2011-2012学年高中英语 Unit 3 Men and WomenDifferent Roles in Society（2）素材 冀教版必修1

2011 20122011 2012 学年高一英语必修学年高一英语必修 1 1 冀教版 素材 含教案和练习 冀教版 素材 含教案和练习 UnitUnit 3 3 MenMen andand WomenDifferentWomenDifferent RolesRoles inin SocietySociety 2 2 一 教学内容 Unit 3 II 语法讲解 直接引语和间接引语 引述或转述别人的话称为 引语 直接引用别人的原话 两边用引号标出 叫做直接 引语 用自己的语言转述别人的话 不需要引号叫做间接引语 实际上间接引语大都是宾语 从句 其中由祈使句转换的间接引语除外 其转换后是不定式 那么直接引语为陈述句 一般疑问句 特殊疑问句和祈使句 转换为间接引语时 句子的结构 人称 时态 时间状 语和地点状语等都要有变化 如何变化呢 1 人称的转变 1 直接引语中的第一人称 一般转换为第三人称 如 He said I am very sorry He said that he was very sorry 2 直接引语中的第二人称 如果原话是针对转述人说的 转换为第一人称 如 You should be more careful next time my father told me My father told me that I should be more careful the next time 3 直接引语中的第二人称 如果原话是针对第三人称说的 转换成第三人称 如 She said to her son I ll check your homework tonight She said to her son that she would check his homework that night 4 人称的转换包括人称代词 物主代词和名词性物主代词等 如 He asked me Will you go to the station with me to meet a friend of mine this afternoon He asked me whether I would go to the station with him to meet a friend of his that afternoon 总之 人称的转换不是固定的 具体情况 具体对待 要符合逻辑 2 时态的转换 直接引语改为间接引语时 主句中的谓语动词如果是过去时 从句 即间接引语部分 的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化 变成过去时范畴的各种时态 实际也是宾语从句的 时态要求 变化如下 直接引语 间接引语 直接引语 间接引语 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般过去时 过去完成时 现在进行时 过去进行时 过去完成时 过去完成时 现在完成时 过去完成时 过去进行时 过去进行时 一般将来时 过去将来时 例如 I amam very glad to visit your school she said She said she waswas very glad to visit our school Tom said We areare listeninglistening to the pop music Tom said that they werewere listeninglistening to the pop music Mother asked HaveHave you finishedfinished your homework before you watch TV Mother asked me whether I hadhad finishedfinished my homework before I watched TV He asked the conductor Where shallshall I getget offoff to change to a No 3 bus He asked the conductor where he wouldwould getget offoff to change to a No 3 bus Why diddid she refuserefuse to go there the teacher asked The teacher asked why she hadhad refusedrefused to go there Mother asked me HadHad you finishedfinished your homework before you watched TV Mother asked me whether I hadhad finishedfinished my homework before I watched TV Tom said We werewere havihaving a football match this time yesterday Tom said that they werewere h having a football match that time the day before He said I haven thaven t heardheard from my parents these days He said that he hadn thadn t heardheard from his parents those days 3 直接引语变成间接引语时 从句时态无须改变的情况 1 当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时的时候 如 He always says I am tired out He always says that he is tired out 2 当主句的谓语动词是将来时的时候 如 He will say I ll try my best to help you He will say that he will try his best to help me 3 当直接引语部分带有具体的过去时间状语时 如 He said I went to college in 1994 He told us that he went to college in 1994 4 当直接引语中有以 when while 引导的从句 表示过去的时间时 如 He said When I was a child I usually played football after school He said that when he was a child he usually played football after school 5 当直接引语是客观真理或自然现象时 如 Our teacher said to us Light travels faster than sound Our teacher told us that light travels faster than sound 6 当引语是谚语 格言时 如 He said Practice makes perfect He said that practice makes perfect 7 当直接引语中有情态动词 should would could had better would rather might must ought to used to need 时 如 例如 The doctor said You d better drink plenty of water The doctor said I d better drink plenty of water He said She must be a teacher He said that she must be a teacher He said She ought to have arrived her office by now He said that she ought to have arrived her office by then The teacher said You needn t hand in your compositions today The teacher said we needn t didn t need to didn t have to hand in our compositions She asked Must I take the medicine She asked if she had to take the medicine 注 此处用 had to 代替 must 更好 8 此外转述中的变化要因实际情况而定 不能机械照搬 如果当地转述 here 不必 改为 there 动词 come 不必改为 go 如果当天转述 yesterday tomorrow this afternoon 等均不必改变 如 Teacher You may have the ball game this afternoon Student What did the teacher say Monitor Monitor He said we might have the ball game this afternoon 4 时间状语 地点状语及某些对比性的指示代词和动词变化 1 时间状语 直接引语 间接引语 直接引语 间接引语 now then tomorrow the next following day today that day next week the next following week month year yesterday the day before two days ago two days before last week month year the week month year before this week that week month year 2 指示代词 these 变成 those 3 地点状语 here 变成 there She said I won t come here any more She said that she wouldn t go there any more 4 动词 come 变成 go bring 变成 take 5 直接引语变成间接引语 