2014届高三英语大一轮复习 Book 8 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions Word单元知识练习（含解析）

1 20142014 届高三英语大一轮复习单元知识练习届高三英语大一轮复习单元知识练习 UnitUnit 3 3 InventorsInventors andand inventionsinventions 单项填空 1 With the advances of technology plastics have taken the place of many materials A conventional B optional C artificial D potential 答案 A 解析 考查形容词辨析 conventional 传统的 常见的 句意为 随着科学的进步 塑料产品已经代替了传统的材料 optional 可选择的 随意的 artificial 人造的 仿造的 potential 潜在的 可能的 2 The sound of the happy laughter memories of his childhood A called up B called on C called for D called in 答案 A 解析 考查短语辨析 call up 使想起 使回忆起 句意为 幸福的笑声勾起了他对 童年的记忆 call on 号召 call for 要求 call in 召集 招来 3 Why did Bob cry He couldn t bear like that before the whole class A making fun of B being made fun of C to be laughed at D being made fun 答案 B 解析 动词 bear 后跟v ing 形式作宾语 且此处应该使用被动形式 4 Listen Do you hear someone for help 2010 湖南 21 A calling B call C to call D called 答案 A 解析 考查非谓语动词 该空在句中为非谓语动词作宾补 根据 someone 与 call 的主 动关系排除 D 项 hear 后接不定式作宾补时应省略 to 由此排除 C 项 由 Listen 可 判断此处表示正在求救 故选 A 项 5 A identification card is required when you purchase foreign money from the Bank of 2 China A valid B perfect C beneficial D flexible 答案 A 解析 考查形容词辨析 句意为 当你从中国银行购买外汇时 需要有效身份证 perfect 完美的 beneficial 有益的 flexible 灵活的 均不符合句意 valid 有效 的 符合句意 6 The manager isn t in at the moment would you like to later A ring down B ring off C ring up D ring back 答案 D 解析 考查动词短语辨析 前句提到 经理现在不在 紧接着说 请您过一会再打好 吗 由此可知 这里是让对方过一会再打电话 因此用 ring back 意为 打回电话 7 It s ten years since the scientist on his life s work of discovering the valuable chemical A made for B set out C took off D turned up 答案 B 解析 考查动词短语辨析 句意为 自从这位科学家开始他终生为之奋斗的发现重要 化学元素的工作到现在已有十年了 make for 向 移动 促成 set out 开始 着 手 take off 脱下 起飞 turn up 出现 把声音等 开大 由句意可知 此处缺少 的意思应为 开始 8 The sport then was a little different from we currently know as gymnastics A that B whatC which D where 答案 B 解析 考查名词性从句的引导词 引导一个名词性从句并作 know 的宾语 所以用 what 9 After that he knew he could any emergency by doing what he could to the best of his ability 2010 浙江 12 3 A get away with B get on with C get through D get across 答案 C 解析 句意为 经历过 那件事以后 他知道只要他尽自己所能就能处理任何紧急情 况 to the best of 尽 所能 就 的限度 get away with 携 潜逃 做了 坏事 逍遥法外 get on with 进展 相处 get through 通过 完成 get across 过 马路 桥等 使 人 了解自己的意思 由句意可知 C 项为最佳选项 10 At what age are children able to distinguish right and wrong A among B during C with D between 答案 D 解析 考查固定短语 distinguish between and 11 Some newspapers the results as proof that global warming wasn t really happening A put on B seized on C carried on D hold on 答案 B 解析 考查动词短语辨析 put on 穿上 贴上 seize on 意识到某事物而立即加以利 用 carry on 继续 hold on 坚持 根据后面的 the results as proof 可知 此处应 选 B 项 12 Hard my brother studied he wasn t qualified enough for a good university A although B while C when D as 答案 D 解析 考查连词 句意为 尽管我弟弟学习很用功 但是没有进入一所好的大学学习 该句中副词 hard 提前 使用了一个倒装结构 所以只能用 as although 和 while 也 可以引导让步状语从句 但是没有倒装这一用法 故选 D 13 We don t often see each other but keep in touch with each other by sending e mails A here and there B sooner or later C at one time D now and then 答案 D 解析 now and then 有时 偶尔 句意为 我们不常见面但是有时发电子邮件保持联 4 系 here and there 到处 sooner or later 迟早 at one time 一度 过去有一段 时间 14 I believe and you will find Tom is very outgoing A Having a talk with the student B One talk with the student C Given a talk with the student D If you have a talk with the student 答案 B 解析 本句属于 名词 and 陈述句 结构 15 The employee you had been thinking highly dishonest A of proving B of proved C of to prove D of being proved 答案 B 解析 you had been thinking highly of 是定语从句 修饰 employee 而 proved 是 谓语动词 主语为 employee 阅读理解 The global population is living longer and getting older which presents new challenges The question becomes who will take care of everyone While people will always be the best caregivers for people there just aren t enough people That s where robotic technology can really make a difference says Professor Maja Mataric at the University of Southern California Her group is developing robots to work with stroke 中风 patients and elderly people The research team has found that people react well to a robot gym instructor and seem to get less frustrated with it than with instructions given