上海市英语中考复习专项训练：阅读理解（三） 说明议论类C卷

第 1 页 共 22 页 上海市英语中考复习专项训练 阅读理解 三 上海市英语中考复习专项训练 阅读理解 三 说明议论类说明议论类 C C 卷卷 一 一 阅读理解阅读理解 共共 1010 题 共题 共 8282 分分 1 8 分 阅读理解 Animals can move from place to place but plants cannot When an animal is under attack it can run away or fight back Plants certainly cannot run away and they have no teeth or claws But plants can protect themselves in both physical and chemical ways Some plants have their own ways to keep animals away For example the leaves of the holly 冬青 have sharp prickles 刺 that discourage grass eating animals Holly leaves on lower places have more prickles than leaves on upper places This is because the lower leaves are easier for most animals to reach Some plants such as the oak trees 橡树 have thick and hard leaves that are difficult for animals to eat Some grasses may contain a sandy material and eating such grasses wears down the animals teeth Many plants also have chemical defenses Some plants produce chemicals that taste bitter 苦 or cause an unpleasant reaction Some plants may fight against an attack by increasing the production of these chemicals When a worm bites a tobacco leaf 烟叶 the leaf produces a chemical smell Many plants depend on both physical and chemical defenses A certain plant in China for instance has prickly leaves and each prickle has poisonous water 毒液 Only one experience with this kind of plant will teach an animal to stay away from it in the future 1 What can a plant do when it is under attack A It can protect itself B It can run away C It can fight back D It must die 2 Why do the leaves of the holly have sharp prickles according to the passage A Because they are beautiful to watch B Because they stop people from picking 第 2 页 共 22 页 C Because they stop grass eating animals D Because they are lower 3 How does an oak tree protect itself A It has leaves with sharp prickles B It has leaves with a sandy material C It has thick and hard leaves D Its leaves taste bitter 4 What does the underlined word sandy mean in Chinese A 含盐的 B 坏掉的 C 含沙的 D 腐烂的 5 Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage A The holly has thick and hard leaves B The oak tree has leaves with poisonous water C A plant has only one kind of way to protect D A tobacco leaf produces a chemical smell 2 8 分 阅读理解 This news is about a man He is from Brazil and he is old It s not quite the classic Santa looks He has snow white hair and a beard When it is Christmas he plays Santa Claus He sits in a shopping centre And thousands of young Brazilian boys and girls will be queuing up to see this guy for Christmas They talk to him about Christmas presents Brazilian artist Vitor Martins has been a shopping mall Santa in Sao Paulo for 16 years 第 3 页 共 22 页 There is something interesting about the man He has many pictures made out of ink on his body Ninety four per cent of his body has tattoos Anyone doubting Martins commitment 奉献 to playing Santa has to do nothing more than having a quick look at the artwork which covers his skin From Jesus to Jingle Bells there s no shortage of Christmas themed pictures made out of ink on his body to show his dedication 奉献 1 Vitor Martins is A a salesman B an artist C a musician D a shopping mall owner 2 Many young people in Brazil come to the shopping mall to A sit in the shopping centre B buy the cheap things C buy Christmas presents D see the artist Vitor Martins 3 The underlined word tattoos means in Chinese A 文身 B 表情 C 肌肉 D 肥胖 4 Which is NOT true according to the passage A Vitor Martins has been a shopping mall Santa for sixteen years 第 4 页 共 22 页 B Vitor Martins plays Santa Claus when it is Christmas C Nobody doubts Vitor Martins commitment to playing Santa D There are many Christmas themed pictures on Vitor Martins body 3 6 分 根据短文内容 选择最佳答案 Mexico s neighbors are the United States to the north and Guatemala 危地马拉 And Belize 伯利兹 to the south Mexico is about one quarter of the size of the United States Mexico has more than ninety million people The official language of Mexico is Spanish This makes Mexico the world s largest Spanish speaking country Mexico City is the capital and largest city of Mexico The city is very high It is 7 349 feet high 2 240 meters This makes it one of the highest capital cities in the world The population of Mexico City grows bigger every day Mexico also has its special plants Many of the foods we eat originated 起源 in Mexico Foods like beans maize avocados 鳄梨 tomatoes peanuts chili peppers vanilla 香子兰 and chocolate come from Mexico Mexico is also famous for its cactus 仙人掌 plants Mexico has more kinds of cactuses than any other country 1 Mexico is to the south of A the United States B Belize C Guatemala D Canada 2 Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage A America is 15 times as large as Mexico B All the people in Mexico speak English 第 5 页 共 22 页 C Mexico has more than 9 billion people D Mexico has more Spanish speakers than Spain 3 Mexico has kinds of cactuses than any other country A fewer B more C less D most 4 All of these foods come from Mexico except A avocados B chili peppers C oranges D chocolate 5 The best title for the text should be A The geography of Mexico B Plants of Mexico C The population of Mexico D Mexico 4 8 分 Several years ago a television reporter was talking to three of the most important people in America One was a very rich banker another owned one of the largest companies in the world and the third owned many buildings in the center of New York The reporter was talking to them about being important How do we know if someone is really important the reporter asked the banker The banker thought for a few moments and then said I think anybody who is invited to the 第 6 页 共 22 页 Whiter House to meet the President of the United States is really important The reporter then turned to the owner of the very large company Do you agree with that she asked The man shook his head No I think the President invites a lot of people to the White House You d only be important if while you were visiting