难以表达自己的想法 3 The fire brigade soon the fire 消防队员很快就把火扑灭了 4 You re welcome to in my home for the night 欢迎你们在我家 过夜 答案 1 put up with 2 puttin