句子结构的变化 1 陈述句 用连词 that 引导 that 在口语中常省略 主句的谓语动词可用直接引语 中的 said 也可用 told 来代替 注意 可以说 said that said to sb that told sb that 不可直接说 told that 如 He said I have been to the Great Wall He said to us that he had been to the Great Wall He said I ll give you an examination next Monday He told us that he would give us an examination the next Monday 不可说 told that 此外主句中的谓语还常有 repeat whisper answer reply explain announce declare think 等 又如 He said I m late because of the heavy traffic He explained to us that he was late because of the heavy traffic 如果间接引语是由 that 引导的两个或两个以上的并列从句 第一个连词可以省略 以 后的连词一般不省略 以免混乱 The doctor said You are not seriously ill You will be better soon The doctor said that I was not seriously ill and that I would be better soon 2 直接引语为一般疑问句 也称是否疑问句 间接引语用连词 whether 或 if 引导 原主句中谓语动词 said 要改为 asked me him us 等 语序是陈述句的语序 这一点非常 重要 He said Do you have any difficulty with pronunciation He asked me whether if I had any difficulty with my pronunciation He said You are interested in English aren t you He asked whether I was interested in English 3 直接引语为选择疑问句 间接引语用 whether or 表达 而不用 if or 也 不用 either or 如 He asked Do you speak English or French He asked me whether I spoke English or French I asked Will you take bus or take train I asked him whether he would take bus or take train 4 直接引语为特殊疑问句 改成间接引语时 原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词 主句的谓语动词用 ask sb 来表达 语序改为陈述句语序 如 He asked What s your name He asked me what my name was He asked us How many car factories have been built in your country He asked us how many car factories had been built in our country 5 直接引语为祈使句时 改为间接引语 用带 to 的不定式表达 谓语动词常是 ask advise tell warn order request 等 如 ask sb to do 由肯定祈使句变成 ask sb not to do 由否定祈使句转变 并且在不定式短语中的时间状语 地点状语 人称及 时态都作相应的变化 如 He said Be seated please He asked us to be seated Do be careful with your handwriting He said He told me to be careful with my handwriting Never come here again said the officer nearby The officer ordered the villagers never to go there again Don t touch anything in the lab without permission the teacher said The teacher warned the students not to touch anything in the lab without permission 6 有些含有 建议 劝告 的祈使句 可用 suggest insist offer 等动 词转述 如 He said Let s have a rest He suggested our having a rest He said Let me help you He offered to help me 7 当直接引语形式上是疑问句 有表示请求 建议意义时 可用 ask sb to do sth suggest doing advise sb to do sth 等形式转述 如 Would you mind opening the door he asked He asked me to open the door Why not going out for a walk he asked us He advised us to go out for a walk 或 He suggested we go out for a walk 8 直接引语是感叹句时 变间接引语可用 what 或 how 引导 也可用 that 引导 如 She said What a lovely day it is She said what a lovely day it was 或 She said that it was a lovely day 模拟试题模拟试题 答题时间 60 分钟 一 阅读理解 阅读下列短文 从每题所给的四个选项 A B C 和 D 中选出最佳选项 A My neighbor s 8 year old daughter used to stay in the countryside her native place Recently her parents brought her to town to live with them Rude and wild she would swear or use impolite words when she was displeased Sometimes she went so far to roll on the ground to the disgust of all people around Her parents tried to tame her by beating and kicking only to result in more violent performance Finally they became thoroughly disappointed of her One day their next door neighbor a retired woman teacher gave the girl a snow white dress which was very beautiful It immediately aroused sparks in her eyes and made them shine brilliantly The girl put on the dress and became quite another person She no longer said rude words or hit others even less rolled on the floor She knew running wild was beneath her in such a beautiful dress Since then the girl has been gentle neat and lovely The story set me thinking a lot Maybe everybody has a beautiful dress hidden somewhere in his or her heart Only some people aren t aware of it forget it or lose it Beauty is also a powerful force It can arise fine qualities that humans are born with but have so far unrevealed It has soul shaking influence that is indeed unparalleled 1 We can learn from the first paragraph that A the girl was pleased to swear and use rude words B not all the people around disliked her C the girl became polite after being beating and kicking D the girl was hard to tame 2 The text is mainly written to explain A beating and kicking is not everything B everyone can be educated C everybody dreams of having a beautiful dress D beauty is powerful and effective 3 What might be the most suitable title for the text A Retired Woman Teacher B A Naughty Girl C A Beautiful Dress D A Moving Story B The Americans