the President there was a telephone call from the president of another country and the President of the US said he was too busy to answer it The reporter turned to the third man Do you think so No I don t he said I don t think that makes the visitor important That makes the President important Then what would make the visitor important the reporter and the other two men asked Oh I think if the visitor to the White House was talking to the President and the phone rang and the President picked up the receiver listened and then said it s for you 1 This story happened in A England B America C Japan D Australia 2 The banker thought The owner of many buildings thought A He was really important because he was a rich banker B The visitor to the White House was really important C The visitor who met the President of the United States was really important D the reporter was really important 3 The owner of many buildings thought 第 7 页 共 22 页 A He was really important because he owned many buildings in the center of New York B The owner of the very large company was really important C The visitor was really important if he talking to the President and the President received a telephone call for the visitor D The person who worked in the White House was really important 5 10 分 Today there are many fires than in the past Over 100 000 wildfires burn each year in America Russia has 20 000 to 35 000 wildfires every year Australia has on average 60 000 each year These fires destroy 损害 huge areas of forests and burn hundreds of homes Many experts believe there are several reasons for this sudden increase in fires The first reason is climate 气候 change Recent weather has been warmer and drier This leads to dangerous fire conditions When lightening strikes 发生雷电 dry grass easily catches fire Hot winds add to the problem The wind spreads a fire quickly In 2010 Russia had the hottest and driest summer in a century In just one month 500 fires destroyed over 2 000 homes Some people lost their lives Traditional fire fighting practices are another reason for the increase in fires In America firefighters used to quickly put out every fire They didn t allow the grass and trees to burn As a result today many forests have thicker vegetation 植被 Thicker vegetation means more fuel 燃 料 for fires Also without fires from time to time forests become overcrowded and unhealthy Some trees are dead The dead wood then easily catches fire So surprisingly America has many more fires today partly because of its past fire fighting practices Scientists now understand that a fire can be a natural part of a healthy forest As a result countries like Australia allow more fires to burn naturally Sometimes fire fighters even start fires to get rid of 去除 dead wood Of course they carefully control the fires The fire thins out old trees This allows sunlight to reach the ground As a result fires help new trees to grow Therefore if a fire is not a serious threat 威胁 to people firefighters may let it burn naturally 1 Why did Russia have so many fires in one month in 2010 第 8 页 共 22 页 A Because lightening spread the fire B Because there was much fuel for fires C Because there were not enough firefighters D Because it was unusually hot dry and windy 2 Why did Russia have so many fires in one month in 2010 A Because lightening spread the fire B Because there was much fuel for fires C Because there were not enough firefighters D Because it was unusually hot dry and windy 3 What is the main idea of Paragraph 4 A Fires are serious threats to human beings B Australian firefighters don t put out fires C Fires can play an important role I forests D It s difficult for firefighters to control the fires 4 What is the main idea of Paragraph 4 A Fires are serious threats to human beings B Australian firefighters don t put out fires C Fires can play an important role I forests D It s difficult for firefighters to control the fires 5 Which of the following is true according to the passage A Not all the fires in the forests must be put out B People s carelessness leads to dangerous fires 第 9 页 共 22 页 C Australia allows all the fires to burn naturally D There are more fires in Russia than in the USA 6 Which of the following is true according to the passage A Not all the fires in the forests must be put out B People s carelessness leads to dangerous fires C Australia allows all the fires to burn naturally D There are more fires in Russia than in the USA 6 8 分 根据短文内容 选择正确答案 C Why do we like drinking water from plastic bottles Some people think it is healthy and clean Others drink bottled water because it s easy you can carry it around with you In hot countries like Greece we often buy bottles of cold water in the summer However making lots of plastic is not a good idea for many reasons First of all we need a lot of oil for plastic products We usually use oil as a resource of energy If we reduced the number of bottles we made we wouldn t need so much oil Plastic bottles also pollute the environment If we recycled all our plastic bottles we wouldn t need so much space for rubbish dumps But in Greece we don t recycle much of the plastic we use In 2006 Greeks recycled only about 10 of plastic waste The rest became rubbish on land and in rivers and seas So next time you want to throw away a plastic bottle in the litter bin stop and think If you recycled it you would help the environment But what can you do when there isn t a recycling bin near you Well there are lots of useful ways that you can use your bottles again For example an empty bottle makes a great piggy bank for your pocket money and if you cut in half you will have a plant pot Go green You can make a difference 1 What is not mentioned about bottled water in this passage A It s healthy 第 10 页 共 22 页 B It s clean C It s easy D It s expensive 2 Plastic products are made from A energy B oil C rubbish D plants 3 of plastic waste became rubbish in Greece in 2006 A 10 o B 50 C 80 D 90 4 Which is the best way to deal with used