初三被动语态专项复习

被动语态专项复习 一 1 含义 语态是动词的一种形式 用来说明句中主语和谓语动词的关系 如果主语是动词的执行者 则使 用 语态 如果主语是动作的承受者 则使用 语态 2 主动语态变被动语态 主动语态 The boy broke the window yesterday 动作执行者 动词主动形式 动作承受者 被动语态 The window was broken by the boy yesterday 动作承受者 动词被动形式 动作执行者 3 构成 1 肯定句 主语 be 过去分词 by 英语被许多人说 English many people 2 否定句 主语 be not 过去分词 by 这条路不经常被使用 This road very often 3 一般疑问句 Be 主语 过去分词 by 那座桥是被建在长江上吗 that bridge over the Changjiang River 4 特殊疑问句 疑问词 be 主语 过去分词 by 电话是什么时候被发明的 the telephone 4 注意人称 时态和数的变化 时态主动语态被动语态结构 一般现在时give gives 一般过去时gave 一般将来时shall will give 被动语态 二 二 被动语态的特殊情况 动词 表示主语的属性特征 副词 well badly easily 当他们与相应的副词连用的时候用主动 表被动 此类动词有 write sell clean wash 等词做不及物动词时 如 The book sells well 1 这种食物尝起来好卖的也好 This food tastes and well 2 这支笔写的很糟 流畅 This pen badly smoothly 3 这家商店八点营业 The shop at 8a m want need doing 相当于 want need to be done 你的衣服需要洗 Your clothes need Your clothes need 在 be worth doing 中 doing 表被动意义 This book is worth read This stamp is worth collect 2 see hear make 等动词后作宾补的不定式都不带 to 但改成被动语态后必须带 to The boss made him work all day He all day by the boss I often hear her sing this song She often this song by me 3 动词短语变为被动语态时 不能丢掉动词后的介词或副词 She takes care of the baby every day The baby by her every day People should speak to the old politely The old politely by people This dictionary mustn t the library A take away B be taken away C be taken away from 4 用于词组的被动语态 常用于表示 据说 或 相信 如 It is said that 据说 It is reported that 据报道 It is well known that 众所周知 5 含双宾语的主动结构变为被动结构时 1 He told us a story were a story by 2 用介词 to 或 for 引导 He told us a story told us by him Her mother gave her a new pen A new pen her by her mother 注意 填介词 to for explain bring give lend offer pass sell send show take teach tell write return serve sth sb design build buy cook do draw make order choose find get prepare sth sb 6 不用于被动语态的情况 1 不及物动词无被动语态 如 appear die end fail happen sit stand come true fall asleep take place 等 Great changes in the last three years A have taken place B have been taken place C have happened 昨天这个城镇发生了一场事故 An accident in this town yesterday 2 系动词无被动语态 如 It sounds good 另 be become feel get grow keep look seem smell stay turn 等 被动语态专项习题 练习 1 用括号中动词被动结构的适当形式填空 1 English widely use in the world 2 She fall ill last night and she take to the hospital at once 3 The Great Wall know all over the world 4 Three children take good care of by the nurse 5 Some new houses build by the villagers themselves 6 What language speak in Japan 7 The black bike buy in that shop three days ago 8 The big tree blow down in the storm last night 9 Computer science teach now almost in all universities and institutes 10 The first railway in the world design in the last century 11 The window not break by the boy just now 12 Visitors ask not to touch the exhibits 展览品 13 A beautiful horse draw by John yesterday 14 The pictures take by Jack tomorrow 15 School football game hold last Friday evening 16 A number of the trees plant around Dalian every year 17 This book write for Chinese children at that time 18 He invite to the party by his friends last Monday 19 The sport meeting hold next Friday 二 单选 1 a new library in our school last year A Is built B Was built C Does buildD Were built 2 An accident on this road last week A was happened B is happened C happened D was happening 3 Cotton in the southeast of China A is grownB are grownC growsD grow 4 A talk on Chinese history in the school hall next week A is givenB has been given C will be given D will given 5 Thousands of tourists come to Edinburgh to see new films and plays and hear music by famous musicians A to play B played C playing D was played 6 The word OK which is the most popular and common expression in the world first in late March 1893 It has a history of 175 years A used Amazing B was used Amazing C was used Amazed D uses Amazing 7 Your shoes You need a new pair A wear outB worn outC are worn out D wears out 8 It is reported that more teaching buildings in our school next term A will be builtB will buildC was built D built 9 Mary show me her new dictionary just now A has asked to B was asked toC is askedD asked 10 The monkey was seen off the tree A jumpB jumpedC to jump D jumping 11 He some pieces of advice but he to them A gave didn t listen B was given wasn t listened C was given didn t listen D gives doesn t listen 12 A strange thing in our school yesterday A was happened B has been happened C happened D happens 13 Jim wasn t at school because he to stay at home A is toldB toldC was told D will be told 14 The teacher told his students that they to be useful men to the country A were all expected B were all expecting C all were expected D expected 15 that Susan can t go to the party because she A It s said didn t invite B It s said wasn t invited C I was told wasn t invited D It s said doesn t invite 16 What happened to Billy He because of his drink drivi