divided their holidays into two different systems In the first system are the official government holidays Most of these are fixed to the nearest Monday to provide a three day weekends for office staffs The three summer holidays Memorial Day the Fourth of July Independence Day and Labour Day are legal outdoor barbecues 烤肉野餐 All across the country home members dust off their Weber grill 烤架 open packs or hot dogs for the children and take out chicken steak or ribs for the adults The population at large also observes a dozen or more unofficial holidays St Patrick s Day turns everybody in the United States into honorary Irishmen and women Everything turns green Bars serve green beer bakeries produce green bread Chicago goes the extra mile and dyes the river green New Year s Eve celebrations on the East Coast center around television events from Times Square New York the official organization announces when the New Year arrives But since the United States covers five time zones the New Year jumps across the country in one hour jumps and by the time Hawaii strikes its clock for the New Year the rest of the country is fast asleep 4 Why do most of the first system holidays are fixed to nearest Monday A Because most of the them are official government holidays B Because the large population of them are unofficial holidays C In order to provide a longer holiday for office staffs D In order to provide weekends for office staffs 5 Which of the following does NOT belong to official government holidays A St Patrick s Day B The Fourth of July C Labour Day D Memorial Day 6 According to the passage which of the following statement is true A On outdoor barbecues providing packs of hot dogs for the children and adults B On St Patrick s Day everything turns or dyes green including beer bread and river C The New Year is celebrated at the same time in USA D By the time Hawaii strikes its clock it means that the New Year is coming in USA C In the past people who graduated from college felt proud of their academic achievement and believe that their degree would help them to find a good job However in the past four years the job market has changed dramatically This year s college graduates are facing one of the worst job markets in years For example Ryan Stewart a graduate of San Jose State University got a degree in religious studies but he has not gotten any job offers He points out that many people already working are getting laid off and don t have jobs so it s even harder for new college graduates to find jobs Four years ago the future looked bright for the class of 2003 There were many high tech dot com job opportunities graduates received many job offers and they were able to get jobs with high salaries and benefits such as insurance and paid vacations However Times have changed It s a new market according to Cheryl Allmen Vinnidge of the San Jose State Career Center Allmen Vinnidge says students who do find jobs started preparing two years ago They worked during summer vacations they have had several internships and they majored in fields that are still paying well such as accounting or nursing Even teaching is not a secure profession now Ryan Stewart wanted to be a teacher but instead he will probably go back to school in order to become a college teacher He thinks college teaching could be a good career even in a bad economy In conclusion these days a college degree does not automatically lead to a good job with a high salary Some students can only hope that the value of their degree will increase in the future 7 This story mentions college graduates at A San Jose State Career Center B San Jose Community College C San Jose State University D San Jose Polytechnic High School 8 The main idea of this story is that A Ryan Stewart has not been able to find a job B a college career center is a crossroads between college and the real world C in some fields salaries have increased in the past year D between 1999 and 2003 the job market changed dramatically 9 Which of the following things did not happen in the four years that the class of 2003 was in college A Dot com opportunities decreased B The number of teaching jobs increased C Salaries in chemical engineering increased D The number of jobs with benefits decreased 10 Which of the following majors has the best job prospects according to the story A Information systems management B Accounting C Computer science D Teaching D Steve Nash scored seven of his 39 points in overtime 加时赛 after hitting a game tying three pointer in regulation and the