on a computer screen The robot can act as a perfect trainer with infinite 极大的 patience People say things like I prefer this robot to my husband Can I take it home according to Professor Mataric In fact there s a really important point here As we create these care giving technologies we re helping not only the people that need the care but also the people caring for them We can give them a break and help them avoid burnout People are going to have to like and importantly trust robots before they welcome them into their homes and several groups around the world are working on making it easier to communicate with them 5 Much of human interaction 交流 takes place through body language Gestures eye contact and concepts of personal space are all things that robots are being taught In learning about how people interact with machines researchers are also discovering new roles for robots in our lives Robots can communicate with humans in ways that other technologies can not If someone finds the robot to be more persuasive and more reliable that s going to affect how they interact with it says Dr Cynthia Breazeal director of the Personal Robots Group at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology We can now start to think about fields where it s the social interaction which is the main means by which a robot helps someone Dr Breazeal says that means robots could be used in education learning and health care where social support is important 1 Professor Maja Mataric mainly focused on robots function of A teaching B exploring C giving care D making things 答案 C 解析 细节理解题 根据第一 二段可知 Professor Maja Mataric 重点谈论的是机 器人 未来在护理方面的应用 2 Why can robots be wonderful trainers in the gym A Because they are more clever B Because they are more patient C Because they cost less money D Because they give correct instructions 答案 B 解析 细节理解题 根据第二段最后一句可知 机器人之所以可以成为完美的健身房 教 练是因为 它有极大的耐心 3 The underlined word burnout in Paragraph 3 probably means A feeling tired B feeling angry C getting hurt D becoming disappointed 答案 A 解析 词义猜测题 上句说明机器人不但可以帮助被护理者 而且给护理者也带来帮 6 助 这样就可以让护理者获得休息 由此判断 机器人可以帮助他们避免疲惫不堪 故 A 项正确 4 What is Dr Cynthia Breazeal s attitude towards the robots future A Doubtful B Uncertain C Negative D Optimistic 答案 D 解析 推理判断题 根据最后一段可知 Dr Cynthia Breazeal 认为 未来的机器人 可能更加具有说服力 更加可靠 可能用于教育 学习以及医疗保健等领域 由此可 以推知 她对机器人的未来是持乐观态度的 阅读填空 When a parent marries again it can be tough on children but it s especially tough when the new marriage comes with new stepbrothers and stepsisters 1 Or you might feel that these new stepchildren are replacing you altogether How can you deal with this challenging situation Understand that the presence of these new people in the house doesn t have anything to do with you The stepparents and stepsiblings 继兄弟或继姊妹 are most likely just as nervous about the new living situation as you 2 Get to know these new family members They will most likely be a part of your life for many years to come so develop a good relationship with them 3 4 Honest and open communication can help everyone get used to this new living situation Stay out of their way Sometimes these new stepparents and stepsiblings are a nightmare to deal with In that case just avoid their presence as much as possible If you face them it can only lead to turmoil 骚动 and make your life tougher 5 Sometimes it s better to get professional help and seek the advice of a person who can listen to your concerns about the new living situation A You may find you have many things in common with them B Ask an expert for advice C Talk to them about how you feel D Be kind to your stepparents and stepsiblings 7 E As a child you might feel like you are losing your place within the family F Learn to give up some unfriendly ideas G They may also act out these feelings of insecurity in different ways 答案 1 E 2 G 3 A 4 C 5 B 短文改错 Like most of my classmate I have neither brothers nor sisters in any other words I am an only child My parents love me dearly of course and will do all they can make sure that I get a good education They did not want me to do any work at home they want me to devote all my time to my studies so that I ll get good