plastic bottles A To recycle them B To make a piggy bank C To make a plant pot D To drop them into the river 5 The underlined part in this passage tells us A To make a different life you d better go outside B To look different you d better wear green clothes C To Protect the environment you can do something 第 11 页 共 22 页 D To go green you should use plastic products 7 8 分 阅读理解 We can see trees here and there Trees are important in the world They are useful to man in three important ways First they give man food wood and clean air Trees give man food and they give many animals food too If there are no trees many animals can t live And it s not easy for man to live Second trees can give us shade On a hot summer day children would like to relax under the shade of a tree after they play for a long time Third trees can help to stop bad weather But in many places people cut down a lot of trees And then the weather gets bad 1 Trees can t give man A sunshine B food C wood D air 2 From the second paragraph 段落 we know A trees are man s food B trees are all the animals food C trees can give man and animals food D trees can give people water 3 The meaning of the underlined word shade is A 日光 B 树荫 第 12 页 共 22 页 C 树梢 D 氧气 4 Trees can make the weather A cold B warm C good D bad 5 The passage mainly 主要 tells us A animals like trees very much B trees can bring different weather C trees are good for children D trees are important to man 8 8 分 阅读下面短文 从每题所给的三个选项 A B 和 C 中 选出最佳选项 Du Yijun a 21 year old Fudan University student was one of the 36 people who died in the crush on New Year s Eve on the Bund 外滩 in shanghai On the night of December31 2014 a holiday celebration turned into a terrible tragedy Overcrowding 过度拥挤 and the failure of the police to contro1 the crowds were the main reasons it happened the authorities 官方 said For the last three years light shows on the Bund have been successfully held for New Year s Eve celebrations but this year the light show was canceled and there were fewer police on hand But the crowds came anyway About 300 000 people were on the Bund by 8 30 that evening and more kept arriving until people suddenly became noisy and angry around 11 30 Some people fel1 on lhe stairs and were stepped heavily on and died In shanghai the authorities have reacted 作出反应 to the Bund tragedy by canceling big events 第 13 页 共 22 页 But this isn t really necessary Better planning and better crowd contro1 can make sure the celebrations are safe However if you re going to a place where there wi1l be a big crowd you should take notice of where the exits 出口 are and if there are too many people move away from the center of the crowd And most importantly if the crowd seems too big and makes you feel uncomfortable Just leave No celebration is worth losing your life over 1 The underlined word crush in the passage probably means in Chinese A 美丽的景色 B 成功的活动 C 拥挤的人群 2 How many people died in the Bund tragedy in Shanghai on Dec 31 2014 A 21 B 36 C 300 000 3 What caused the tragedy to happen according to the authorities A Overcrowding and the failure of the police to contro1 the crowds B Unsafe exits and small squares to hold enough people C Bad weather and dark lights to guide people to leave 4 What can we learn from the passage A The celebrations could go successfully if well organized B It s necessary to cancel all the events to avoid accidents C It s necessary to cancel all the events to avoid accidents 5 The passage mainly tells us about 第 14 页 共 22 页 A the failure of the police to protect people B a tragedy happening on the Bund and its 1esson C some successful light shows held in shanghai 6 The underlined word crush in the passage probably means in Chinese A 美丽的景色 B 成功的活动 C 拥挤的人群 7 How many people died in the Bund tragedy in Shanghai on Dec 31 2014 A 21 B 36 C 300 000 8 What caused the tragedy to happen according to the authorities A Overcrowding and the failure of the police to contro1 the crowds B Unsafe exits and small squares to hold enough people C Bad weather and dark lights to guide people to leave 9 What can we learn from the passage A The celebrations could go successfully if well organized B It s necessary to cancel all the events to avoid accidents C It s necessary to cancel all the events to avoid accidents 10 The passage mainly tells us about A the failure of the police to protect people B a tragedy happening on the Bund and its 1esson 第 15 页 共 22 页 C some successful light shows held in shanghai 9 10 分 阅读下列短文 从下面每小题的 A B C D 四个选项中选出最佳选项 We drink tea every day But more than three hundred years ago most of the people in Europe did not know anything about tea Some people heard about it but very few of them knew what to do with it There is a story about an English sailor He went to countries in the east the west and the south He went to India and China One day he came home and brought some tea as a present for his mother She told her friends about the present and asked them to a tea party When her friends came to the tea party the old woman offered 给 them brown tea leaves The old woman s friends began to eat them Of course nobody liked the tea leaves At that time the sailor came in He looked at the table and said Mother what have you done with the tea I boiled 煮 it as you said And what did you do with the water I threw it away of course answered the old woman Now you may throw away the leaves too said her son 1 More than 300 years ago most of the people in Europe A drank tea every day B heard about tea C knew nothing about tea D liked to eat the tea leaves 2 One day the English sailor brought his mother some tea from A countries in the west B countries in the south 第 16 页 共 22 页 C India or China D a tea shop in England 3 The sailor s mother asked her friends to her house because A the sailor told her to do so B she wanted to ask her friends what to do with the tea C she liked to make fun of her friends D she wanted to enjoy the tea together with her friends 4 At the tea party A all the woman s friends liked