Phoenix Suns earned their first trip to the Western Conference finals in 12 years with a thrilling 激动人心的 130 126 victory over Dallas on Friday Phoenix won two straight games to take this series 4 2 and set up a meeting with the San Antonio Spurs beginning Sunday It will be the Suns first appearance in the conference finals since their NBA Finals season in 1993 Nash continues to back up his MVP status 最有价值球员 with memorable games In addition to his 39 points he grabbed 抓住 nine rebounds and handed out 12 assists continually setting up his teammates for clutch field goals at key moments in the game His leaning three pointer with 5 7 seconds left in regulation tied the game and quieted an American Airlines Center crowd that used to cheer for him when he played for the Mavericks 11 According to the news which of the following statements is true A It was the first time that The Phoenix Suns had gotten to the Western Conference finals B Steve Nash played an important role in the Phoenix Suns earning their trip to the Western Conference finals C The Phoenix Suns will defeat the San Antonio Spurs D Nash just played for The Phoenix Suns 12 What does the underlined part back up mean A go backward B block C support D change E A technology for finding Web sites by typing words into the address bar of a browser 浏览 is coming out in South Korea after failing in the United States and could make the Internet more accessible 可用的 for non English speakers The technology is the work of a company called Netpia that aims to cut out search engines It already works for hundreds of thousands of Korean language addresses recognized by Netpia s database 数据库 and the company is testing it in another 95 languages Web site operators have to register key words with Netpia for a fee to make the service work Two thirds of the world use non English language and if this technology is adopted 采用 it will make it much easier to find a Web site and thus boost 增强 提高 cyber transactions and accessibility to Web information Lee Pan jung chief executive at Netpia said in a recent interview People feel more comfortable with their mother language and this technology is a very useful tool to spur 激励 策动 the use of the Internet as it appeals 引起兴趣 even to children and elderly people with no knowledge of English A U S company called Realnames had offered a similar keyword addressing service and once tried to take over Netpia But the deal failed and Realnames stopped operations last year after Microsoft Corp ended a partnership that made the service work with its Explorer browser Some analysts are pessimistic 悲观的 about whether it can compete with search engines such as Google which is available in some 90 languages I don t expect many to register additional addresses Only some corporate 社团的 公司的 clients 顾客 are likely to do so said Park Jong min an analyst at Samsung Securities People are likely to prefer running search engines than trying keyword address in the first place when they are not sure whether such addresses exist or not 13 The new technology can make computer users A find web sites by search engines B find web sites by typing their native languages into the address bar of browser C create their own websites easier D run their computers much faster 14 If you want to use this new technology you A can get the service for free B must go to Netpia s database C mustn t use search engines especially Google D must pay for the service 15 According to the passage which of the following statements is NOT true A A U S company Realnames once worked with Microsoft Corp B The new technology will even make the elder people with no knowledge of English interested in the internet C Many people including the author are pessimistic about the new technology D It s not clear whether the new technology will take the place of search engine 16 The best title of the passage should be A non English search tool takes the web world wider B more and more people begin to use non English search tool C non English search tool takes the place of search engines D Netpia defeats Realnames F It is clear that women s roles have changed greatly in recent years Women have lost some of the control over small children that they formerly enjoyed as the primary teacher for they are now competing with school teachers and the TV set among other forces Women have also suffered a loss in their traditional economic role The food crops women once produced have been replaced with imported 进口的 food in many parts of Micronesia today Locally grown breadfruit and bananas h