初中英语讲义(教案)：-初二英语--时态讲解--一般过去时

一般过去时一般过去时语法专项语法专项 一 一 1 专题讲解 专题讲解 1 定义 定义 一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态 常和表示过去的时间状语 连用 也可表示过去习惯性或经常性的动作和行为 2 时间状语 时间状语 yesterday the day before yesterday yesterday morning just now a moment ago two days ago last night year week before 11 00 in the past at that time 等 3 使用情况 使用情况 1 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态 I got up at 7 00 yesterday 我昨天 7 点起床 2 表示过去经常或反复发生的动作 He always went to work by bus last year 去年他总是乘公交车去上班 4 一般现在时的结构及句型变化一般现在时的结构及句型变化 结构 一般现在时的结构主要有三种形式 结构 一般现在时的结构主要有三种形式 1 结构一 谓语动词为 结构一 谓语动词为 be 动词动词时 时 肯定句 主语 be was were 其它 注 注 am is was are were 否定句 主语 be not 其它 一般疑问句 Be 主语 其它 e g I was late yesterday e g They were in Bei jing last year I was not late yesterday They weren t in Bei jing last year Were you late yesterday Were they in Bei jing last year Yes I was Yes they were No I wasn t No they weren t am 和 is 在一般过去时中变为 was was not wasn t are 在一般过去时中变为 were were not weren t 2 结构二 谓语动词为 结构二 谓语动词为情态动词情态动词时 时 注意 情态动词 can may have to 等等 肯定句 主语 情态动词过去式 动词原形 其它 否定句 主语 情态动词过去式 not 动词原形 其它 一般疑问句 情态动词过去式 主语 动词原形 其它 E g The old man could swim 30 years ago The old man couldn t swim 30 years ago Could the old man swim 30 years ago Yes he could No he couldn t 常用情态动词过去式如下 常用情态动词过去式如下 can could 能 会 may might 可以 have to had to 不得不 shall should 将要 用于第一人称单数 will would 将要 用于所有人称 3 结构三 谓语动词为 结构三 谓语动词为实义动词实义动词时 时 肯定句 主语 动词过去式 其它 否定句 主语 didn t 动词原形 其它 一般疑问句 Did 主语 动词原形 其它 E g Li Ming studied English this morning E g We often played tennis in the past Li Ming didn t study English this morning We didn t often play tennis in the past Did Li Ming study English this morning Did you often play tennis in the past Yes he did Yes we did No he didn t No we didn t 注 注 1 谓语动词为实义动词时 变否定句和一般疑问句一律找助动词 did 来帮忙 过 去时不分人称和单复数 都是加 did 或 did not 2 前面出现了助动词 后面的动词一律用原形 3 变一般疑问句时 一问一答的关系当中 第一人称和第二人称要相互交换 5 一般过去时的特殊疑问句 一般过去时的特殊疑问句 结构 特殊疑问词结构 特殊疑问词 一般疑问句 一般疑问句 特殊疑问词 did 主语 动词原形 其它 特殊疑问词 was were 主语 其它 E g Where were you last night What did Jim do yesterday Where did you walk to yesterday 1 动词过去式的 动词过去式的规则变化规则变化 How did you find the job 6 动词的过去式 动词的过去式 1 一般词尾加 ed stay stayed help helped ask asked look looked watch watched 2 以 e 结尾的只加 d hope hoped love loved dance danced live lived 3 末尾三个字母以 辅 元 辅 结尾 且为重读闭音节 应双写末尾的辅音 字母 再加 ed Stop stopped plan planned drop dropped beg begged 4 辅音字母 y 尾 变 y 为 i 再加 ed carry carried study studied hurry hurried 2 动词过去式的 动词过去式的不规则变化不规则变化 见书后表格 7 口口诀诀 动词一般过去时 表示过去发生事 be 用 was 或用 were have has 变 had 谓语动词过去式 过去时间作标志 一般动词加 ed 若是特殊得硬记 否定句很简单 主语之后 didn t 添 疑问句也不难 did 放在主语前 如果谓语之前有 did 谓语动词需还原 动词若是 was were 否定就把 not 添 2 变式练习 变式练习 一 写出下列动词的过去式一 写出下列动词的过去式 is am fly plant are drink play go make does dance worry ask taste eat draw put throw kick pass do 二 用二 用 be 动词的适当形式填空 动词的适当形式填空 1 I an English teacher now 2 She happy yesterday 3 They glad to see each other last month 4 Helen and Nancy good friends 5 The little dog two years old this year 6 Look there lots of grapes here 7 There a sign on the chair on Monday 8 Today the second of June Yesterday the first of June It Children s Day All the students very excited 二 巩固练习二 巩固练习 一一 句型 句型变换变换 1 There was a car in front of the house just now 否定句 一般疑问句 肯定回答 否定回答 2 They played football on the playground 否定句 一般疑问句 肯定回答 否定回答 二二 用所 用所给动词给动词的适的适当当形式形式填填空 空 1 I watch a cartoon on Saturday 2 Her father read a newspaper last night 3 We to the zoo yesterday Tom to the park go 4 you visit your relatives last Spring Festival 5 he fly a kite on Sunday Yes he 6 Gao Shan pull up carrots last National Day holiday 7 I sweep the floor yesterday but my mother 8 What she find in the garden last morning She find a beautiful butterfly 9 It be Ben s birthday last Friday 10 We all have a good time last night 三 拓展训练拓展训练 一 句型转换 一 句型转换 1 Lucy did her homework at home 改否定句 Lucy her homework at home 2 He found some meat in the fridge 冰箱 变一般疑问句 he meat in the fridge 3 She stayed there for a week 对划线部分提问 she there 4 There was some orange in the cup 变一般疑问句 there orange in the cup 二 单项选择 二 单项选择 1 My father ill yesterday A isn t B aren t C wasn t D weren t 2 your parents at home last week A Is B Was C Are D Were 3 The twins in Dalian last year They here now A are were B were are C was are D were was 4 your father at work the day yesterday 前天 A Was before B Is before C was are D were was 5 Who was on duty last Friday A I am B I was C Yes I was D No I wasn t 三三 用所 用所给动词给动词的适的适当当形式形式填填空 空 1 Don t the house Mum it yesterday clean 2 What you just now I some housework do 3 They make a kite a week ago 4 I want to apples But my dad all of them last month pick 5 he the flowers this morning Yes he water 6 She be a pretty girl Look she do Chinese dances 7 The students often draw some pictures in the art room 家庭作业家庭作业 一 写出下列动词的一 写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式第三人称单数形式 过去式形式过去式形式 go enjoy buy eat get walk take dance write run swim find begin eat play study 二 用所给词的适当形式填空 用所给词的适当形式填空 1 Tom and Mary come to China last month 2 Mike not go to bed until 12 o clock last night So he get up late 3 Mary read English yesterday morning 4 Tom begin to learn Chinese last year 5 My mother not do housew